Daily GK Update- 14th Apr, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. NTPC revises thermal capacity addition target to 30,000 MW by 2032: TPC Group has revised its thermal capacity addition target to 30,000 MW by 2031-32, up from the earlier goal of 26,000 MW by 2030-31.For FY26, NTPC aims to add 3,580 MW of thermal capacity, a significant rise compared to just 660 MW added in FY24.In the renewable segment, the group targets 5,000 MW capacity addition in FY26, a 26% increase from 3,312 MW added in the previous fiscal.NTPC’s current total installed capacity stands at 80,020 MW, with a long-term goal of achieving 60 GW renewable energy capacity by 2032.

 

2. Telangana Launches ‘Rajiv Yuva Vikasam Scheme 2025’ to Empower Marginalized Youth: Telangana government launched the ‘Rajiv Yuva Vikasam Scheme 2025’ to promote economic self-sufficiency and entrepreneurship among youth from SC, ST, BC, Minority, and EBC/EWS communities.The scheme is implemented through respective community welfare corporations, aiming to boost financial independence through targeted support.Eligible beneficiaries can avail concessional subsidized loans of up to ₹4 lakh to start their own businesses and pursue entrepreneurial ventures.

 

3. NFSU Hosts Symposium on Film Forensics to Bridge Science and Cinema: National Forensic Sciences University- NFSU organized a Symposium on Film Forensics in New Delhi.The objective of the symposium is to create a platform for dialogue and collaboration between forensic experts, filmmakers, and students, bridging the gap between science and cinematic storytelling.

It also explores and celebrates the intersection of forensic science and cinema as a means of raising public interest in crime-solving and scientific methods.

 

4. India Celebrates Traditional Harvest Festivals, Honoring Farmers and Unity Across Regions: Traditional harvest festivals are being celebrated across India, with people in different regions observing festivals like Vaisakhi in Punjab, Vishu in Kerala, Poila Boishakh in West Bengal, Bohag Bihu in Assam, and Puthandu in Tamil Nadu, marking the arrival of the spring harvest season.These festivals, which celebrate renewal, prosperity, and gratitude, symbolize the rich cultural heritage and agrarian spirit of India, reflecting the nation’s commitment to progress and social harmony.

 

5. Justice Arun Palli Appointed Chief Justice of J&K and Ladakh High Court: Justice Arun Palli has been appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.Previously a judge at the Punjab and Haryana High Court since 2013, Justice Palli was recommended by the Supreme Court Collegium for the role.Justice Palli, a Senior Advocate since 2007, has served as Executive Chairman of the Haryana State Legal Services Authority and a member of NALSA’s Governing Body.

 

6. 14 April – Ambedkar Jayanti: Ambedkar Jayanti is celebrated on 14th April every year to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution and a prominent social reformer.This year marks celebrated 134th birth anniversary.Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891, and he played a vital role in advocating for the rights of Dalits and marginalized communities, along with working for social equality and justice.From a humble beginning, he went on to become the first law and justice minister of independent India. He was awarded India’s highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1990.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Karnataka govt signs MoU with European firms to run e-RT in Hubballi-Dharwad: The Karnataka government has signed an MoU with European companies to start a pilot electric rapid transit (e-RT) project between Hubballi and Dharwad.This is a fully electric system and will operate on elevated roads in the city and on the ground in other places. In this, 250 people can travel at a time.This metro-style transportation system is being successfully implemented in many European countries.

 

2. Mauritius becomes first African country to sign ISA’s Country Partnership Framework: Mauritius has become the first African country to sign a Country Partnership Framework (CPF) with the International Solar Alliance (ISA). It is also the fourth country globally, after Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Cuba, to sign the CPF.This partnership aims to provide a structured approach for collaboration between ISA and Mauritius on solar energy initiatives, aligning with the country’s national priorities.The CPF is a strategic initiative developed by ISA to facilitate long- and medium-term cooperation with its member countriesThe International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a treaty-based intergovernmental organization, launched in 2015 by India and France, aimed at promoting solar energy as a sustainable solution for energy access and climate change, with the goal of mobilizing USD 1 trillion in solar investments by 2030.Director General of ISA – Ashish Khanna

 

3. India Revokes Transshipment Facility for Bangladesh Exports: Recently, India officially revoked the transshipment facility that allowed Bangladeshi exporters to transport goods through Indian territory to third countries. This decision has implications for trade logistics and costs, particularly affecting Bangladesh’s exports to Western markets. The move follows rising tensions between India and Bangladesh, exacerbated by recent statements from Bangladeshi officials regarding China’s economic involvement in Northeast India.The transshipment facility was established in June 2020. It allowed Bangladeshi goods to transit through Indian Land Customs Stations (LCSs) to reach ports and airports. This arrangement aimed to enhance trade cooperation and regional connectivity. It provided Bangladeshi exporters access to global markets, utilising India’s logistical infrastructure.

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. India becomes 4th nation having capabilities to shoot down fixed wing drone by laser beam: India successfully demonstrated a 30-kilowatt laser-based weapon system, capable of shooting down fixed-wing aircraft, missiles, and swarm drones at Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh.The Vehicle-mounted Laser Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) MK-II(A), developed by DRDO’s CHESS in Hyderabad, damaged a fixed-wing UAV and disabled swarm drone sensors.India joins the US, China, and Russia as one of the few nations with proven high-power laser DEW capabilities.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Sourav Ganguly re-appointed as Chairperson of ICC men’s cricket committee: Former India captain Sourav Ganguly has been re-appointed as the chairperson of the ICC men’s cricket committee and his longtime national teammate VVS Laxman too has been picked again as one the panel members.Ganguly, who led the Indian team with distinction for five years from 2000 to 2005, was first appointed as the committee’s chair in 2021.Ganguly, 52, has replaced compatriot Anil Kumble, who stepped down after serving a maximum of three, three-year terms.

 

2. Mohun Bagan Super Giant clinches Indian Super League 2024-25 title: In Football, Mohun Bagan Super Giant clinched the Indian Super League (ISL) 2024-25 title following a 2-1 victory over Bengaluru FC at the Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan Stadium in Kolkata.This was Mohun Bagan’s second ISL title, following their maiden triumph in the 2022-23 season. They also became only the second team, after Mumbai City.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Google launches new Ironwood chip to speed AI applications: Google has unveiled its seventh-generation AI chip named “Ironwood”, designed to accelerate the performance of AI applications, especially in inference computing like generating chatbot responses.The Ironwood chip supports Google’s ongoing push to create alternatives to Nvidia’s dominant AI chips, marking a significant milestone in the company’s decade-long, multi-billion-dollar investment in AI hardware.These Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) are available exclusively to Google engineers or via Google Cloud, giving the company a strategic edge in internal AI development and cloud-based AI services.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. IRDAI imposes ₹1.06 cr. penalty on Flipkart for violations of insurance e-com, corporate agent norms: Insurance watchdog IRDAI (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India) has imposed a ₹06 crore penalty on Flipkart Internet Private Limited (FIPL) for violating e-commerce and corporate agent norms related to online insurance distribution.FIPL, acting as a corporate agent and ISNP platform, was found redirecting users to an insurance intermediary, which is against IRDAI guidelines that permit integration only with insurers.Legal experts highlighted that such redirection blurs accountability and increases risks of mis-selling for consumers in the insurance space.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. President Murmu Awarded Honorary Doctorate by Slovakia’s Constantine University: President Droupadi Murmu was conferred the Honorary Doctorate (Honoris Causa) by Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia, recognizing her distinguished contributions to public service, social justice, women’s empowerment, and cultural diversity.The award highlights her international recognition for promoting education, inclusion, and democratic values, aligning with the university’s mission to honor individuals fostering humanism and global understanding.Constantine the Philosopher University is a leading Slovakian institution named after Saint Constantine–Cyril, known for honoring exceptional individuals who advance education, science, and intercultural dialogue.

 

Daily GK Update- 13th Apr, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. P Nadda launches the Unified Health Insurance Scheme of Odisha :The Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Jagat Prakash Nadda, has launched a unified health insurance scheme of the Odisha government in Cuttack, Odisha.Besides the Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana, the state government’s health scheme, Gopabandhu Jan Arogya Yojana, and the newly introduced Ayushman Vayo-Vandana Yojana, aimed at senior citizens, will also be integrated into this initiative.With this integration, around 352 lakh people from one crore eight lakh families will be covered under the scheme. Beneficiaries will gain access to free, cashless treatment in more than 29 thousand government and private hospitals across the country. The scheme will provide health coverage of 5 lakh rupees per family per annum, with an additional 5 lakh rupees for women members.Under the Ayushman Vayo-Vandana Yojana, all persons aged 70 years and above, regardless of income, will be eligible for coverage.

 

2. Supreme Court Ruling on Article 143: This ruling comes after the court’s interpretation of Article 143 of the Constitution of India, which allows the President to seek the Supreme Court’s opinion on legal questions. The court’s emphasis on justification aims to uphold the principle of limited government and ensure accountability among the three branches of government.Article 143 empowers the President to seek the Supreme Court’s opinion on important legal matters. This provision is crucial for maintaining constitutional governance. The President can reserve a bill for the court’s advice, particularly on issues of constitutionality. The court’s ruling reinforces that the President must act in accordance with this advice unless there are compelling policy reasons to do otherwise.

 

3. Integrated Power Planning Model: On April 11, 2025, India unveiled a new Integrated Generation, Transmission and Storage Expansion Planning Model. It is a collaborative effort involving the Central Electricity Authority, The Lantau Group (TLG), and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This tool aims to enhance resource adequacy in the power sector. The model will be distributed free of charge to all states and distribution companies (Discoms).The model is designed to assist states in developing comprehensive Resource Adequacy plans. These plans align with the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Power in June 2023. The CEA has already completed Resource Adequacy plans for Discoms up to 2034-35. This new tool will facilitate dynamic updates every year.

 

4. Namami Gange Mission 2.0: NGM 2.0 focuses on several critical areas. These include sewage treatment, riverfront development, river surface cleaning, afforestation, and biodiversity conservation. The mission’s multifaceted approach seeks to restore the ecological and cultural significance of the Ganga.As of February 2024, NGM 2.0 has initiated 457 projects, with 280 already completed. The establishment of 139 District Ganga Committees has facilitated local oversight of these initiatives. This local governance ensures that projects align with community needs and environmental standards.

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Impact of Pharmaceuticals on Atlantic Salmon Behaviour: Pharmaceuticals enter rivers primarily through human waste. Traces of various medications have been detected globally. Over 900 substances, including antidepressants and painkillers, affect wildlife behaviour. The presence of these drugs in water bodies poses a growing threat to aquatic life.The study focused on juvenile salmon in River Dal. Salmon exposed to clobazam navigated hydropower dams more efficiently than unexposed fish. This indicates that while drugs may enhance navigation, the long-term effects on fish and ecosystems remain uncertain.

 

2. Sudan’s Humanitarian Crisis: Sudan is currently facing the world’s largest humanitarian crisis. The ongoing civil war, which began in April 2023, has led to extreme hunger affecting nearly half of the population. Over 25 million people are in dire need of assistance. The conflict has resulted in widespread displacement, with millions fleeing their homes. Women and girls are particularly vulnerable, facing increased risks of gender-based violence and severe food insecurity.The war erupted on April 15, 2023, due to escalating tensions between military and paramilitary forces. The violence quickly spread from Khartoum to other regions, including Darfur. Reports indicate that at least 20,000 people have died, with the actual number likely higher. The conflict has displaced over 8 million people within Sudan and forced 4 million to seek refuge in neighbouring countries.

 

3. WHO Warns of Global Health Crisis from Aid Cuts: The assessment was done in March–April 2025 across 108 WHO country offices, mainly in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Over half reported moderate to severe suspensions in health ODA. Key health system functions, including emergency preparedness and public health surveillance, are notably affected. The disruptions echo the challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Long-Range Glide Bomb ‘Gaurav’: India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently completed successful release trials of the Long-Range Glide Bomb (LRGB) named ‘Gaurav’. Conducted from April 8 to 10, 2025, these trials took place using the Sukhoi-30MKI fighter aircraft. This advancement marks step towards enhancing India’s aerial capabilities and its defence strategy.The Gaurav was developed by DRDO in collaboration with various partners. Key contributors include the Armament Research and Development Establishment, Research Centre Imarat, and Integrated Test Range. The development process involved multiple configurations and warhead types, ensuring versatility in operational use.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Maharashtra-ROSATOM Partnership for Thorium Reactor: This initiative is notable as it is the first time a state government has ventured into nuclear energy development, traditionally under the purview of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). The project will proceed only after receiving approval from the central government.The primary goal of the MoU is to collaboratively develop a thorium reactor in Maharashtra. It aims to commercialise thorium reactors while adhering to the safety standards set by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB). Additionally, the initiative seeks to establish a local assembly line for thorium reactors under the ‘Make in Maharashtra’ campaign.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. NaBFID signs MoU with New Development Bank to accelerate financing infra projects: The National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID) has signed an MoU with the New Development Bank (NDB), creating a deep and sustainable infrastructure financing market and developing a supportive ecosystem around it.The MoU also lays the foundation for both organisations to participate in infrastructure projects through thematic-level collaborations within their respective mandates.Additionally, NaBFID and NDB will partner in research and capacity-building initiatives, including seminars and workshops, to promote knowledge sharing and enhance institutional capabilities.The New Development Bank, established by the BRICS nations — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa — is a multilateral financial institution with a focus on mobilising resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in emerging markets and developing countries (EMDCs).

 

2. India Launches Global Tariff and Trade Helpdesk: The Government of India has recently launched the ‘Global Tariff and Trade Helpdesk’. This initiative aims to assist stakeholders in navigating the complexities of international trade amidst changing terif landscapes. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry announced this development in response to the evolving trade environment, which includes new tariff measures and increased import pressures.As businesses in China face higher tariffs, there may be opportunities for Indian manufacturers. Companies looking to avoid steep tariffs may consider relocating operations to countries with lower tariff regimes, such as India. This could enhance India’s position in the global market.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. James Anderson receives knighthood for his services to Cricket: Former England fast bowler James Anderson has been awarded a knighthood for his services to Cricket as part of former British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak’s resignation honours list. Anderson is the only sportsperson who has made it to the list.The 42-year-old English seamer retired from Test cricket last summer with 704 wickets, making him England’s all-time leading wicket-taker the format.Anderson is currently playing for his county Lancashire but has missed the start of the County Championship season due to a calf injury.

 

2. Recent Award: Key to the City of Lisbon – President Droupadi MurmuSri Lanka Mitra Vibhushana (nation’s highest civilian honour for a foreign head of state) – PM Narendra ModiFred Darrington Sand Master Award – Sudarsan Pattnaik (for his outstanding contributions to sand art)Uttar Pradesh Anmol Ratan Award – Nikhil SinghalUgadi Award from the Andhra Pradesh government – Historian and archaeologist MyNaa Swamy 59th Jnanpith Award – Vinod Kumar Shukla (for Deewar Mein Ek Khirki Rehti Thi)

 

Daily GK Update- 12th Apr, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. JP Nadda launches the Unified Health Insurance Scheme of Odisha: The Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Jagat Prakash Nadda, has launched a unified health insurance scheme of the Odisha government in Cuttack, Odisha.Besides the Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana, the state government’s health scheme, Gopabandhu Jan Arogya Yojana, and the newly introduced Ayushman Vayo-Vandana Yojana, aimed at senior citizens, will also be integrated into this initiative.With this integration, around 352 lakh people from one crore eight lakh families will be covered under the scheme. Beneficiaries will gain access to free, cashless treatment in more than 29 thousand government and private hospitals across the country. The scheme will provide health coverage of 5 lakh rupees per family per annum, with an additional 5 lakh rupees for women members.Under the Ayushman Vayo-Vandana Yojana, all persons aged 70 years and above, regardless of income, will be eligible for coverage.

 

2. TCS appoints Aarthi Subramanian as executive director-president & COO: Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), India’s largest information technology services firm, has appointed Aarthi Subramanian as executive director-president and chief operating officer of the company.The appointment is for a term of five years, commencing from May 1, 2025, to April 30, 2030.She is also a board member of the firm. The last time TCS had a chief operating officer role was before 2009, when N Chandrasekaran, chairman, Tata Sons, was appointed to that position.

 

3. Climate Change Impact on Water Cycle in India: The study forecasts a potential increase in annual rainfall by 20% for every 1°C rise in temperature. Extreme precipitation events could also rise by 16%. By the century’s end, total annual rainfall may increase by 250 to 400 mm under moderate climate scenarios and by 200 to 670 mm under high-emission scenarios.The hydrological cycle in the region is expected to intensify, particularly during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). Researchers used advanced climate models to simulate future climate and water patterns. They found that watershed areas would experience wetter ISM seasons and drier pre-monsoon seasons. This shift poses risks of floods, landslips, and droughts.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. NITI Aayog Releases Report on Automotive Sector’s Global Competitiveness: NITI Aayog released a comprehensive report analyzing India’s automotive sector, aiming to position India as a global player in the automotive value chain. The report was launched by Vice Chairman Suman Bery and CEO BVR Subrahmanyam.The report classifies auto components into four categories based on complexity and manufacturing maturity: Emerging & Complex, Conventional & Complex, Conventional & Simple, and Emerging & Simple, suggesting targeted fiscal and non-fiscal interventions.In 2023, global automobile production hit 94 million units, with the auto components market valued at USD 2 trillion and the export share reaching approximately USD 700 billion. India’s share stood at USD 70 billion, and it emerged as the 4th-largest vehicle producer globally after China, the USA, and Japan.The report highlights India’s strong presence in small cars and utility vehicles, driven by Make in India and a cost-competitive workforce, reinforcing its role as a manufacturing and export hub in the global automotive sector.

 

2. Singapore’s Changi reclaims world’s best airport title: Singapore Changi Airport has been named the World’s Best Airport 2025 by air transport rating organization Skytrax. This is the thirteenth time in the history of the awards that Singapore Changi Airport has received this top accolade.Changi is a destination in itself, where early check-in has been introduced to allow passengers to drop their bags off up to 48 hours before their flight so they can make their time at the airport part of the vacation.Doha’s Hamad International Airport, the former three-times winner of World’s Best Airport, was ranked No 2 this year, as well as receiving the award for the World’s Best Airport Shopping, and the Best Airport in the Middle East.Tokyo Haneda Airport was ranked No 3 in the global ranking with further outstanding results receiving the awards as the World’s Cleanest Airport (Major Airport), the World’s Best Domestic Airport and as delivering the World’s Best Airport PRM & Accessible Facilities.Although no Indian airport featured in the list of the world’s top 20, Delhi International Airport earned the title of Best Airport in India and South Asia. In addition to this, Hyderabad International Airport received the award for Best Airport Staff Service in India & South Asia.

 

3. 12 April – International Day of Human Space Flight: The International Day of Human Space Flight is observed every year on 12 April to commemorate the historic achievement of Yuri Gagarin, the first human to journey into outer space.On this day in 1961, Gagarin orbited the Earth aboard the Soviet spacecraft Vostok 1, marking the dawn of a new era in space exploration.Recognizing the importance of this milestone, the United Nations General Assembly declared 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight in 2011.

 

4. Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action: The intersection of gender equality and climate change is a pressing issue in India. As we mark 30 years since the Beijing Declaration, gaps remain in implementing policies that promote gender equality. Rural women face unique challenges due to climate change, which exacerbates existing inequalities. Addressing these issues is crucial for achieving sustainable development and improving women’s rights in India.Women play important role in climate adaptation and mitigation. Their knowledge of sustainable agriculture is vital for preserving ecosystems. Many women are involved in informal collectives that enhance productivity and respond to disasters. Their leadership in climate initiatives is essential for effective adaptation strategies.

 

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. DRDO conducts release trials of Long-Range Glide Bomb ‘Gaurav’ from Su-30 MKI: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted release trials of the Long-Range Glide Bomb (LRGB) ‘Gaurav’ from a Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft.During the trials, the weapon was integrated to multiple stations in different warhead configurations, with land target on Island. The trials successfully demonstrated range close to 100 kms with pin-point accuracy.The LRGB is a 1,000-kg class glide bomb, designed and developed indigenously by Research Centre Imarat, Armament Research and Development Establishment and Integrated Test Range, Chandipur.The system has been realised with the support of Development-cum-Production Partners — Adani Defence Systems & Technologies, Bharat Forge and various Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.

 

2. Mk-II(A) DEW System: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India has successfully trialled the Mk-II(A) Laser-Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) system. This achievement, announced on April 13, 2025, marks India’s entry into a select group of nations with high-power laser weaponry capabilities. The Mk-II(A) DEW system is designed to disable missiles, drones, and smaller projectiles efficiently.The Mk-II(A) DEW system is an indigenously developed weapon that can engage fixed-wing drones and thwart multiple drone attacks. The system can destroy enemy surveillance sensors and antennas. Its speed and precision make it a formidable counter-drone solution.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. India finishes 2nd after China at the ISSF World Cup Buenos Aires 2025: Indian shooters finished their campaign at the ISSF World Cup Buenos Aires 2025 with 8 medals – four gold, two silver, and two bronze – to finish second behind China on the medal tally.The ISSF World Cup/Rifle/Shotgun was held at the Argentinian capital, Buenos Aires. The World Cup was organised by the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF), the world governing body of the sport.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. 9th edition of 3-day Global Technology Summit stars in New Delhi: The 9th edition of the three-day Global Technology Summit was inaugurated in New Delhi by the External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar.The Global Technology Summit is co-organised by the Ministry of External Affairs with New Delhi-based think tank Carnegie India. It is an annual dialogue that was first held in December 2016.The theme of the 9th Global Technology Summit is “Sambhavna”.

 

2. Lichens Show Resilience in Mars-Like Conditions: Scientists conducted experiments simulating Martian conditions. They tested two lichen species – Diploschistes muscorum and Cetraria aculeata. These species were chosen for their contrasting traits. The lichens were exposed to a Mars simulation chamber for five hours. This chamber replicated the planet’s atmosphere, pressure, temperature variations, and radiation levels.The results indicated that the fungal component of the lichens remained metabolically active. This was true even under conditions of darkness and high levels of X-ray radiation. These findings suggest that lichens can survive on the Martian surface despite extreme radiation exposure.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. BharatPe Gets RBI Approval for Payment Aggregator Business: BharatPe, a prominent Indian fintech company, has achieved a significant milestone by receiving final approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to operate as an online payment aggregator.This authorisation, granted to its subsidiary Resilient Payments Private Limited, paves the way for BharatPe to expand its digital payment services under the brand name “BharatPe X.”The company aims to broaden its merchant base and deepen its presence in high-potential markets, particularly in tier 2 and 3 cities. BharatPe is investing in advanced technology infrastructure to ensure seamless and reliable digital payment solutions.Founded in 2018, BharatPe now operates in over 450 cities with a merchant network exceeding 1.3 crore, cementing its role as a leader in India’s fintech landscape.

 

2. Sebi sets up high-level committee to review conflict of interest provisions: Market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) has constituted a high-level committee to review rules on conflict of interest and disclosures by its board members and officials. The high-level committee (HLC) is chaired by Pratyush Sinha, a retired IAS officer and former Chief Vigilance Commissioner (CVC).The move follows its March 24 board meeting amid criticism over alleged conflict involving former Chairperson Madhabi Puri Buch in Adani Group probes.The 6-member committee comprises Pratyush Sinha, Injeti Srinivas, Uday Kotak, G Mahalingam, Sarit Jafa and Prof. R Narayanaswamy.The HLC will comprehensively review and recommend enhancements to the existing framework for managing conflicts of interest, disclosures, and related issues to uphold the highest standards of transparency, accountability, and ethical conduct among Sebi’s members and officials.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Banu Mushtaq’s ‘Heart Lamp’ becomes first Kannada book on International Booker shortlist: Banu Mushtaq’s collection of Kannada stories in translation, Heart Lamp, was shortlisted for the International Booker Prize. The book, among the six featured in this year’s shortlist, made history as the first Kannada-language book to be shortlisted.Heart Lamp, translated by Deepa Bhasthi, is a collection of 12 short stories written by Banu Mushtaq between 1990 and 2023. Earlier, an English translation of a collection of her short stories, Haseena and Other Stories, won the English PEN translation award for the year 2024. That was also translated by Deepa Bhasthi.Mushtaq, a lawyer and activist from Karnataka, began writing within the progressive protest literary circles in southwestern India.

 

Daily GK Update- 11th Apr, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Government of India Procures 100 Lakh Bales of Cotton Under MSP Operations: The government has procured 100 lakh bales of cotton under MSP operations through its nodal agency. This procurement accounts for 38 percent of the total cotton arrivals of 263 lakh bales and 34 percent of the estimated total cotton production of 294.25 lakh bales in the country.Among the states, Telangana has recorded the highest procurement at 40 lakh bales, followed by Maharashtra with 30 lakh bales and Gujarat with 14 lakh bales.Other states with significant procurement include Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha. Procurement in Haryana, Rajasthan, and Punjab stands at 1.15 lakh bales.The Textiles Ministry said in a statement that in total, 37 thousand 450 crore rupees have been paid to approximately 21 lakh cotton farmers across all cotton-producing states.

 

2. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) — completes 10 glorious Years of empowering Small and Micro Entrepreneurs: The Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY), launched on 8th April 2015 by PM Narendra Modi, celebrates 10 glorious years of empowering small and micro-entrepreneurs across India.Aimed at fostering financial inclusion, PMMY provides easy collateral-free loans up to ₹10 lakh for non-corporate and non-farm income-generating activities.To strengthen support for aspiring entrepreneurs, the finance minister announced an increase in the loan limit to ₹20 lakh during the Union Budget 2024-25 on July 23, 2024. This new limit took effect on October 24, 2024.These loans are extended through Banks, NBFCs, MFIs, and other financial institutions.The newly announced loan category, Tarun Plus, is designed specifically for those who have previously availed and successfully repaid loans under the Tarun category, allowing them to access funding between ₹10 lakh and ₹20 lakh. Additionally, the Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro Units (CGFMU) will now provide guarantee coverage for these enhanced loans, further reinforcing the government’s commitment to nurturing a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem in India.

 

3. Greening Trends in the Thar Desert: Between 2001 and 2023, the Thar Desert experienced a 64 per cent rise in annual precipitation. This increase averages 4.4 millimetres per year since 2000. The summer monsoon season has been particularly impactful, driving vegetation growth. The study brought into light that only four major deserts, including the Thar, showed notable precipitation increases during this period.The region has seen agricultural boom, with crop areas increasing by 74 per cent between 1980 and 2015. This expansion has led to a 24 per cent rise in irrigated land. The Kharif season crops heavily rely on summer monsoon rainfall, while Rabi season crops depend on irrigation. However, this agricultural growth has also resulted in groundwater depletion due to excessive extraction.

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 4th Joint Working Group Meeting on Tourism Cooperation between India and Japan: The 4th Joint Working Group (JWG) Meeting on Tourism Cooperation between India and Japan was held in New Delhi.The meeting was co-chaired by Mugdha Sinha, Director General, Ministry of Tourism, Government of India and Haraikawa Naoya, Commissioner, Japan Tourism Agency (JTA).The Co- Chairs of the two countries exchanged notes on the profile of the visitors and delved into the data insights of the tourists travelling between the two countries, including to Buddhist destinations, in order to undertake suitable policy interventions to make the destinations more attractive for the millennial tourists.

 

2. 10 April – World Homoeopathy Day: World Homoeopathy Day is observed every year on April 10 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann (Germany), the founder of homoeopathy, born in 1755, honoring his contributions to alternative medicine.Theme 2025 – Adhyayan, Adhyaapan, Anusandhaan” (Education, Practice, and Research)

 

3. 90-Day Pause on Trump’s Tariff Policy: The initial announcement prompted a sharp decline in stock and bond markets. Business leaders expressed fears that escalating tariffs could lead the US into recession. Concerns from major corporations, including JPMorgan Chase, contributed to the urgency of the pause. The administration’s framing of tariffs as a means to secure favourable trade deals faced scrutiny due to the economic fallout.Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent played important role in persuading Trump to reconsider the tariff strategy. Following a weekend of investor anxiety, Bessent met with Trump in Florida, emphasising the need for a pause to avoid economic turmoil. The announcement surprised many within the administration, indicating a lack of consensus on the tariff approach.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. INS Sunayna: On April 5, 2025, the Indian Navy launched the Offshore Patrol Vessel INS Sunayna as part of the Indian Ocean Ship (IOS) SAGAR initiative. This event took place in Karwar, Karnataka, with Defence Minister Rajnath Singh presiding over the ceremony. The launch signifies India’s commitment to regional maritime security and international cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). It coincides with the 10th anniversary of the SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative. The IOS SAGAR initiative aims to enhance maritime cooperation among nations in the IOR. The launch of INS Sunayna involves collaboration with naval personnel from nine friendly nations including Comoros, Kenya, and Maldives. This reflects India’s dedication to encouraging peace and collective security.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Thalassemia in India: Managing thalassemia involves several approaches. Regular blood transfusions are essential for maintaining healthy haemoglobin levels. However, they lead to iron accumulation in the body, necessitating iron chelation therapy. Bone marrow transplantation offers a potential cure if a compatible donor is available. Gene therapy is an emerging treatment that repairs or replaces defective genes but is currently expensive and primarily available abroad.In India, beta thalassemia and sickle cell disorders represent health burden. Approximately 3-4% of the population are carriers, resulting in millions of individuals at risk. Certain ethnic groups exhibit even higher carrier rates. Carrier rates are not uniform across regions, even within the same state. Micro-mapping helps identify such variations.

 

2. Google’s Ironwood Chip: Inference computing refers to the process of using trained AI models to make predictions or generate responses. It is crucial for applications that require real-time processing, such as chatbots and virtual assistants. The Ironwood processor enhances this capability by enabling quicker responses and more efficient data processing.The Ironwood chip is designed to work in clusters of up to 9,216 units. This scalability allows for extensive data handling and improved performance. It integrates functions from previous chip designs while increasing memory capacity, making it more effective for AI tasks. The chip is reported to deliver double the performance per energy unit compared to Google’s previous Trillium chip.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Govt Merges 26 RRBs Under ‘One State, One RRB’ Plan to Boost Efficiency: The Department of Financial Services (DFS) has notified the amalgamation of 26 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) under the “One State, One RRB” principle.This is the fourth phase of the RRB consolidation process. The Ministry of Finance rolled out the amalgamation plan in November last year, building on improvements in efficiency from previous phases.Following consultations with stakeholders, 26 RRBs across 10 states and one Union Territory have been merged, focusing on enhancing scale, efficiency, and cost rationalisation.Currently, 43 RRBs operate across 26 states and two Union Territories. Post-amalgamation, there will be 28 RRBs covering 700 districts with more than 22,000 branches. Around 92 percent of these branches are located in rural and semi-urban areas.

 

2. PNB MetLife and Policybazaar Collaborate to Launch Pension Premier Multicap Fund: PNB MetLife India Insurance Company Limited has partnered with Policybazaar to launch the PNB MetLife Pension Premier Multicap Fund under its Unit-Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs).This new fund is designed to help customers build a robust retirement corpus while providing life insurance coverage, ensuring financial protection for families in unforeseen circumstances.The Pension Premier Multicap Fund is available with the PNB MetLife Smart Invest Pension Plan (UIN – 117L137V02), which combines wealth creation with life insurance. The fund is open for subscription from April 1 to April 15, 2025, at an initial Net Asset Value (NAV) of Rs. 10. After this period, it will be available at market value.

 

3. RBI launches verified WhatsApp channel to spread financial awareness: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has launched a WhatsApp channel that will provide financial information and updates to people, especially those in remote and underserved regions of the country.The channel marks an expansion of the regulator’s public awareness campaign titled ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ (RBI Says), which has been actively disseminating key messages about safe banking practices, consumer rights, and responsible financial behavior through multiple channels, including SMS, TV ads, digital media, and print.The verified WhatsApp account will serve as an additional channel through which the RBI can share timely and relevant information directly with users in a simple, secure, and convenient manner.The WhatsApp channel will deliver messages related to safe digital transactions, fraud prevention, banking rights, and policy updates. It is also expected to be a useful tool in debunking financial myths and misinformation that often circulate on social media, helping consumers make informed decision.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Achievements under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) as on 21.03.2025: Women Borrowers: A total of ₹49 lakh crore was disbursed under the Shishu category, ₹ 4.90 lakh crore under Kishor, and ₹ 0.85 lakh crore under the Tarun category.Minority Borrowers: The disbursements amounted to ₹25 lakh crore under Shishu, ₹ 1.32 lakh crore under Kishor, and ₹ 0.50 lakh crore under Tarun.New Entrepreneurs / Accounts:Shishu category: 8.21 crore accounts with a sanctioned amount of ₹24 lakh crore and disbursed amount of ₹ 2.20 lakh crore.

Kishor category: 2.05 crore accounts with ₹09 lakh crore sanctioned and ₹ 3.89 lakh crore disbursed.Tarun category: 45 lakh accounts with a sanctioned amount of ₹96 lakh crore and ₹ 3.83 lakh crore disbursed.

 

Daily GK Update- 10th Apr, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Government of India Procures 100 Lakh Bales of Cotton Under MSP Operations: The government has procured 100 lakh bales of cotton under MSP operations through its nodal agency. This procurement accounts for 38 percent of the total cotton arrivals of 263 lakh bales and 34 percent of the estimated total cotton production of 294.25 lakh bales in the country.Among the states, Telangana has recorded the highest procurement at 40 lakh bales, followed by Maharashtra with 30 lakh bales and Gujarat with 14 lakh bales.Other states with significant procurement include Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha. Procurement in Haryana, Rajasthan, and Punjab stands at 1.15 lakh bales.The Textiles Ministry said in a statement that in total, 37 thousand 450 crore rupees have been paid to approximately 21 lakh cotton farmers across all cotton-producing states.

 

2. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) — completes 10 glorious Years of empowering Small and Micro Entrepreneurs: The Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY), launched on 8th April 2015 by PM Narendra Modi, celebrates 10 glorious years of empowering small and micro-entrepreneurs across India.Aimed at fostering financial inclusion, PMMY provides easy collateral-free loans up to ₹10 lakh for non-corporate and non-farm income-generating activities.To strengthen support for aspiring entrepreneurs, the finance minister announced an increase in the loan limit to ₹20 lakh during the Union Budget 2024-25 on July 23, 2024. This new limit took effect on October 24, 2024.These loans are extended through Banks, NBFCs, MFIs, and other financial institutions.The newly announced loan category, Tarun Plus, is designed specifically for those who have previously availed and successfully repaid loans under the Tarun category, allowing them to access funding between ₹10 lakh and ₹20 lakh. Additionally, the Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro Units (CGFMU) will now provide guarantee coverage for these enhanced loans, further reinforcing the government’s commitment to nurturing a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem in India.

 

3. Greening Trends in the Thar Desert: Between 2001 and 2023, the Thar Desert experienced a 64 per cent rise in annual precipitation. This increase averages 4.4 millimetres per year since 2000. The summer monsoon season has been particularly impactful, driving vegetation growth. The study brought into light that only four major deserts, including the Thar, showed notable precipitation increases during this period.The region has seen agricultural boom, with crop areas increasing by 74 per cent between 1980 and 2015. This expansion has led to a 24 per cent rise in irrigated land. The Kharif season crops heavily rely on summer monsoon rainfall, while Rabi season crops depend on irrigation. However, this agricultural growth has also resulted in groundwater depletion due to excessive extraction.

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 4th Joint Working Group Meeting on Tourism Cooperation between India and Japan: The 4th Joint Working Group (JWG) Meeting on Tourism Cooperation between India and Japan was held in New Delhi.The meeting was co-chaired by Mugdha Sinha, Director General, Ministry of Tourism, Government of India and Haraikawa Naoya, Commissioner, Japan Tourism Agency (JTA).The Co- Chairs of the two countries exchanged notes on the profile of the visitors and delved into the data insights of the tourists travelling between the two countries, including to Buddhist destinations, in order to undertake suitable policy interventions to make the destinations more attractive for the millennial tourists.

 

2. 10 April – World Homoeopathy Day: World Homoeopathy Day is observed every year on April 10 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann (Germany), the founder of homoeopathy, born in 1755, honoring his contributions to alternative medicine.Theme 2025 – Adhyayan, Adhyaapan, Anusandhaan” (Education, Practice, and Research)

 

3. 90-Day Pause on Trump’s Tariff Policy: The initial announcement prompted a sharp decline in stock and bond markets. Business leaders expressed fears that escalating tariffs could lead the US into recession. Concerns from major corporations, including JPMorgan Chase, contributed to the urgency of the pause. The administration’s framing of tariffs as a means to secure favourable trade deals faced scrutiny due to the economic fallout.Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent played important role in persuading Trump to reconsider the tariff strategy. Following a weekend of investor anxiety, Bessent met with Trump in Florida, emphasising the need for a pause to avoid economic turmoil. The announcement surprised many within the administration, indicating a lack of consensus on the tariff approach.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. INS Sunayna: On April 5, 2025, the Indian Navy launched the Offshore Patrol Vessel INS Sunayna as part of the Indian Ocean Ship (IOS) SAGAR initiative. This event took place in Karwar, Karnataka, with Defence Minister Rajnath Singh presiding over the ceremony. The launch signifies India’s commitment to regional maritime security and international cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). It coincides with the 10th anniversary of the SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative. The IOS SAGAR initiative aims to enhance maritime cooperation among nations in the IOR. The launch of INS Sunayna involves collaboration with naval personnel from nine friendly nations including Comoros, Kenya, and Maldives. This reflects India’s dedication to encouraging peace and collective security.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Thalassemia in India: Managing thalassemia involves several approaches. Regular blood transfusions are essential for maintaining healthy haemoglobin levels. However, they lead to iron accumulation in the body, necessitating iron chelation therapy. Bone marrow transplantation offers a potential cure if a compatible donor is available. Gene therapy is an emerging treatment that repairs or replaces defective genes but is currently expensive and primarily available abroad.In India, beta thalassemia and sickle cell disorders represent health burden. Approximately 3-4% of the population are carriers, resulting in millions of individuals at risk. Certain ethnic groups exhibit even higher carrier rates. Carrier rates are not uniform across regions, even within the same state. Micro-mapping helps identify such variations.

 

2. Google’s Ironwood Chip: Inference computing refers to the process of using trained AI models to make predictions or generate responses. It is crucial for applications that require real-time processing, such as chatbots and virtual assistants. The Ironwood processor enhances this capability by enabling quicker responses and more efficient data processing.The Ironwood chip is designed to work in clusters of up to 9,216 units. This scalability allows for extensive data handling and improved performance. It integrates functions from previous chip designs while increasing memory capacity, making it more effective for AI tasks. The chip is reported to deliver double the performance per energy unit compared to Google’s previous Trillium chip.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Govt Merges 26 RRBs Under ‘One State, One RRB’ Plan to Boost Efficiency: The Department of Financial Services (DFS) has notified the amalgamation of 26 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) under the “One State, One RRB” principle.This is the fourth phase of the RRB consolidation process. The Ministry of Finance rolled out the amalgamation plan in November last year, building on improvements in efficiency from previous phases.Following consultations with stakeholders, 26 RRBs across 10 states and one Union Territory have been merged, focusing on enhancing scale, efficiency, and cost rationalisation.Currently, 43 RRBs operate across 26 states and two Union Territories. Post-amalgamation, there will be 28 RRBs covering 700 districts with more than 22,000 branches. Around 92 percent of these branches are located in rural and semi-urban areas.

 

2. PNB MetLife and Policybazaar Collaborate to Launch Pension Premier Multicap Fund: PNB MetLife India Insurance Company Limited has partnered with Policybazaar to launch the PNB MetLife Pension Premier Multicap Fund under its Unit-Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs).This new fund is designed to help customers build a robust retirement corpus while providing life insurance coverage, ensuring financial protection for families in unforeseen circumstances.The Pension Premier Multicap Fund is available with the PNB MetLife Smart Invest Pension Plan (UIN – 117L137V02), which combines wealth creation with life insurance. The fund is open for subscription from April 1 to April 15, 2025, at an initial Net Asset Value (NAV) of Rs. 10. After this period, it will be available at market value.

 

3. RBI launches verified WhatsApp channel to spread financial awareness: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has launched a WhatsApp channel that will provide financial information and updates to people, especially those in remote and underserved regions of the country.The channel marks an expansion of the regulator’s public awareness campaign titled ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ (RBI Says), which has been actively disseminating key messages about safe banking practices, consumer rights, and responsible financial behavior through multiple channels, including SMS, TV ads, digital media, and print.The verified WhatsApp account will serve as an additional channel through which the RBI can share timely and relevant information directly with users in a simple, secure, and convenient manner.The WhatsApp channel will deliver messages related to safe digital transactions, fraud prevention, banking rights, and policy updates. It is also expected to be a useful tool in debunking financial myths and misinformation that often circulate on social media, helping consumers make informed decision.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Achievements under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) as on 21.03.2025: Women Borrowers: A total of ₹49 lakh crore was disbursed under the Shishu category, ₹ 4.90 lakh crore under Kishor, and ₹ 0.85 lakh crore under the Tarun category.Minority Borrowers: The disbursements amounted to ₹25 lakh crore under Shishu, ₹ 1.32 lakh crore under Kishor, and ₹ 0.50 lakh crore under Tarun.New Entrepreneurs / Accounts:Shishu category: 8.21 crore accounts with a sanctioned amount of ₹24 lakh crore and disbursed amount of ₹ 2.20 lakh crore.

Kishor category: 2.05 crore accounts with ₹09 lakh crore sanctioned and ₹ 3.89 lakh crore disbursed.Tarun category: 45 lakh accounts with a sanctioned amount of ₹96 lakh crore and ₹ 3.83 lakh crore disbursed.