Daily GK Updates – 27th Jan, 2021

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. CM Shivraj Singh Chouhan launches ‘PANKH Abhiyan’ for Girl Child: In Madhya Pradesh, Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan has launched a new scheme ‘PANKH Abhiyan’ on 24 January, to mark the occasion of National Girl Child Day. The scheme has been launched under the ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ scheme for the empowerment and growth of the girl child. The CM also announced scholarships worth Rs 6.47 crore for 26,099 girls under Ladli Laxmi Yojana. ‘PANKH Abhiyan’ is a year-long programme. The letter in the PANKH scheme stands for:

‘P’ – protection

‘A’ – awareness of their rights

‘N’ – nutrition

‘K’ – knowledge

‘H’ – health.

Note: Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh: Shivraj Singh Chouhan; Governor: Anandiben Patel.

 

2. UP becomes first Indian State to have 2 Expressway airstrips: In Uttar Pradesh, a new 3,300-metre-long airstrip has been constructed near Kurebhar on Purvanchal Expressway. With this new airstrip, Uttar Pradesh has become the first state in India having two airstrips on expressways. Uttar Pradesh also has an airstrip on Lucknow-Agra Expressway. Airstrips on expressways are designed to facilitate emergency landing and take-off of fighter planes.

Important facts: Earlier, the Indian Air Force had examined Yamuna Expressway and Agra Expressway. Aircraft like Mirage 2000, Jaguar, Sukhoi 30 and Super Hercules had already landed on Lucknow-Agra Expressway. Uttar Pradesh government is trying to connect the entire northern part of the country with expressways. The Hindon and Agra airbases of the Indian Air Force will be able to use the runway of all three expressways if needed. Also, these airstrips of Uttar Pradesh can serve the Air Force to respond against China and Pakistan in case of any war.

Note: Uttar Pradesh Capital: Lucknow; Uttar Pradesh Governor: Anandiben Patel; Uttar Pradesh Chief minister: Yogi Adityanath.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Portugal President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa wins second term: The incumbent President of Portugal, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa has won a second five-year term after winning the 2021 Portuguese presidential election with a landslide victory. The 72-year-old former leader of the Social Democratic Party won 61 per cent of the total votes. He is serving as the President of the country since 9 March 2016 and would start his second term on March 9, 2021.

Note: Portugal Capital: Lisbon; Currency: Euro.

 

2. India Ranks 7th in Global Climate Risk Index 2021 of Germanwatch: India has been placed among the top 10 most affected countries by climate change, in the Global Climate Risk Index 2021 published by the Bonn-based environmental think tank Germanwatch. India ranked as the seventh worst-hit country in terms of climate change in 2019. The Global Climate Risk Index 2021 is the 16th edition of the annual report and has taken into account the data available for 2019 and from 2000 to 2019. The index analyses and ranks to what extent countries and regions have been affected by impacts of climate-related extreme weather events (storms, floods, heatwaves etc.)

Top 3 countries: Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Bahamas were the top three most affected countries in 2019 respectively.

Top 3 Countries most affected in the past 20 years: Between 2000-2019, Puerto Rico, Myanmar and Haiti were the countries most affected by the impacts of such weather events.

About the Global Climate Risk Index: The Global Climate Risk Index indicates a level of exposure and vulnerability to extreme weather events, which countries should understand as warnings in order to be prepared for more frequent and/or more severe events in the future.

 

3. China surpasses United States as largest recipient of FDI: China was the largest recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2020, according to a report released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). China overtook the United States to gain the top position in 2020. The country attracted $163 billion inflows in 2020, compared to $134 billion attracted by the United States. However, in 2019, the United States had received $251 billion in inflows and China received $140 billion. Overall, the global FDI had fallen by 42% in 2020, attracting an inflow of an estimated $859 billion, compared to $1.5 trillion in 2019.

Note: UNCTAD Headquarters location: Geneva, Switzerland; UNCTAD Head: Mukhisa Kituyi; UNCTAD Founder: United Nations General Assembly; UNCTAD Founded: 30 December 1964.

 

4. International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust: 27th January: International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust (International Holocaust Remembrance Day) is observed on 27 January every year since 2006 to commemorate the anniversary of the tragedy of the Holocaust that occurred during the Second World War. A genocide occurred during World War II in which Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered some six million European Jews, around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe, between 1941 and 1945. The theme of the International Holocaust Remembrance Day 2021 is “Facing the Aftermath: Recovery and Reconstitution after the Holocaust”. United Nations designated the day in 2005 to serve as a date for the official commemoration of the victims of the Nazi regime and to promote Holocaust education throughout the world.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

 

1. IMF revises India’s growth forecast to -8% in FY21: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has pegged the Indian economy to contract by 8 per cent in the current financial year 2020-21, in its latest World Economic Outlook, released on 26 January 2021. The IMF expects GDP of India to rise to 11.5 per cent in the next financial year i.e. 2021-22. Apart from this, the IMF projected the global growth to contract at 3.5 per cent in 2020. The global economy is projected to grow by 5.5 per cent in 2021 and 4.2 per cent in 2022 as per the IMF.

Note: IMF Headquarters: Washington, D.C. U.S; IMF Managing Director and Chairman: Kristalina Georgieva; IMF Chief Economist: Gita Gopinath.

 

2. UN projects Indian economy to grow at 7.3% in CY-2021: India’s economic growth is forecast to be 7.3 per cent in the Calendar Year 2021 by the UN. The Indian economy is estimated to contract by 9.6 per cent in the Calendar year 2020, as per the World Economic Situation and Prospects 2021, produced by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA). In addition to this, the global economy is estimated to shrink by 4.3 per cent in 2020. The UN has estimated the Global GDP to recover to 4.7 per cent in 2021.

Note: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Headquarters location: New York, United States; United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Head: Liu Zhenmin; United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Founded: 1948.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Ministry of Home Affairs Padma Awards 2021 announced: The Ministry of Home Affairs has announced a list of 119 personalities who will be conferred the Padma Awards by President Ram Nath Kovind this year. These awards cater to various disciplines including art, social work, public affairs, science and engineering, trade and industry, medicine, literature and education, sports and civil service. While ‘Padma Shri’ is awarded for distinguished service in any field, ‘Padma Bhushan’ is awarded for distinguished service of a high order.

On the other hand, ‘Padma Vibhushan’ is awarded for exceptional and distinguished service. Among the 2021 awardees, 29 are women, one is a transgender,10 are foreigners/NRIs/OCI and 16 have passed away. There will be no recipient of the Bharat Ratna in 2021. The Padma Awards shall be formally conferred by the President in the Rashtrapati Bhawan in March or April.

Padma Vibhushan awards List:

(1) Shinzo Abe, Japan

(2) S P Balasubramaniam (Posthumous), Tamil Nadu

(3) Belle Monappa Hegde, Karnataka

(4) Narinder Singh Kapany (Posthumous), USA

(5) Maulana Wahiduddin Khan, Delhi

(7) B. B. Lal, Delhi

(7) Sudarshan Sahoo, Odisha

 

Padma Bhushan Awards List:

(1) Krishnan Nair Shantakumari Chithra, Kerala

(2) Tarun Gogoi (Posthumous), Assam

(3) Chandrashekhar Kambara, Karnataka

(4) Sumitra Mahajan, Madhya Pradesh

(5) Nripendra Misra, Uttar Pradesh

(6) Ram Vilas Paswan (Posthumous), Bihar

(7) Keshubhai Patel (Posthumous), Gujarat

(8) Kalbe Sadiq (Posthumous), Uttar Pradesh

(9) Rajnikant Devidas Shroff, Maharashtra

(10) Tarlochan Singh, Haryana

 

DEFENCE

 

1. Indian Navy conducts exercise AMPHEX – 21 with Army and Air Force: A large-scale tri-service joint amphibious exercise AMPHEX – 21 was held in Andaman & Nicobar group of islands. The exercise involved the participation of troops of Army, Navy as well as the Indian Air Force. The exercise was aimed at validating India’s capabilities to safeguard the territorial integrity of its island territories. The joint force executed multi-domain, high-intensity offensive and defensive manoeuvres in the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal.

About the Exercise: The exercise involved multi-faceted maritime operations by synergised employment of amphibious assault ships, surveillance platforms, execution of maritime airstrikes and complex manoeuvres at sea. Airborne insertion of Marine Commandos of Navy and Special Forces of the Army, naval gunfire support, the amphibious landing of forces and follow-on operations also formed part of the exercise. The exercise AMPHEX – 21 was aimed at validating India’s capabilities to safeguard the territorial integrity of its island territories, enhance operational synergy and joint warfighting capabilities amongst the three Services. The exercise KAVACH for the defence of Andaman & Nicobar Islands was also a part of AMPHEX – 21.

 

OBITUARIES

 

1. Rajasthan Congress MLA Gajendra Singh Shaktawat passes away: Rajasthan Congress MLA from Vallabhnagar in Udaipur district, Gajendra Singh Shaktawat, has passed away after a prolonged illness. He was 48. Shaktawat is the fourth legislator of the current Rajasthan assembly to have died of illness in past six months.