Daily GK Update- 21st May, 2024

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Operation Olivia’ Helps Protect 6.98 Lakh Olive Ridley Turtles In Odisha: Operation Olivia 2025 led by the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) successfully protected a record 6.98 lakh Olive Ridley turtles nesting at the Rushikulya river mouth in Odisha in February 2025.Conducted annually from November to May, Operation Olivia focuses on safe nesting for Olive Ridley turtles, especially along Gahirmatha Beach and nearby coastal areas in Odisha.Since inception, the ICG has conducted 5,387 surface patrols and 1,768 aerial surveillance missions, detaining 366 boats for illegal fishing, significantly reducing threats to marine life.ICG also partners with local fishing communities and NGOs, promoting Turtle Excluder Devices and sustainable practices through MoUs to enhance long-term marine conservation.

 

2. Telangana CM Revanth Launches ‘Indira Soura Giri Jala Vikasam’ Scheme: Telangana CM A Revanth launched the flagship scheme ‘Indira Soura Giri Jala Vikasam’ at Macharam village, pledging to develop Achampet Assembly constituency as a national role model, with a 100-day target to provide solar pump sets to farmers, especially in Podu lands.The government has spent ₹60,000 crore on farmer welfare, including a ₹500 bonus for fine variety paddy cultivators, 200 units of free power to 50 lakh poor families, and free RTC bus travel for women.

 

3. Union Minister Pralhad Joshi launches Depot Darpan, Anna Mitra, Anna Sahayata Apps: Union Minister Pralhad Joshi launched three new apps — Depot Darpan, Anna Mitra, and Anna Sahayata — aimed at modernizing India’s agricultural infrastructure and Public Distribution System through digital innovation.The apps will enhance efficiency, service quality, transparency, and accountability by integrating technologies like smart warehousing, CCTV, IoT sensors, and providing real-time grievance redressal in local languages.Depot Darpan helps officials monitor warehouse performance, Anna Sahayata enables citizens to register complaints via voice and messages, and Anna Mitra serves as a command center for ration distribution with detailed sales and inspection data.

 

4. Justice Kempaiah Somashekar Appointed Chief Justice of Manipur High Court: The President of India appointed Justice Kempaiah Somashekar, a Judge of the Karnataka High Court, as the Chief Justice of the Manipur High Court.The appointment was announced by Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal and followed the recommendation of a three-member collegium headed by Chief Justice of India B.R. Gavai, ahead of the retirement of the incumbent Chief Justice D. Krishnakumar.Justice Somashekar began his legal career in 1990, served as District and Sessions Judge from 1998, was appointed Additional Judge of Karnataka High Court in July 2016, and became a permanent judge in July 2018.

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. NCC Cadet successfully climbs Mount Everest for the third time: A ten-member mountaineering team of the National Cadet Corps (NCC) has successfully scaled Mount Everest (8,848.86 metres), the world’s highest peak.This marks NCC’s third successful expedition to Mount Everest, following previous feats in 2013 and 2016.This year’s team comprised an equal number of boy and girl cadets, all first-time climbers, selected through a rigorous national-level process. With an average age of just 19 years—and the youngest cadet being only 16—the team has been hailed for its exceptional determination, discipline, and endurance.

 

2. Banu Mushtaq Becomes First Kannada Author to Win International Booker Prize 2025 for ‘Heart Lamp’: Banu Mushtaq made history as the first Kannada author to win the International Booker Prize 2025 for her short story collection Heart Lamp, translated into English by Deepa Bhasthi.Heart Lamp contains 12 stories written between 1990 and 2023, focusing on the emotional struggles of Muslim women in southern India.The International Booker Prize celebrates fiction translated into English and published in the UK or Ireland; the £50,000 prize is shared equally between the author and the translator.Mushtaq’s win follows Geetanjali Shree’s 2022 victory with Tomb of Sand, and comes after the 2023 longlisting of Perumal Murugan’s Pyre (Tamil).The 2025 edition of the prize featured 13 first-time nominees, including landmark entries from Kannada, Romania, and Iraq, with Sophie Hughes making a record fifth appearance on the longlist.

 

3. 19 May – World Fair Play Day: World Fair Play Day is observed every year on 19th May to celebrate and promote the spirit of fairness and ethical behavior in sports and life.The day highlights the significance of honesty, respect, and integrity among athletes, coaches, and sports officials worldwide.On 1 July 2024 the General Assembly adopted Resolution A/RES/78/310, proclaiming May 19 as World Fair Play Day.

 

4. 20 May – World Metrology Day: World Metrology Day is celebrated every year on May 20th to commemorate the signing of the Metre Convention on May 20, 1875.This international treaty established a framework for global collaboration in the science of measurement, known as metrology.Theme 2025- Measurements for all times, for all peopleThe day highlights the importance of accurate measurements in science, industry, and everyday life, ensuring consistency and reliability worldwide.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Tapan Kumar Deka Gets One-Year Extension as Intelligence Bureau Chief Till June 2026: Intelligence Bureau chief Tapan Kumar Deka, a 1988-batch IPS officer and counter-terrorism expert, has been granted a one-year extension till June 2026, marking his second extension as IB chief since his appointment in June 2022.Deka has vast experience, having led counter-operations during the 26/11 Mumbai attacks and operations against terror groups like the Indian Mujahideen, and is known for expertise in terrorism cases linked to Pakistan, including responses like Operation Sindoor.The extension was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet under special rules allowing service beyond the retirement age of 60 in the public interest for key intelligence and administrative positions.

 

2. BEL signs contract with Army for Indigenous Counter-Drone System: Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and the Indian Army Air Defence have signed a contract for the Integrated Drone Detection and Interdiction System (IDDIS).The system, developed jointly by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and BEL, marks a significant milestone under the Government of India’s Make in India initiative.The IDDIS is designed to detect, track, and neutralise hostile drones, providing a crucial layer of protection against evolving aerial threats. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), has secured additional orders worth Rs 572 Crores since the last disclosure on 07th April 2025.Major orders received include Integrated Drone Detection and Interdiction System (IDDIS), Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Data Communication Unit (DCU) for attack guns, AI based solutions for ships, simulators, communication equipment, jammers, spares, services etc.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. India’s First Khelo India Beach Games Inaugurated by Mansukh Mandaviya at Diu’s Ghoghla Beach: Union Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurated the first-ever Khelo India Beach Games at Ghoghla Beach in the Union territory of Diu.More than 1000 athletes from across the country will compete in six medal events and two demonstration sports over the next six days.This is the first time the Beach Games are being held under the ever-expanding Khelo India umbrella. The medal events include beach soccer, beach volleyball, beach kabaddi, beach sepak takraw, pencak silat, and open water swimming. Two traditional demonstration sports – mallakhamb and tug-of-war will also be staged during the games.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. New Caledonia: After a failed attempt by French Overseas Minister Manuel Valls to establish a new political accord, uncertainty looms over the territory. The recent collapse of negotiations has intensified the ongoing debate about independence from France. GKToday explores the historical context, current challenges, and the implications of recent events. New Caledonia has a complex history marked by colonialism. France annexed the territory in 1853, initially using it as a penal colony. The 20th century saw attempts to integrate the Kanak people through policies like granting French citizenship in 1957. However, deep-rooted divisions persisted, leading to violent conflicts from 1984 to 1988. The emergence of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) during this period signified a growing demand for independence. 

2. Ancient Solar Storms: This event is now recognised as the most powerful solar storm ever detected. The study marks the significance of understanding ancient solar activity and its implications for current infrastructure. Researchers from the University of Oulu in Finland identified this ancient solar storm, which occurred around 12,350 BC. The team developed a climate-chemistry model to analyse solar particle storms during the last Ice Age. Their findings reveal that this storm was 18 per cent stronger than the previously known strongest storm from AD 775. The study utilised tree-ring data to confirm the strength of the ancient event. By assessing radiocarbon levels preserved in ancient wood samples, researchers established a distinct isotopic signature. The 12,350 BC event was found to be over 500 times more intense than the notable 2005 solar particle storm.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. MGNREGA Employment Challenges in 2024-25: MGNREGA aims to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household. It was established to enhance livelihood security in rural areas. The scheme is crucial for alleviating poverty and improving rural infrastructure. In 2024-25, registered households under MGNREGA rose by 8.6 per cent. However, the actual employment generated fell by 7.1 per cent. The average workdays per household also decreased by 4.3 per cent. Only 7 per cent of households managed to complete the guaranteed 100 days of work. The report revealed stark regional disparities. Odisha experienced the most decline in employment at 34.8 per cent. Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan followed with decreases of 25.1 per cent and 15.9 per cent, respectively. Conversely, states like Maharashtra and Himachal Pradesh reported increases in employment.

 

2. Financial Fraud Risk Indicator: The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) to combat cyber fraud and financial crime. This initiative is part of the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP) aimed at empowering financial institutions with actionable intelligence. The FRI categorises mobile numbers based on their risk of financial fraud, aiding in the prevention of cyber crime. Advance notifications are crucial in combatting cyber fraud. The Digital Intelligence Unit (DIU) provides a Mobile Number Revocation List (MNRL) to stakeholders. This list includes mobile numbers disconnected due to cyber crime involvement or failed re-verification. The swift identification of high-risk numbers allows financial institutions to take immediate protective actions before fraudulent transactions occur.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Eliise Randmaa Creates History as Miss Estonia Wins Miss World 2025 Sports Challenge: Miss Eliise Randmaa (Estonia) made history by winning the Miss World 2025 Sports Challenge at Gachibowli Stadium, Hyderabad — Estonia’s first advancement to the next round since 1999.The event featured 108 contestants in regional teams, competing in diverse athletic events like badminton, shot put, chess, football, sprints, and Zumba, emphasizing fitness, health, and resilience.Miss Aurélie Joachim (Martinique) won silver, Miss Emma Morrison (Canada) took bronze, and Miss Anna-Lise Nanton (Trinidad and Tobago) secured fourth place with commendable performances. The event began with cultural performances including Mallakhamb, gymnastics, yoga, martial arts, and skating, inaugurated by Telangana’s Tourism Minister Jupally Krishna Rao, with BCCI VP Rajeev Shukla as chief guest.

 

Daily GK Update- 20th May, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Dr. Jitendra Singh Launches Digital Civil List 2025 with Enhanced AI Features: Jitendra Singh launched the 70th edition of the Civil List, 2025 as an e-book, marking the fifth fully digital version; the list is a comprehensive directory of serving IAS officers across India, published by the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT).The e-Civil List features enhanced digital tools, including embedded hyperlinks and searchable options, with proposed AI-based domain-specific search functionalities for better officer identification in mission-mode governance.The 2025 edition includes new additions such as officers’ photographs and details like batch, cadre, posting, pay level, educational qualifications, and retirement dates; it also offers historical data from 1969 and projected retirements over the next five years.Aligned with the Digital India mission, this eco-friendly initiative discontinues hard copies to reduce government expenditure and promote digital governance, reflecting the Centre’s focus on modernization and transparency.

 

2. Tenure of ‘Superspy’ Tapan Kumar Deka Extended as Intelligence Bureau Chief: Tapan Kumar Deka, a veteran Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, has been granted a one-year extension as Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB), India’s premier domestic intelligence agency. The extension, effective until June 2026, was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet and comes in recognition of his critical contributions to national security. His continued leadership has been sanctioned under a special provision allowing service extensions in the public interest beyond the typical retirement age of 60 years. Deka, an IPS officer of the 1988 batch from the Himachal Pradesh cadre, is widely regarded as one of India’s foremost intelligence operatives. Popularly referred to as a “superspy,” he has earned a formidable reputation over decades of service, especially for his role in counterterrorism and internal security. Appointed IB chief in 2022, his original two-year term was extended in 2024, with the current extension marking continued trust in his capabilities at the highest levels of government.

 

3. Indus And Sutlej Rivers: The Indus River begins at the Seng Khabab glacier near Mount Kailash in Tibet. It flows through Ladakh and into Pakistan, covering around 3,180 kilometres. The Sutlej River starts at the Longchen Khabab glacier and travels approximately 1,450 kilometres. Both rivers are essential for agriculture and hydroelectric power in the region. China has constructed hydroelectric plants near the sources of these rivers. Facilities like Senge Tsangpo and a barrage at Zada Gorge can manipulate water flow. This capability raises concerns about potential shortages for India and Pakistan. China has previously halted river flows as a geopolitical strategy, as seen in the Brahmaputra case.

 

4. India’s Total Fertility Rate Trends: Total Fertility Rate is a demographic measure. It estimates the average number of children a woman will have during her reproductive years, typically aged 15 to 49. The TFR is derived from age-specific fertility rates, which assess the number of children born to women in specific age groups. The SRS survey is the largest demographic study in India, involving about 84 lakh individuals across various states and Union Territories. The SRS report includes several fertility indicators. These include the Crude Birth Rate (CBR), General Fertility Rate, Age-Specific Fertility Rate, and Gross Reproduction Rate. The CBR measures live births per 1,000 people, while the General Fertility Rate focuses on births per 1,000 women of reproductive age. The report indicates that India’s CBR is 19.3 for 2021, reflecting a consistent decline of 1.12% annually since 2016.

 

5. Revamped Multi Agency Centre: Recently inaugurated by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, the revamped MAC serves as a national intelligence-sharing fusion centre. It aims to improve coordination among various state and central agencies in combating terrorism and other security threats. The MAC was initially established in 2001 following the Kargil conflict and was strengthened after the 2008 Mumbai attacks. The MAC is designed to facilitate the sharing, storing, collating, and analysis of intelligence inputs related to terrorism. It focuses on four main areas – Jammu & Kashmir, Northeast India, Left-Wing Extremism (LWE), and the Rest of India. The centre integrates 28 organisations, including the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and armed forces, to ensure real-time intelligence sharing.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. TCS ranked among World’s top 100 most valuable brands in Kantar BrandZ 2025 Report: Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), India’s most valued information technology services company by market capitalisation and also one of the largest private sector employers, has been named one of the 100 most valuable brands globally in the 2025 Kantar BrandZ Most Valuable Global Brands Report.In the special 20th edition of the Kantar BrandZ report unveiled at a ceremony in New York, TCS was assigned a brand value of $57.3 billion, reflecting a strong 28% year-on-year growth.TCS now holds the 45th position in the global rankings, which feature the most recognised and influential brands across industries.This year’s growth underscores a significant surge in brand equity, favorability, and global recognition. According to an independent brand audit by Momentum-ITSMA, TCS has achieved 95% aided brand awareness among business decision-makers across 26 countries—an extraordinary rise from just 29% in 2010.

 

2. Honduras Opens Embassy in New Delhi: The Republic of Honduras officially inaugurated its embassy in New Delhi, with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Honduran Foreign Minister Eduardo Enrique Reina García leading the ceremony.The opening of the embassy marks a significant milestone in India-Honduras bilateral relations, aimed at boosting trade, development cooperation, and strategic collaboration.The new diplomatic mission is expected to strengthen political, economic, and cultural exchanges between the two countries, expanding India’s outreach in Central America.

 

3. Arunabha Ghosh Appointed South Asia Envoy for COP-30 Climate Summit in Brazil: Arunabha Ghosh, CEO of the Delhi-based think tank CEEW (Council on Energy, Environment and Water), has been appointed as the South Asia envoy for the upcoming UN Climate Conference (COP-30) to be held in Brazil in November 2025.He is one of eight international envoys selected to represent strategic global regions and will work to ensure strong representation of South Asian perspectives in climate negotiations.Other prominent envoys include global figures like Jacinda Ardern, Patricia Espinosa, Laurence Tubiana, and Adnan Amin, highlighting the significance of the role.

 

4. 17 May – World Hypertension Day: World Hypertension Day is observed on 17th May every year to spread awareness about high blood pressure and encourage early detection and management.Theme 2025 – Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live LongerThis year marks the 20th anniversary of this observance, under the compelling theme, Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer.World Hypertension Day was started in 2005 by the World Hypertension League (WHL), a non-governmental organisation focused on fighting high blood pressure worldwide.

 

5. 20 May – World Bee Day: World Bee Day is observed every year on 20th May to raise awareness about the importance of bees and other pollinators for the ecosystem and food security.Theme 2025 -Bee inspired by nature to nourish us all The date marks the birth anniversary of Anton Janša, a Slovenian beekeeper who is considered a pioneer of modern beekeeping. The day emphasizes the crucial role bees play in pollination, biodiversity, and agriculture.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Indian Army Conducts Teesta Prahar Exercise in West Bengal: The Indian Army conducted a large-scale field exercise named ‘Teesta Prahar’ at the Teesta field firing range, demonstrating high operational readiness in riverine terrain with participation from various combat and support arms.The exercise involved Infantry, Artillery, Armoured Corps, Mechanised Infantry, Para SF, Army Aviation, Engineers, and Signals, showcasing synergy and jointness among forces.A major highlight was the deployment and validation of next-gen weapon systems and battlefield technologies, reflecting the Army’s push towards modernization and readiness for dynamic combat scenarios.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Max Verstappen wins Emilia Romagna Grand Prix 2025: Red Bull’s Max Verstappen took a dominant victory in the Emilia-Romagna Grand Prix.Verstappen took his second win of the season, and first since last month’s Japanese Grand Prix.He competes under the Dutch flag in Formula One for Red Bull Racing.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. GeM Celebrates 8th Incorporation Day with Launch of GeMAI: On its 8th Incorporation Day, GeM unveiled GeMAI, India’s first generative AI-powered chatbot in the public sector. It supports both voice and text interactions in 10 Indian languages, enhancing user experience and accessibility.GeM’s inclusive approach has led to the onboarding of over 10 lakh MSEs, 1.84 lakh women entrepreneurs, 1.3 lakh artisans/weavers, and 31,000+ startups, strengthening its role as a bridge between government buyers and grassroots-level sellers.With 1.64 lakh primary buyers, 4.2 lakh sellers, and over 10,000 product categories, GeM has grown threefold in recent years and helped achieve nearly 10% cost savings in government procurement, validated by the World Bank and Economic Survey.

 

2. Kerala Becomes First State to Mandate Robotics Education for All Class 10 Students: Kerala becomes the first state in India to make robotics education mandatory for all 4.3 lakh Class 10 students, starting June 2, 2025, through the ICT textbook chapter “The World of Robots.”The curriculum includes hands-on activities like circuit building, sensor integration, and coding using robotic kits (29,000 already distributed) with components like Arduino, IR sensors, and servo motors.Students will also develop AI-powered smart home projects, including face-recognition smart doors using Pictoblocks software, webcams, and Arduino kits.KITE (Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education) is spearheading the initiative, having trained nearly 9,924 teachers and planning more training and support for unaided schools in July.

 

3. Breakthrough in Sodium-Ion Battery Technology: The race for efficient energy storage has intensified as the world moves towards electrification. Traditional lithium-ion batteries have been the backbone of this shift. However, their high costs and limited lithium resources pose challenges. Recently, a team of researchers in Bengaluru has developed an innovative sodium-ion battery that promises faster charging and greater longevity. They engineered a new anode material, Na₁.₀V₀.₂₅Al₀.₂₅Nb₁.₅(PO₄)₃, optimising it through three critical enhancements. This new technology could reshape the future of energy storage. The innovations included reducing particle size to the nanoscale. This increases the surface area available for sodium ions. A thin carbon coating was also added to improve conductivity. Additionally, a small amount of aluminium was incorporated to enhance the anode material. These changes allow sodium ions to move more quickly and safely.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. SEBI mandates e-book mechanism for pvt debt securities above ₹20 cr: SEBI mandates the Electronic Book Provider (EBP) platform for private placement debt issues of ₹20 crore or more, including debt securities, non-convertible redeemable preference shares, and municipal bonds, reducing the earlier threshold of ₹50 crore.The EBP platform now covers Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Small and Medium REITs (SM REITs), and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) for private placement of units, as well as securitised debt instruments, security receipts, commercial papers, and certificates of deposit.Issuers must submit a placement memorandum and term sheet two working days (three for first-time users) before the issue opens, detailing base issue size, green shoe option (capped at five times base size), and past green shoe allocations.

 

2. ICRA Projects India’s GDP Growth at 6.3% for FY2024- 25: ICRA projected India’s GDP growth at 6.9% for Q4 FY2025 and 3% for the full fiscal year 2024-25, below the National Statistics Office’s (NSO) earlier estimate of 6.5% for FY25.To meet the NSO’s 6.5% growth target for FY25, Q4 GDP growth needed to reach 7.6%, but ICRA expects it to fall short at 6.9%, indicating a slowdown from earlier quarters.

 

3. SBM Bank India Partners with ICICI Prudential Life Insurance to Expand Retail Banking and Insurance Offerings: SBM Bank India has formed a strategic partnership with ICICI Prudential Life Insurance to enhance retail banking by offering a wide range of insurance, savings, and wealth creation products.The collaboration follows a bancassurance model, enabling customers to buy insurance easily via SBM Bank’s 22 branches and digital platforms, simplifying access to life insurance and financial solutions.SBM Bank’s dual strategy of expanding physical branches and leveraging digital channels complements this alliance, strengthening its position as the first universal bank licensed under the WOS model in India.Both institutions expect the partnership to boost product diversity, deepen customer engagement, and extend ICICI Prudential’s reach, providing customers with convenient, trusted financial protection through SBM Bank.

 

Daily GK Update- 19th May, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Nirmala Sitharaman Inaugurates ‘Corporate Bhavan’ in Kolkata: Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated the Corporate Bhavan in New Town, Kolkata, which brings together key offices of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs like RD (East), RoC, NCLT, IBBI, SFIO, and the Official Liquidator under one roof.The facility aims to serve as a single-window interface for companies, startups, auditors, and investors, enhancing regulatory services and boosting the ease of doing business by cutting costs and improving operational efficiency.The first-ever Prime Minister Internship Scheme (PMIS) Facilitation Centre was also launched at the Bhavan to help eligible youth (aged 21–24) access internship opportunities, receive career guidance, and navigate the application process.Built at a cost of ₹150.43 crores, the seven-storey Corporate Bhavan spans 13,239 sq. meters and is equipped with features like energy-efficient systems, CO₂ sensors, waste recycling, smart parking, and a focus on occupant well-being.

 

2. ASI Completes Restoration of 16th-Century Rajon ki Baoli Stepwell in Delhi: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), in collaboration with the World Monuments Fund India (WMFI) and the TCS Foundation, completed the conservation of Rajon ki Baoli (a 16th-century Lodi-era stepwell in Mehrauli Archaeological Park, New Delhi), preserving its historical and architectural integrity using traditional materials and techniques.The restoration project focused on cleaning, desilting, structural repairs, and water quality improvement, including introducing fish for ecological balance, and was part of WMFI’s Historic Water Systems of India initiative, aligned with climate heritage conservation.Alongside physical restoration, ASI and partners engaged local communities through educational and participatory programs to raise awareness about the Baoli’s cultural and ecological significance; Rajon ki Baoli is now open to the public for visits.

 

3. Rajiv Ranjan Lays Foundation Stone for ₹100-Crore Integrated Aqua Park in Tripura: Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh laid the foundation stone for an Integrated Aqua Park in Unakoti district, Tripura, with an estimated cost of ₹100 crore under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY).The Aqua Park aims to enhance fish production in Tripura, which currently faces a deficit, and is expected to add approximately 2,500 metric tonnes of fish annually.The project supports the government’s vision of making states self-reliant in fisheries and aligns with the broader goal of strengthening the Blue Economy.It is expected to generate significant employment opportunities and boost the economic development of the region by promoting local fish farming and allied activities.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Minister of State for Defence to lead Indian delegation at LIMA 2025 in Malaysia: Minister of State for Defence, Sanjay Seth, will lead the Indian delegation to LIMA 2025 in Langkawi, Malaysia (May 20–24), where a dedicated Indian Pavilion will be inaugurated to showcase India’s defence innovation and self-reliance.Key Indian defence PSUs like HAL, BDL, BEML, and private firms will exhibit cutting-edge aerospace and maritime technologies; a Dornier aircraft and an Indian Naval Ship will also be featured.Minister Seth will hold bilateral talks with the Malaysian Defence Minister to enhance defence cooperation under the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between India and Malaysia.

 

2. 17 May – World Telecommunication and Information Society Day: World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD) is celebrated annually on 17 May to raise awareness about the importance of telecommunications and information technology (ICT) in society.The day highlights how digital technologies and communication tools can bridge the digital divide, promote social and economic development, and foster innovation globally.Since 1969, World Telecommunication Day has been observed on May 17 to commemorate the foundation of the ITU and the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention in 1865.

 

3. 18 May – World AIDS Vaccine Day: World AIDS Vaccine Day is observed every year on 18 May to recognize the efforts of scientists, researchers, and health professionals who are working to develop a safe and effective vaccine against HIV/AIDS.Theme 2025 – Immunize. InspireIt marks the anniversary of a speech given by U.S. President Bill Clinton on 18 May 1997, where he emphasized the need for an AIDS vaccine during a commencement address at Morgan State University, USA.

 

4. Perito Moreno Glacier: The Perito Moreno glacier, located in Argentina, is experiencing alarming changes. Recently, it lost a massive ice block, raising concerns about its stability. This glacier, known for its dramatic ice calving events, has become a focal point for discussions on climate change and its impacts. The Perito Moreno glacier, often referred to as the ‘White Giant’, is situated near El Calafate in Santa Cruz, Argentina. It spans approximately 250 square kilometres and is freshwater source for the country. Formed during the last Ice Age around 18,000 years ago, it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1981. Ice calving is a natural process where chunks of ice break off from the glacier and fall into the water. This phenomenon has been a spectacle for tourists since at least 1917. The sounds and sights of these events attract visitors worldwide. However, recent years have seen larger ice chunks breaking off, indicating potential instability.

 

5. UN’s Global Report on Food Crises: In 2024, the world faced an alarming rise in acute hunger. The UN’s Global Report on Food Crises brought into light that over 295 million people across 53 nations experienced severe food shortages. This marked the sixth consecutive year of increasing hunger levels. Conflict, economic shocks, and climate change were identified as primary contributors to this crisis. The situation is particularly dire in regions like the Gaza Strip, South Sudan, and Haiti. The report revealed that 22.6% of the assessed population faced acute food insecurity in 2024. This was an increase of 13.7 million from the previous year. The number of individuals experiencing famine rose to 1.9 million, more than double the figure from 2023. Conflict was the leading cause, impacting around 140 million people in 20 countries.

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Arti Sarin and Sadhna S Nair Inaugurate Advanced Femto-LASIK Suite at Army Hospital Delhi Cantt: DG, Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) Surgeon Vice Admiral Arti Sarin and DG, Medical Services (Army) Lt Gen Sadhna S Nair have inaugurated the state-of-the-art Femto-LASIK Suite at Army Hospital (Research and Referral), Delhi Cantt.This advanced laser technology provides a customised range of treatment for spectacle removal for young and middle-aged adult patients. It also underscores the Armed Forces’ dedication to cutting-edge medical care and patient welfare.The achievement of this milestone represents a significant leap forward in managing borderline cases of refractive error and various corneal diseases. Army Hospital (R&R) is the apex centre of AFMS.

 

2. India Launches ‘Sagar Mein Samman’ to Boost Women’s Participation in Maritime Sector: Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal has launched the ‘Sagar Mein Samman’ (SMS) policy in Mumbai to promote a gender-equitable maritime workforce, aiming to enhance women’s participation in all maritime roles—from seafaring to leadership positions.The SMS initiative aligns with the Government’s DEI (Diversity, Equity and Inclusion) objectives and covers areas like training, governance, safety, skill development, and leadership to create a more inclusive maritime environment.From 2014 to 2024, the number of registered women seafarers surged by 739% (from 1,699 to 14,255), and those receiving financial aid rose from 45 to 732 annually, showing significant growth driven by government support.The event marked the International Day for Women in Maritime and included the felicitation of 10 outstanding women from the Indian maritime sector, showcasing India’s progress and commitment to gender inclusion in the industry.

 

3. Operation Gideon’s Chariots: Operation Gideon’s Chariots derives its name from a biblical figure known for his military prowess. The operation’s primary objective is to compel Hamas to release the remaining hostages while simultaneously diminishing the group’s influence in Gaza. Israeli authorities believe that out of the 57 hostages, around 23 may still be alive. Thousands of Israeli troops, including reservists, are mobilised for the operation. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has stated that the goal is to dismantle Hamas, which has governed Gaza for nearly two decades. The ground operation was strategically timed to commence after President Trump’s Middle East tour concluded.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Bologna Clinches First Italian Cup Title in 51 Years with 1-0 Win Over AC Milan: Bologna ended a 51-year wait for a major trophy by beating AC Milan 1-0 to win the Italian Cup (Coppa Italia). The only goal was scored by Dan Ndoye, who had just returned from injury.This is Bologna’s first Italian Cup win since 1974. The club is owned by Canadian Joey Saputo.

 

2. Sunil Gavaskar Inaugurates ‘10000 Gavaskar’ Board Room at BCCI Headquarters in Mumbai: India cricket legend Sunil Gavaskar inaugurated a board room named “10000 Gavaskar” at theBCCI headquarters in Mumbai, honoring his iconic achievement.The event was attended by BCCI President Roger Binny, Vice-President Rajeev Shukla, and Secretary Devajit Saikia, celebrating Gavaskar’s milestone as the first batter to reach 10,000 Test runs.Gavaskar finished his career with 10,122 Test runs, 34 centuries, and an average above 51, while his arecord for most Test hundreds was later surpassed by Sachin Tendulkar, who also has a dedicated room at BCCI HQ.Sunil Gavaskar played for India from 1971 to 1987 and is regarded as one of the best batsmen in cricket history.

 

3. India Beat Bangladesh 4-3 to Lift 2025 SAFF U-19 Football Title: India clinched the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Under-19 Championship 2025, beating Bangladesh 4-3 in a penalty shootout in the final at the Yupia Outdoor Stadium in Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh.The home team defeated the reigning champions after a 1-1 equaliser, which led to the penalty shootout. India’s Shami Singamayum successfully netted the decisive penalty, helping the home side to lift the title.India emerged as the favourites in the tournament with dominant wins over Sri Lanka, Nepal and the Maldives in the semifinals before making it to the finals.

 

4. R Praggnanandhaa Wins Superbet Chess Classic After Thrilling Three-Way Tiebreak: Indian Grandmaster R Praggnanandhaa won the Superbet Chess Classic in Bucharest, Romania, by prevailing in a tense three-way tiebreak against Alireza Firouzja and Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, after all three tied at 5.5 points in nine rounds.The first two tiebreak games between Praggnanandhaa, Firouzja, and Vachier-Lagrave ended in draws, but Praggnanandhaa secured victory by winning the decisive third game against Vachier-Lagrave.World Champion D Gukesh finished ninth with 4 points, drawing his final game against Fabiano Caruana; the next Grand Chess Tour event, SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz, will take place in Croatia starting July 1.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. PSLV-C61 Mission Failure: The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is one of ISRO’s primary launch vehicles. It has been operational since the 1990s. The PSLV is designed to deploy satellites into various orbits. It supports Earth observation, navigation, and geostationary missions. The PSLV has a remarkable success rate, having completed 63 launches before the recent failure. The PSLV has experienced two previous failures. The first was in 1993 during the inaugural flight, where onboard software issues caused the mission to crash into the ocean. The second failure occurred in 2017, when the heat shield failed to separate. This prevented the IRNSS-1H satellite from being deployed into its intended orbit. Both failures highlight the challenges faced in space missions.

 

2. NASA’s GRAIL Mission: Recent findings from NASA’s GRAIL mission have revealed differences between the Moon’s two hemispheres. The study indicates that the nearside of the Moon, which faces Earth, is geologically distinct from the far side. This discovery sheds light on the Moon’s formation and internal structure. The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission aimed to map the Moon’s gravitational field. Launched in 2011, it consisted of two twin spacecraft named Ebb and Flow. They orbited the Moon and collected data on its gravity by measuring the distance between them. This innovative technique provided unprecedented vital information about the Moon’s interior.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. RBI Surplus Transfer: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) plays important role in the Indian economy. Its surplus transfer to the government is for fiscal planning. The RBI is expected to transfer between ₹2.5 lakh crore and ₹3 lakh crore for the 2024-25 accounting year. This follows a record transfer of ₹2.11 lakh crore in the previous year. The RBI earns income through various channels. It invests in foreign currency assets, including bonds and treasury bills. It also earns interest from local government securities. Additionally, the RBI charges a management commission for handling government borrowings. Its primary expenditures include printing currency and staff salaries.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. President Murmu Confers 58th Jnanpith Award on Sanskrit Scholar Jagadguru Rambhadracharya: President Droupadi Murmu conferred the 58th Jnanpith Award on Sanskrit scholar Jagadguru Rambhadracharya at a ceremony in New Delhi; Gulzar, a renowned Urdu poet and lyricist, was also selected for the 2023 award but could not attend due to health reasons.Murmu also commended the Bharatiya Jnanpith Trust for its continuous efforts since 1965 in honoring outstanding writers across Indian languages, thereby preserving the prestige and dignity of Indian literature.

 

Daily GK Update- 18th May, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. DST Launches India’s First-Ever Carbon Capture Testbeds in Cement Sector to Accelerate Net Zero Goals: DST has launched five Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) testbeds in India’s cement sector, aiming to support decarbonisation in one of the country’s most carbon-intensive industries through an innovative Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model involving academia and top cement companies.The initiative supports India’s 2070 Net Zero goal by developing technology that captures CO₂ from cement plants and converts it into useful products like concrete blocks, olefins, and construction materials, using cutting-edge methods such as catalysis, mineralization, and vacuum swing adsorption. Testbeds are being set up in collaboration with premier institutions such as IIT Kanpur, IIT Bombay, IIT Madras, BITS Pilani, IISc, and others, along with leading industry players like JK Cement, JSW Cement, Dalmia Cement, and Ultratech Cement, focusing on pilot-scale industrial deployment.

 

2. ReNew Power Commits ₹22,000 Crore for India’s Largest Renewable Energy Complex in Andhra Pradesh: ReNew Power is investing approximately ₹22,000 crore in India’s largest single-site renewable energy (RE) complex at Bethapalle village, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, with a ground-breaking ceremony scheduled for May 16, attended by IT & HRD Minister Nara Lokesh.The project, located in Guntakal Assembly constituency, will have Phase-I capacities of 587 MW solar, 250 MW wind, and a 415 MWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), costing around ₹7,000 crore; the total capacity across all phases will reach 1,800 MW solar, 1,000 MW wind, and 2,000 MWh BESS.The investment contributes to Andhra Pradesh’s target of 72 GW renewable energy capacity by 2029 and complements recent major clean energy investments by companies like Tata Power, NTPC, Vedanta’s Serentica, Brookfield, and SAEL, amounting to several lakh crores and thousands of MWs in capacity.

 

3. Syndicate Bank Appoints Arun Shrivastava as MD and CEO: Arun Shrivastava has been appointed as Managing Director and CEO of Syndicate Bank, ending a nine-month leadership vacancy caused by the arrest of the previous CMD, S K Jain, in a graft case.Shrivastava brings over 30 years of banking experience, having worked at Bank of Baroda and Bank of India, where he managed key portfolios including corporate debt restructuring, international operations, and credit monitoring.His appointment aims to restore stability and confidence in Syndicate Bank, helping it navigate challenges, improve asset quality, and achieve growth amid changing regulatory conditions.

 

4. Shillong-Silchar Highway: The Shillong-Silchar Highway project is set to transform connectivity in North-East India. This 166.8 km four-lane highway will connect Mawlyngkhung in Meghalaya to Panchgram in Assam. It is the first high-speed corridor in the region and is expected to be completed by 2030. The project aims to reduce travel time and enhance economic activity. The Shillong-Silchar Highway is a critical infrastructure initiative by the National Highways & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL). It is part of India’s broader  aiming to enhance trade and connectivity with South-East Asia. The project will facilitate the movement of goods and people across the North-East, which is currently reliant on the Siliguri Corridor.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. China Revamps Military Education with New Academies to Boost Defence Modernisation: China is restructuring its military education by establishing three new academies — PLA Ground Force Service Academy, PLA Information Support Force Engineering University, and PLA Joint Logistics Support Force Engineering University — to train specialised talent for its newest branches, the Information Support Force (ISF) and Joint Logistics Support Force (JLSF).These academies will be located in Hefei, Wuhan, and Chongqing, and will begin enrolling high school graduates, aligning military training with the evolving structure of China’s armed forces.The ISF, responsible for military communications and networks, and the JLSF, focusing on nationwide logistics integration, were created after the PLA disbanded its Strategic Support Force in April 2024 as part of a broader reorganisation.China has boosted its 2025 defence budget by 7.2% to about $245 billion and is constructing a massive new military command centre near Beijing to support its goal of building a “world-class” military by 2049, with modernisation targeted by 2027.

 

2. Anurag Bhushan Appointed as India’s Next Ambassador to Sweden: Anurag Bhushan, a 1995 batch Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer and currently serving as Additional Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs, has been appointed as India’s next Ambassador to Sweden.Mr Bhushan belongs to the 1995 batch of the Indian Foreign Service and has held a range of diplomatic and administrative roles during his nearly three-decade-long career.

 

3. 16 May – International Day of Light: International Day of Light is celebrated annually on 16 May to recognize the role light plays in science, culture, art, education, and sustainable development.The date marks the anniversary of the first successful operation of the laser in 1960 by physicist Theodore Maiman, which revolutionized science and technology.The day promotes awareness about how light science can contribute to global challenges such as climate change, health, and energy efficiency.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. The Resistance Front: India’s government is compiling a dossier for the UNSC. This dossier includes intelligence, digital forensics, and investigative findings. The aim is to demonstrate TRF’s terrorist activities and its operational links to Pakistan. Indian officials assert that TRF recruits local youth into militancy. The UNSC 1267 Sanctions Committee was established in 1999 to impose sanctions on entities linked to Al-Qaeda and ISIS. The committee implements travel bans, asset freezes, and arms embargoes. Listing an entity can severely restrict its operations and financial resources. A member state must propose a listing to the sanctions committee, including evidence of terrorist involvement. The process requires consensus from all 15 committee members. This consensus requirement can be influenced by geopolitical factors, often leading to delays or rejections of proposals. TRF has been implicated in various violent incidents in Kashmir. Investigations reveal its use of digital channels for recruitment and coordination. The group initially claimed responsibility for the Pahalgam attack but later retracted this claim, suggesting external influence on its operations.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Srihari becomes India’s 86th Grandmaster: Tamil Nadu’s L.R. Srihari, a 19-year-old B.Com student from SRM (Vadapalani), has become India’s 86th Grandmaster, securing his final GM norm at the Asian Individual Championships in Al-Ain after nearly a year of close attempts across nine tournaments.Srihari had already crossed the 2500 Elo rating during the Dubai Open 2023 and achieved his first two GM norms at the Sixdays Budapest GM Round-Robin and the 2023 Qatar Masters.

 

2. Mehidy Hasan Miraz and Kathryn Bryce Win ICC Players of the Month for April 2025: Bangladesh’s top all-rounder Mehidy Hasan Miraz was awarded the ICC Men’s Player of the Month for April 2025, recognizing his outstanding performance in the two-Test series against Zimbabwe.This is Mehidy’s first time winning the award, making him the third Bangladeshi cricketer to receive this honour after Mushfiqur Rahim and Shakib Al Hasan.Scotland captain Kathryn Bryce was named the ICC Women’s Player of the Month for April 2025, recognizing her exceptional performances during the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup Qualifier held in Pakistan.The 27-year-old all-rounder showcased consistent excellence with both bat and ball, playing a key role in leading Scotland to a strong and impressive performance in the tournament.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. EU and India Launch €41 Million Joint R&D Initiatives to Combat Marine Pollution and Advance Green Hydrogen Technologies: European Union (EU) and India launched two major research initiatives under the Trade and Technology Council (TTC) with a joint investment of €41 million (₹394 crore) to tackle marine pollution and develop waste-to-renewable hydrogen technologies, co-funded by EU’s Horizon Europe programme, MoES, and MNRE.The first initiative targets marine pollution, esspecially plastic litter, microplastics, and heavy metals, supporting UN Ocean Science Decade goals, India’s National Marine Litter Policy, and the EU’s Zero Pollution Action Plan.The second initiative promotes clean energy through the development of efficient and eco-friendly hydrogen production methods, advancing India-EU collaboration on climate action, energy security, and hydrogen innovation.Both calls are open to researchers, start-ups, industries, and NGOs from India and the EU, with deadlines in September 2025, and further joint calls are planned for 2026, including EV battery recycling and wastewater treatment, strengthening the long-term R&I strategic partnership between the two regions.

 

2. ‘Samudrayaan’: India’s first manned deep ocean mission to be launched by 2026 end: India’s first manned deep ocean mission, ‘Samudrayaan’, aims to explore depths of up to 6,000 meters using the indigenous submersible vehicle ‘Matsya’, carrying three scientists, with launch planned by the end of 2026.The advanced 25-tonne, titanium-hulled submersible is designed to withstand extreme oceanic pressure and temperature, marking a breakthrough in India’s deep-sea research, opening new possibilities in ocean resource assessment and tourism.An innovative technology named ‘Samudrajivah’ is under demonstration for large-scale open sea fish farming, equipped with sensors for remote monitoring of fish biomass, growth, movement, and water quality to enhance food security.Experts emphasized the integration of NIOT’s technology with marine research for a sustainable blue economy, highlighting the urgent need for technological advancements in mariculture, including seaweed cultivation and early warning systems for harmful marine phenomena.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. UN cuts India’s 2025 GDP growth forecast to 6.3%: The United Nations has lowered India’s economic growth projection for 2025 by 30 basis points, revising it to 6.3%, citing slower global growth due to heightened trade tensions and policy uncertainty.The growth forecast for 2026 was also cut by 30 basis points, now expected at 6.4%, but India continues to be one of the fastest-growing large economies supported by strong consumption and government spending.

 

2. HDFC Bank Launches ‘Biz+ Current Accounts’ for Growing Indian MSMEs: HDFC Bank has introduced ‘Biz+ Current Accounts,’ a tailored banking solution designed specifically to meet the evolving financial needs of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across India.The Biz+ accounts offer a comprehensive range of bundled services, including cash handling, digital banking platforms, and personalized support from dedicated relationship managers to aid businesses throughout their lifecycle.The bank’s focus with this launch is to provide value-based offerings that cater to both business and personal banking requirements, enhancing the overall banking experience for growing enterprises.

 

3. RBI Fines Deutsche Bank ₹50 Lakh, Yes Bank ₹29.6 Lakh for Regulatory Violations: The Reserve Bank of India imposed a monetary penalty of ₹50 lakh on Deutsche Bank AG, India, for failing to report certain borrower credit details to the Central Repository of Information on Large Credits (CRILC), violating RBI reporting norms.Yes Bank Limited was also fined ₹60 lakh by the RBI for not presenting complete and correct information regarding customer complaints in its Annual Financial Statements for the financial year 2023–24.