Daily GK Update- 7th Nov, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. NITI Aayog Launches ‘Reimagining Agriculture’ Roadmap to Drive Frontier Tech-Led Transformation in Farming: NITI Aayog’s Frontier Tech Hub launched a roadmap titled “Reimagining Agriculture: A Roadmap for Frontier Technology Led Transformation” in Gandhinagar, outlining a vision to leverage advanced technologies to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.The roadmap emphasizes frontier technologies such as climate-resilient seeds, digital twins, precision agriculture, and Agentic AI, offering tailored solutions by classifying farmers into Aspiring, Transitioning, and Advanced categories.Developed with partners like BCG, Google, and CII, the roadmap aims to boost agricultural resilience, inclusive rural prosperity, and strengthen India’s global competitiveness in agri-tech innovation, aligning with the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.

 

2. Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy Launches Third Round (PLI 1.2) of Specialty Steel Incentive Scheme: Union Minister D. Kumaraswamy launched the third round (PLI 1.2) of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for Specialty Steel, aiming to boost investment, employment, and production in India’s advanced steel sector.The scheme has already attracted ₹43,874 crore in committed investments, created 30,760 jobs, and is expected to produce 14.3 million tonnes of specialty steel across key categories.The third round focuses on new-age and high-end products like super alloys, CRGO, stainless steel long and flat products, titanium alloys, and coated steels, to make India a global hub for specialty steel under the Atmanirbhar Bharat vision.Incentives ranging from 4% to 15% of incremental sales will be provided for up to five years (FY 2025–26 to FY 2029–30), with revised base year 2024–25, covering 22 sub-categories across five target segments.

 

3. National Biodiversity Authority disburses Rs 3 crore to Red Sanders farmers in Andhra Pradesh: The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) released Rs 3 crore to 198 farmers cultivating Red Sanders in Andhra Pradesh, along with an academic beneficiary from Andhra University, under the Access and Benefit-Sharing mechanism of the Biological Diversity Act.The disbursement was facilitated through the Andhra Pradesh State Biodiversity Board as part of NBA’s efforts to promote equitable benefit-sharing and sustainable use of India’s biological resources.The payment covers farmers from 48 villages across Chittoor, Nellore, Tirupati, and Cuddapah districts, who are cultivating and conserving Red Sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus), a rare and endemic tree species of southern India.

 

4. Asirvad Microfinance Appoints Gerard Pasangha as Co-CEO: Asirvad Microfinance Ltd, a subsidiary of Manappuram Finance Limited, has appointed Gerard David Manoj Pasangha as its Co-Chief Executive Officer (Co-CEO) to lead the company’s growth and innovation strategies.Based in Valapad, Kerala, Pasangha will focus on expansion, operational excellence, and innovation in Asirvad’s financial products and services.With over 30 years of experience in financial services, he has previously held senior roles at IIFL Samasta, ING Life India, and Bharat Financial Inclusion Ltd, where he contributed significantly to digital transformation and inclusive finance.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India Exports First Fortified Rice Kernel from Chhattisgarh to Costa Rica: India exported its first Fortified Rice Kernel (FRK) consignment from Chhattisgarh to Costa Rica, marking a significant step in linking the country’s nutrition programme with global markets.This initiative aligns with the ‘Kuposhan Mukt Bharat’ programme under Poshan Abhiyan, connecting domestic nutrition improvement efforts with international trade and creating new opportunities for Chhattisgarh’s farmers and exporters.Fortified Rice Kernel is enriched with essential micronutrients like iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12, highlighting India’s technical capabilities in food fortification and its contribution to global food security.

 

2. Amul bags ICA top cooperative ranking globally: Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd (GCMMF), marketing dairy products under the Amul brand, has been ranked as the world’s top cooperative based on GDP per capita performance by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) World Cooperative Monitor 2025.The recognition highlights Amul’s cooperative model that empowers millions of dairy farmers, promoting inclusive growth, social equity, and sustainable rural development across India.Along with Amul, India’s IFFCO (Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited) also ranks among the top cooperatives globally, demonstrating India’s resilience and leadership in the cooperative sector through sustainable practices, farmer empowerment, and technological innovation.The World Cooperative Monitor 2025 underscores that cooperatives like Amul and IFFCO drive equitable growth and resilience, showing that collective effort is a powerful tool for socio-economic transformation from local villages to the global stage.

 

3. India Withdraws from Ayni Airbase in Tajikistan, Ending Its Only Overseas Military Presence: India has fully withdrawn from the Ayni airbase in Tajikistan, ending its only overseas military presence after the lapse of a bilateral agreement for joint operation with Tajikistan around four years ago.The Congress termed the withdrawal a “setback” to India’s strategic diplomacy, with Jairam Ramesh noting that Ayni, established in the early 2000s, was crucial to New Delhi’s regional influence and strategic outreach in Central Asia.The Ayni base, located 10 km from Dushanbe, had been upgraded by India with enhanced runways, fuel depots, and air traffic control systems, and was last used in 2021 to evacuate Indians from Afghanistan following the Taliban takeover.

 

4. COP30 Unveils ‘Baku to Belem Roadmap’ to Mobilize $1.3 Trillion Annually for Climate Action by 2035: The COP30 Presidency released the ‘Baku to Belem Roadmap to 1.3 Trillion’, a global plan to mobilize $1.3 trillion annually by 2035 to support developing nations in tackling climate change and transitioning to cleaner economies.The roadmap builds on the COP29 Baku agreement, urging all stakeholders — governments, banks, and businesses — to work together in directing large-scale, low-cost finance toward renewable energy, adaptation, and post-disaster rebuilding.The plan emphasizes affordable and accessible climate finance, calling for tripling of UN climate fund disbursements by 2030, lowering borrowing costs, and aligning multilateral banks, private investors, and concessional funds to achieve equitable and effective climate action.

 

5. 6 November – International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict: The United Nations observes November 6 every year as the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict.The day highlights the impact of wars and armed conflicts on the environment, such as deforestation, pollution, and destruction of ecosystems.It was established by the UN General Assembly in 2001, acknowledging that environmental damage during conflicts can last for decades.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

DEFENCE

 

1. 17th India-Israel Joint Working Group on Defence Cooperation Held in Tel Aviv: The 17th India-Israel Joint Working Group (JWG) on Defence Cooperation was held in Tel Aviv, co-chaired by Defence Secretary Shri Rajesh Kumar Singh and Israeli DG Maj Gen (Res) Amir Baram.During the meeting, an MoU on Defence Cooperation was signed to provide a unified vision and strengthen defence collaboration between India and Israel.The MoU identifies key areas of cooperation including strategic dialogues, training, defence industrial collaboration, R&D, technological innovation, AI, and cybersecurity, enabling technology sharing, co-development, and co-production.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

2. Chandigarh Tops India’s Services-Driven Economy with 88.8% GVA Share;: Chandigarh recorded the highest share of services in Gross Value Added (GVA) at 88.8% in 2023–24, followed by Delhi (84.1%), according to NITI Aayog’s report “India’s Services Sector: Insights from GVA trends”.At the national level, the services sector contributed 54.5% to India’s GVA, showing a strong correlation between high per capita income and services orientation among states/UTs.Karnataka (62.3%), Kerala (61.5%), and Telangana (60.3%) lead among states, with real estate and professional services being major contributors; Bihar (58%) also shows a surprisingly high services share despite low income.Chhattisgarh (33.9%), Odisha (38.2%), and Madhya Pradesh (38.8%) have the lowest services share due to mining and industrial dominance, while NITI Aayog urges investment in digital infrastructure, skills, and e-governance to boost service-led growth.

 

3. DGCA Proposes 48-Hour Free Cancellation Window and Stricter Refund Rules to Protect Air Passengers’ Rights: The DGCA (Directorate General of Civil Aviation) has proposed allowing passengers to cancel or amend flight tickets within 48 hours of booking without extra charges, under new draft rules aimed at improving refund norms.Airlines will be responsible for ensuring refunds within 21 working days, even if tickets are booked through travel agents or online portals, as agents act as their official representatives.Under the proposal, airlines must also allow name corrections within 24 hours of booking (for direct bookings on airline websites) without additional fees, and provide a ‘Look-in option’ for 48 hours to modify or cancel tickets without penalties.The new draft rules also suggest refunds or credit shells for cancellations due to medical emergencies, and the DGCA has invited public feedback on the draft CAR till November 30, 2025.

 

4. Top IITs rank slip as universities from China, Singapore surge ahead: QS Asia Rankings 2026: Nine of the top 10 Indian institutions, including seven IITs, saw a decline in their ranks in the QS Asia University Rankings 2026, as universities from China, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Malaysia outperformed them.IIT Delhi remained India’s top-ranked institution but fell to 59th place from 44th last year, marking its lowest rank in the past few years.IIT Bombay witnessed the sharpest drop, slipping 23 positions to rank 71 in 2026, after consistently being among India’s best-ranked institutes from 2021 to 2024.Chandigarh University was the only Indian university among the top 10 to improve its rank, rising to 109th from 120 last year.Indian institutions performed well in academic and employer reputation but lagged behind peers in citations per paper, faculty-student ratio, and internationalisation metrics like student and faculty diversity.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Sunil Kant Munjal Conferred France’s Knight of the National Order of Merit: Mr Sunil Kant Munjal, Chairman of Hero Enterprise and Founder of Serendipity Arts Foundation, was awarded the Chevalier de l’Ordre national du Mérite (Knight of the National Order of Merit) by the Ambassador of France, recognising his contributions to civil society, education, innovation, and arts accessibility.Over the past decade, Mr. Munjal has fostered cross-cultural artistic dialogues through the Serendipity Arts Festival, transforming art into a participatory public experience and positioning the Foundation as a major cultural force in South Asia.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Daily GK Update- 6th Nov, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Government Launches EPFO Employee Enrolment Scheme 2025 to Boost Social Security and Formalise Workforce: The EPFO Employee Enrolment Scheme 2025 was launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, effective November 1, 2025, to encourage employers to voluntarily enrol employees previously left out of the EPF, boosting formal employment and social security coverage.Employees who joined between July 1, 2017, and October 31, 2025, and were not registered under EPF, can now enrol to gain provident fund savings, pension benefits under EPS, and insurance via EDLI, ensuring long-term financial security.Employers can rectify past non-compliance by paying only their EPF share plus a nominal penalty of ₹100, without being liable for employees who have already left, simplifying compliance and encouraging voluntary participation.The scheme formalises India’s workforce, enhances financial inclusion, supports retirement security, and aligns with potential EPFO wage ceiling expansion, strengthening trust, transparency, and social protection in the employment ecosystem.

 

2. Hyderabad to Get Regional IICT Campus; WAVES Animation Bazaar and IndiaJoy 2025 Showcase India’s Growing Creative Economy: The Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) will establish a regional campus in Hyderabad to strengthen India’s gaming, animation, and digital entertainment industries, announced by Shri Sanjay Jaju, Secretary of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.An MoU between IICT and T-Hub promotes startup incubation and innovation in the media and entertainment sector. The event also showcased WAVEX incubated startups and IPs from the Create in India Challenge Season 1, providing market access and exposure to young creators.The WAVES Animation Bazaar, a content marketplace linking creators with buyers and OTT platforms, was launched to monetize creative work and accelerate industry growth.The event also featured IFFI roundtables, multilingual film certification reforms, and collaboration with industry leaders to strengthen Indian cinema and digital entertainment.

 

3. Delhi Govt Launches ‘Pink Saheli Smart Card’ for Free Bus Travel of Women and Transgender Individuals to Promote Safety and Inclusivity: Delhi Chief Minister Rekha Gupta has launched the ‘Pink Saheli Smart Card’, allowing free travel for women and transgender individuals (12 years & above) on all Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) and cluster buses.The scheme aims to promote public transport usage, enhance safety, and make daily commuting more affordable for women and transgender people, while also helping to reduce traffic congestion and pollution.Eligible passengers can register online through the Delhi Transport Department’s official portal or at designated DTC counters, after which they receive the Pink Saheli Smart Card for unlimited free rides.The initiative marks a progressive step toward gender equality, recognizing both women and transgender individuals in public policy and emphasizing women’s empowerment and inclusivity in Delhi’s transport system.

 

4. Nauradehi Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh to Become Third Home for Cheetahs: Nauradehi Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh will become the third home for cheetahs in the state after Kuno National Park and Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary. Cheetahs will be brought from Namibia, Africa, and released here.Due to hunting and loss of habitat, the Asiatic cheetah became extinct in India in 1952.The Government of India launched Project Cheetah on September 17, 2022, under which African cheetahs from Namibia were reintroduced in Kuno National Park (2022) and later in Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary (2024).Kuno now has 25 cheetahs, including nine adults (six females and one male) and 16 cubs born in the park. Nauradehi will now serve as the third site and will be the 25th wildlife sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh.

 

5. Gogabeel Lake in Bihar Declared India’s 94th Ramsar Site: Gogabeel Lake in Katihar district, Bihar, has been designated as a Ramsar site of international importance, becoming India’s 94th Ramsar site and Bihar’s 6th, after Gokul Jalashay and Udaipur Jheel.The oxbow-shaped wetland, located between the Ganga and Mahananda rivers, is Bihar’s first community reserve, managed and conserved by the local community, playing a vital role in flood control, water balance, and biodiversity conservation.With this addition, India ranks 1st in Asia and 3rd globally (after the UK – 176 and Mexico – 144 Ramsar sites), highlighting its growing commitment to wetland conservation under the 1971 Ramsar Convention.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Hurricane Melissa Becomes First-Ever Category 5 Storm to Strike Jamaica: Hurricane Melissa was a catastrophic Category 5 tropical cyclone that hit Jamaica, Cuba, and the Bahamas in late October 2025, rapidly intensifying from a tropical storm to a major hurricane within just 39 hours.Making landfall in southern Jamaica on October 28 with winds of 185 mph (298 km/h), it became the first-ever Category 5 hurricane to strike Jamaica in the nation’s history, causing over $8 billion in damages and 50 confirmed deaths by October 31.The storm originated from an atmospheric disturbance near western Africa in mid-October 2025, and after being named “Melissa” by NOAA and the World Meteorological Organization, it slowly moved across the Caribbean, gaining power from warm ocean waters.

 

2. Sanjay Garg Assumes Charge as DG of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): Shri Sanjay Garg, IAS (1994 batch, Kerala cadre) has assumed charge as the Director General of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the National Standards Body of India.Prior to this, he served as Additional Secretary, DARE, and Secretary, ICAR, where he led major digital transformation initiatives in research management and scaled up the Kisan Sarathi portal to connect farmers directly with agricultural scientists.With extensive experience in World Bank projects, defence industry deregulation, and industrial promotion, Shri Garg will also serve as the President of India’s National Committee in IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission).

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Operation Chhatru: Kishtwar Encounter Underway: Security forces have launched a major anti-terror operation in Jammu and Kashmir’s Kishtwar district after receiving credible intelligence inputs about the presence of militants in the region. The encounter, taking place in the Chhatru area, is being jointly conducted by the Indian Army’s White Knight Corps and the Jammu and Kashmir Police. According to the Army’s White Knight Corps, the operation began in the early hours of Wednesday when troops established contact with suspected terrorists. A brief exchange of fire followed, confirming militant presence in the area. The Army said the operation is progressing cautiously to prevent collateral damage while ensuring that the terrorists are neutralised. Additional reinforcements have been deployed to seal possible escape routes in the mountainous terrain.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Tennis Legend Rohan Bopanna Retires After 20-Year Career: Rohan Bopanna, a two-time Grand Slam champion and one of India’s most celebrated tennis players, announced his retirement from professional tennis, ending a career spanning over two decades.The 45-year-old doubles specialist reached the world number one ranking in doubles in 2024, becoming the fourth Indian after Leander Paes, Mahesh Bhupathi, and Sania Mirza to achieve this milestone.

Bopanna won the 2024 Australian Open men’s doubles title with Matthew Ebden, becoming the oldest first-time world number one and the oldest Grand Slam men’s doubles champion in tennis history.

 

2. Avani Lekhara Shines with Gold at 2025 Para Shooting World Cup in Dubai: Avani Lekhara won the gold medal in the Women’s 10m Air Rifle Standing SH1 event at the 2025 Para Shooting World Cup held in Al Ain, Dubai, defeating Anna Besnon of Sweden to secure the top position.Thailand’s Wannipa Leungvilai claimed the bronze medal in the same event, while India also excelled in the Mixed 50m Pistol SH1 category, earning multiple medals.In the Mixed 50m Pistol SH1 Individual final, Akash won the gold medal with a score of 223.1, followed by Sandeep Kumar with silver, and along with Rudransh Khandelwal, the trio also secured team silver, finishing just behind Iran.

 

3. Kane Williamson Retires from T20 Internationals, to Continue in Tests and ODIs: New Zealand captain Kane Williamson has announced his retirement from T20 Internationals with immediate effect after a remarkable career spanning 93 matches and over 2,500 runs.Williamson, who made his T20I debut in 2011, led the Black Caps in 75 matches, guiding them to two semi-finals (2016, 2022) and a final appearance in 2021.While stepping away from T20Is, the New Zealand legend will continue to represent his country in Test and ODI cricket.

 

1. Indian Oil Mumbai Clinches 42nd Indian Oil Servo Surjit Hockey Trophy for Third Consecutive Year: Indian Oil Mumbai won the 42nd Indian Oil Servo Surjit Hockey Trophy for the third consecutive year and seventh time overall, defeating Indian Railways Delhi 2–1 in the final at Olympian Surjit Hockey Stadium, Jalandhar.The champions received a winner’s trophy and ₹5.51 lakh cash prize, while Indian Railways bagged the runner-up trophy with ₹2.50 lakh. Punjab Finance Minister Harpal Singh Cheema announced ₹25 lakh for the Surjit Hockey Society.Talwinder Singh (Indian Oil) was named Best Player, and Olympian Harmanpreet Singh (Punjab Police) was awarded Best Scorer with a ₹51,000 cash prize.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. NISAR Satellite to Become Operational on November 7: ISRO: India and the United States are set to mark a historic milestone in space collaboration as the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite becomes operational on November 7. Announcing the development, ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan confirmed that the joint Earth observation mission has completed all calibration processes and will officially begin operations following a conclave this week. NISAR represents the first major Earth observation mission jointly developed by NASA and ISRO. Weighing 2,400 kilograms, it was launched on July 30 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre aboard the GSLV rocket. The mission aims to enhance global climate monitoring and environmental mapping capabilities by providing detailed, repeatable, and accurate data on land and ice surface movements.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Centre Releases ₹444 Crore to Odisha’s Rural Local Bodies under 15th Finance Commission Grants: The Union Government has released over ₹444 crore to Rural Local Bodies (RLBs) in Odisha under the Fifteenth Finance Commission (XV FC) Grants for the financial year 2025–26.

The release includes a second installment of ₹342.59 crore as Untied Grants for 20 Zilla Parishads, 296 Panchayat Samitis, and 6,734 Gram Panchayats across the state.Additionally, ₹101.78 crore, representing the withheld portion of the first installment, has been released for 20 Zilla Parishads, 233 Panchayat Samitis, and 649 Gram Panchayats.The Untied Grants can be used by Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and RLBs for local developmental needs under the Eleventh Schedule, while Tied Grants are meant for sanitation, waste management, ODF maintenance, drinking water, and rainwater harvesting projects.

 

2. India Post Payments Bank & EPFO Join Hands to Offer Free Doorstep Digital Life Certificate Services for Pensioners: India Post Payments Bank (IPPB), a 100% Government-owned entity under the Department of Posts, signed an MoU with Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) to provide doorstep Digital Life Certificate (DLC) services for pensioners under the Employees’ Pension Scheme, 1995 (EPS-95).IPPB will use its network of 1.65 lakh Post Offices and 3 lakh+ postal service providers (Postmen and Gramin Dak Sevaks), equipped with Doorstep Banking devices using Face Authentication and Fingerprint Biometric technology, to help pensioners submit DLCs from home. The entire cost of issuing the Digital Life Certificate will be borne by EPFO, ensuring that the service remains completely free for all EPFO pensioners.

 

Daily GK Update- 5th Nov, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India’s National Beekeeping & Honey Mission Drives ‘Sweet Revolution’: The National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM) is a Central Sector Scheme launched to promote scientific beekeeping and achieve the vision of a “Sweet Revolution” in India, ensuring the holistic growth of the beekeeping sector.The mission has a budget outlay of ₹500 crore and is being implemented by the National Bee Board (NBB) for the period FY 2020-21 to FY 2025-26, covering all major aspects of honey production and marketing.NBHM operates through three Mini Missions focused on productivity enhancement, post-harvest management, and research & technology development, promoting innovation and value addition in beekeeping.In FY 2023-24, India produced around 1.4 lakh MT of natural honey and exported 1.07 lakh MT worth USD 177.55 million, becoming the second-largest exporter of honey globally, aided by digital initiatives like the Madhukranti Portal for online registration and traceability.

 

2. PM Modi to Attend International Gita Festival and 350th Martyrdom Anniversary of Guru Tegh Bahadur in Kurukshetra on November 25: Prime Minister Narendra Modi will attend the International Gita Festival and the state-level commemorative event for the 350th martyrdom anniversary of Guru Tegh Bahadur on November 25 in Kurukshetra, Haryana.The 10th International Gita Mahotsav will feature spiritual seminars, global participation, cultural programmes, and a Maha Aarti at Brahma Sarovar. The main events will take place from November 24 to December 1, with Madhya Pradesh as the partner state.Since 2016, the festival has gained international recognition, with editions held in Mauritius, Britain, Canada, Sri Lanka, Australia, Indonesia, and Japan, aiming to connect the world with the eternal message of the Bhagavad Gita and India’s spiritual heritage.

 

3. Union Minister George Kurian Launches Fully Digital Marine Fisheries Census 2025 with VyAS Apps: Union Minister George Kurian launched the fully digital Marine Fisheries Census (MFC) 2025 in Kochi, marking a shift from traditional paper-based methods to a completely digital and geo-referenced enumeration process.Slogan – “Smart Census, Smarter Fisheries”The census will cover 1.2 million fisher households across 5,000 coastal villages in 13 States and UTs, including the Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep, over a 45-day period (3 Nov–18 Dec 2025).Custom Android apps—VyAS–NAV, VyAS–BHARAT, and VyAS–SUTRA—developed by ICAR–CMFRI, will power real-time data collection, supervision, and validation through a multi-tier dashboard and drone-assisted monitoring.The MFC–2025 aims to generate granular, evidence-based socio-economic data for precise government welfare planning, supporting schemes like PMMSY and PM-MKSSY, and promoting inclusive, climate-resilient coastal growth.

 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India Hands Over Multi-Ethnic Trilingual School in Polonnaruwa: A Multi-ethnic Trilingual School built with Indian grant assistance was inaugurated in Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka, jointly by Sri Lankan PM Dr Harini Amarasuriya and Indian High Commissioner Santosh Jha.Constructed under India’s High Impact Community Development Projects (HICDP) initiative, the school aims to promote inclusive and quality education in a multi-ethnic and multicultural environment.With a grant of over 320 million Sri Lankan rupees, the school will offer education in Sinhala, Tamil, and English, reflecting India–Sri Lanka’s deepening cooperation in education and development.

 

2. 4 November 2025 – Melbourne Cup Day: The Melbourne Cup Day is celebrated on the first Tuesday of November every year at Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne — this year it is being celebrated on 4th November 2025.Started in 1861, the race covers a distance of 3,200 metres and is considered one of the most prestigious horse racing events in the world.The Melbourne Cup is not only about racing but also about fashion, entertainment, and tradition, showcasing Australia’s rich sporting and cultural spirit.

 

3. 5 November – World Tsunami Awareness Day: World Tsunami Awareness Day is observed every year on 5th November to promote awareness about tsunami preparedness, early warning systems, and disaster risk reduction across the world.The United Nations established this day in December 2015, inspired by Japan’s “Inamura-no-hi” (Burning of the Rice Sheaves) story — a historical act of saving lives through early warning in 1854.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

DEFENCE

 

1. Vishvajit Sahay Assumes Charge as Controller General of Defence Accounts (CGDA): Vishvajit Sahay, a 1990-batch officer of the Indian Defence Accounts Service (IDAS), assumed charge as the Controller General of Defence Accounts (CGDA), bringing over three decades of experience in defence finance and public administration.An alumnus of St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi, he has served in several senior roles, including Additional Secretary and Financial Adviser in the Department of Science and Technology, and Joint Secretary in the Department of Heavy Industry.He has also represented India at international training forums, including Cambridge University (UK) and the George C. Marshall Center (Germany), reflecting his expertise in global defence finance and administration.

 

2. Vice Admiral B. Sivakumar Assumes Charge as 40th Chief of Materiel, Indian Navy: Vice Admiral B. Sivakumar, AVSM, VSM, has taken charge as the 40th Chief of Materiel of the Indian Navy, succeeding Vice Admiral Kiran Deshmukh.An alumnus of the 70th Course of the National Defence Academy, he was commissioned as an Electrical Officer in the Indian Navy on July 1, 1987, and has served in key roles across Naval Headquarters, Dockyards, and warships like INS Ranjit, Kirpan, and Akshay.Over a distinguished 38-year career, he has commanded the premier Electrical Training Base INS Valsura and made significant contributions to the Navy’s operational and technical capabilities.

 

3. Indian Navy to Lead Tri-Services Exercise “Trishul-2025” with Army and Air Force to Enhance Joint Operational Readiness: The Indian Navy will lead the Tri-Services Exercise (TSE-2025) “Trishul”, jointly conducted with the Indian Army and Indian Air Force, starting in early November 2025, focusing on large-scale operations across the Rajasthan-Gujarat sectors and the North Arabian Sea.The exercise involves major formations including the Army Southern Command, Western Naval Command, and South Western Air Command, with participation from the Indian Coast Guard, Border Security Force (BSF), and other central agencies to enhance inter-agency coordination and joint operations.Exercise Trishul aims to validate joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR), Electronic Warfare (EW), and Cyber Warfare capabilities, strengthening multi-domain operational synergy and demonstrating India’s integrated defence preparedness.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. PM Modi Inaugurates Emerging Science and Technology Innovation Conclave (ESTIC) 2025: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Emerging Science and Technology Innovation Conclave (ESTIC) 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, bringing together over 3,000 participants including Nobel Laureates, scientists, and innovators to discuss 11 key areas of emerging technologies.The Prime Minister launched the ₹1 lakh crore Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme Fund, aimed at promoting a private sector-driven R&D ecosystem. The scheme offers long-term, low or zero-interest loans and equity investments, with ₹20,000 crore allocated for FY 2025–26 from the Consolidated Fund of India.

 

2. ISRO Launches India’s Heaviest Naval Communication Satellite GSAT-7R Aboard LVM3 Rocket: ISRO successfully launched GSAT-7R, the Indian Navy’s most advanced communication satellite, using its most powerful launch vehicle LVM3 (M5 mission) from Sriharikota.GSAT-7R, weighing about 4,400 kg, is the heaviest indigenously built communication satellite launched from Indian soil and will enhance naval communication and maritime domain awareness.The mission showcased LVM3’s capability to launch 4-tonne-plus satellites into geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO), marking a major step toward self-reliance in heavy satellite launches and supporting ISRO’s upcoming Gaganyaan human spaceflight program.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. IEPFA and SEBI Organise ‘Niveshak Shivir’ in Amritsar to Empower Investors and Resolve Unclaimed Dividend Issues: The Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA), under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, in collaboration with SEBI, organised a “Niveshak Shivir” in Amritsar to empower investors and address issues related to unclaimed dividends and shares.The one-day investor camp served as a single-window facilitation platform, enabling participants to resolve long-pending dividend and share claims, update KYC and nominations, and directly interact with officials without intermediaries.After successful events in Pune and Hyderabad, the Amritsar edition marked the third city to host the initiative, reinforcing IEPFA’s vision of creating a transparent and investor-centric financial ecosystem across India.During the event, IEPFA and SEBI also launched an explainer video by CDSL IPF titled “Understanding the Process of Claiming Unpaid Dividends through IEPFA”, benefitting hundreds of investors through on-the-spot guidance and resolution services.

 

2. SBI Launches ‘SBI STAR’ Awards to Honour Employee Excellence Beyond Professional Achievements: State Bank of India (SBI) has launched a new annual employee excellence award named ‘SBI STAR’ (Staff Talent Acknowledgement & Recognition) to honour employees’ achievements beyond professional roles, focusing on their talents in diverse fields.

The initiative aims to encourage holistic employee engagement and recognise exceptional contributions in Arts, Literature, Sports, Culture, Social Work, and Environmental initiatives, promoting organisational pride and well-being.The SBI STAR framework follows a fair and transparent selection process, allowing self-nomination by employees, evaluation at Circle or Vertical levels, and final selection by the Corporate Centre in Mumbai.

 

3. SBI Executes First Gold Trade as Special Category Client on India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX): SBI executed its first-ever gold trade as a Special Category Client (SCC) on the India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX), marking a milestone in transforming India’s bullion import ecosystem with greater efficiency and transparency.The move strengthens MSME jewellers’ access to gold imports, promoting transparency, accessibility, and smoother transactions through IIBX’s advanced digital infrastructure.State Bank of India, which became the first Trading-cum-Clearing Member (TCM) at IIBX in 2024, aims to streamline bullion imports and reduce dependency on traditional methods, aligning with its focus on innovation and financial inclusion.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. CEC Gyanesh Kumar Honoured with Distinguished Alumni Award by IIT Kanpur on Its 66th Foundation Day: Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) Shri Gyanesh Kumar was honoured with the Distinguished Alumni Award (DAA) by IIT Kanpur during the institute’s 66th Foundation Day celebration for his exceptional contributions to public service.The DAA, instituted in 1989, is IIT Kanpur’s highest recognition bestowed upon alumni for their outstanding professional achievements, service to the institute, and contributions to society and nation-building.Shri Gyanesh Kumar, who completed his B.Tech in Civil Engineering from IIT Kanpur in 1985, joins the list of illustrious alumni recognized for excellence in academics, entrepreneurship, and national service.

 

Daily GK Update- 4th Nov, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Lucknow Declared UNESCO ‘Creative City of Gastronomy’ for Its Rich Awadhi Culinary Heritage: Lucknow has been officially declared a UNESCO ‘Creative City of Gastronomy’ during the 43rd Session of the UNESCO General Conference held in Uzbekistan, recognizing its rich Awadhi cuisine and culinary heritage.The recognition highlights Lucknow’s centuries-old food traditions and positions Uttar Pradesh among the world’s top gastronomic destinations, promoting cultural diplomacy and sustainable tourism.Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated the people of Lucknow and urged global visitors to explore its vibrant culture and world-famous culinary traditions.

 

2. Kerala Becomes India’s First State to Declare Itself Free from Extreme Poverty under EPEP Initiative: Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan declared the State free from extreme poverty during a special Assembly session on Kerala Piravi, making Kerala the first Indian State to make such a declaration under the Extreme Poverty Alleviation Project (EPEP) launched in 2021.The EPEP initiative identified 1,03,099 individuals from 64,006 families as extremely poor, ensuring them access to food, housing, healthcare, education, and livelihood support through coordinated efforts by local bodies, Kudumbashree, and government departments.With an investment of over ₹1,000 crore, Kerala’s achievement aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), setting a model for other states in eradicating extreme poverty and promoting inclusive development.

 

3. Guru Nanak Dev Jayanti 2025: Guru Nanak Dev Jayanti, also known as Gurpurab, marks the birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism. In 2025, this sacred occasion being observed on 5 November 2025, coinciding with the full moon day (Kartik Purnima) in the Hindu lunar calendar. The day symbolises peace, equality, and the remembrance of Guru Nanak’s spiritual teachings. Guru Nanak Dev Jayanti holds great spiritual and cultural importance for Sikhs and people across faiths. The day celebrates the divine birth of Guru Nanak Dev Ji in 1469 at Rai Bhoi Ki Talwandi, now Nankana Sahib in Pakistan. His message of “Ik Onkar” (One God) and universal brotherhood remains a guiding light for humanity.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. COP30 to take place 6-21 November 2025 in Belém, Brazil: The 30th session of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP30) is scheduled for 6-21 November 2025 in Belém, Brazil.The host city, Belém, located in the Amazon region, was chosen to highlight forest, biodiversity and ecosystem protection as central climate priorities.The summit faces logistical challenges: accommodation costs have soared, hotel capacity is stretched, and some nations are considering reducing their delegation or skipping the event.A key agenda item is turning the findings of the Global Stocktake into action—with focus on enhanced national climate plans (NDCs), scaling climate finance, and accelerating implementation ahead of and during COP30.

 

2. Dr. Deepak Mittal Assumes Charge as India’s Ambassador-Designate to UAE: Dr Deepak Mittal, a 1998-batch Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, has assumed charge as the Ambassador-Designate of India to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), bringing with him over two decades of diplomatic experience across several key international postings.He has previously served in Indian missions in Egypt, Israel, and Bangladesh, and also held roles as Consul General of India in Ho Chi Minh City and Ambassador to Qatar, strengthening India’s diplomatic engagement in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

 

3. 3 November – World Sandwich Day: World Sandwich Day is observed every year on November 3 to celebrate one of the world’s most popular and versatile foods — the sandwich.The day commemorates John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, who is credited with inventing the sandwich in the 18th century.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

DEFENCE

 

1. L&T and US-Based GA-ASI Partner to Manufacture Advanced MALE Drones in India for Armed Forces under Atmanirbhar Bharat: Larsen & Toubro (L&T) and General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) of the US have formed a strategic partnership to manufacture Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in India for the Indian Armed Forces, with L&T serving as the prime bidder and GA-ASI as the technology partner for the Defence Ministry’s 87 MALE RPAS programme.The collaboration will enable domestic production of GA-ASI’s combat-proven MQ-series RPAS platforms, already in use globally for surveillance and strike missions, aligning with India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India initiatives through significant technology transfer and indigenous content.

 

2. AXISCADES and France’s Cilas Join Hands to Develop Laser-Based Counter-Drone Systems for Indian Armed Forces: AXISCADES Technologies Limited (India) and Cilas S.A. (France) signed an MoU to jointly develop and supply advanced counter-unmanned aerial system (C-UAS) technologies for the Indian Armed Forces, integrating Cilas’ Helma-P high-energy laser weapon into vehicle-mounted defence systems.Under the collaboration, AXISCADES will design the overall system architecture as per Indian Army requirements, co-developing a vehicle-mounted counter-drone solution that combines Helma-P with its command and control system, supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative through local integration and manufacturing.The Helma-P laser, already used by NATO forces, the French Navy, and during the Paris Olympics, strengthens India-France defence cooperation in advanced military technologies; AXISCADES employs 3,000+ professionals globally, while Cilas (est. 1966) specializes in laser technologies for defence, security, and space.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Former Indian Hockey Goalkeeper Manuel Frederick Dies: Former Indian hockey goalkeeper Manuel Frederick, who won a bronze medal at the 1972 Munich Olympics, passed away at the age of 78.Hailing from Kannur, Kerala, he was the first athlete from the state to win an Olympic medal, a feat later matched by P.R. Sreejesh in 2021.Representing India from 1971 to 1978, Frederick showcased exceptional goalkeeping skills in two Hockey World Cups — winning silver in Amstelveen (1973) and competing in Buenos Aires (1978). He also played for ASC, HAL, Services, Uttar Pradesh, and Mohun Bagan during his career.Awarded the Dhyan Chand Lifetime Achievement Award in 2019, Frederick is remembered as one of India’s finest goalkeepers.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. India to Triple Rare Earth Magnet Incentives to $788 Million: India plans to expand its rare earth magnet manufacturing incentive scheme to over ₹7,000 crore ($788 million), nearly tripling the earlier allocation. The move seeks to secure critical materials for electric vehicles, renewable energy, and defence as the country works to reduce reliance on China, which dominates the global supply chain. The expansion follows China’s tightening of export controls in April amid its trade dispute with the United States, which disrupted rare earth magnet supplies worldwide. India’s plan mirrors global efforts by the US, Japan, and Europe to build alternative sources. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasised that critical minerals should not be “weaponised”, calling for diversified and stable supply chains. The revised proposal, awaiting cabinet approval, will support around five domestic firms through a mix of production-linked and capital subsidies. State-owned enterprises are leading early partnerships with overseas miners to secure raw materials. The programme’s goal is to attract global magnet makers to establish local joint ventures or subsidiaries, strengthening India’s industrial base in strategic sectors.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. India’s GST Collections Rise 4.6% to ₹1.96 Lakh Crore in October 2025: India’s GST collections rose 6% year-on-year in October 2025 to about ₹1.96 lakh crore, marking the 10th consecutive month with revenues above the ₹1.8 lakh crore mark, as per official data. In the April–October period of FY26, GST collections grew 9% to ₹13.89 lakh crore, compared to ₹12.74 lakh crore in the same period last fiscal (FY25).Net GST collections (after refunds) stood at ₹1.69 lakh crore in October 2025, 0.6% higher than October 2024, reflecting strong festive demand after the September 22 GST rate cuts.

 

2. UPI Transactions Hit Record ₹27.28 Lakh Crore in October 2025: UPI transactions hit an all-time high in October 2025, reaching ₹27.28 lakh crore in value and 20.7 billion in volume, driven by strong festive season spending, as per data from the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).The transaction value grew 16% year-on-year (₹27.28 lakh crore vs ₹23.49 lakh crore) and 9.5% month-on-month, showing the growing trust and reach of digital payments across India.UPI now accounts for 85% of India’s digital transactions and operates in seven countries, including the UAE, Singapore, France, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius, reflecting its expanding global footprint and robust digital infrastructure.

 

3. ADB Approves USD 460 Million Loan to Boost Solar-Powered Irrigation and Rural Energy Infrastructure in Maharashtra: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved a USD 460 million results-based loan to modernise rural power infrastructure and promote solar-powered irrigation in Maharashtra, ensuring farmers receive reliable daytime electricity.The project, titled “Maharashtra Power Distribution Enhancement Program for Agricultural Solarization,” aligns with the state’s Power Sector Vision 2030, focusing on renewable energy adoption, rural energy access, and financial sustainability.An additional USD 40 million concessional loan from the Clean Technology Fund (CTF), administered by ADB, will support clean energy initiatives under this programme.

 

Daily GK Update- 3rd Nov, 2025

DAILY GK Update- 2nd Nov, 2025

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. EPFO Hosts Gurcharan Das in 22nd Edition of ‘Reimagining Governance: Discourse for Excellence’: The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO), through its Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya National Academy of Social Security (PDUNASS), organised the 22nd edition of “Reimagining Governance: Discourse for Excellence (RGDE)”.Gurcharan Das, renowned author, public intellectual, and former CEO of Procter & Gamble India, was the keynote speaker at the event.Around 800 EPFO officers from across India participated, as the session focused on ethics, public service, and excellence in governance, continuing PDNASS’s monthly knowledge series.

 

2. President Droupadi Murmu Becomes First Indian President to Fly in Two Fighter Jets: President Droupadi Murmu made history by becoming the first President of India to fly in two different fighter jets, taking a Rafale sortie from the Indian Air Force Station, Ambala, on October 29, 2025. She had earlier flown in a Sukhoi-30 MKI from Tezpur, Assam, in April 2023.The 30-minute sortie, piloted by Group Captain Amit Gehani, covered around 200 km, reaching an altitude of 15,000 feet and a speed of 700 km/h.She was accorded a ceremonial guard of honour on arrival and interacted with Squadron Leader Shivangi Singh, India’s first woman Rafale pilot, before the flight.

 

3. MSDE, Aditya Birla Capital Foundation & BITS Pilani Launch Innovation and Start-up Challenge for NSTI Students: The Directorate General of Training (DGT) under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) has partnered with the Aditya Birla Capital Foundation (ABCF) and Pilani Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development Society (PIEDS) of BITS Pilani to launch an Innovation and Start-up Challenge for NSTI students across India.The program aims to promote innovation, entrepreneurship, and start-up culture among students enrolled in National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs), fostering creativity and self-employment opportunities.33 NSTIs are operating nationwide with over 10,000 trainees pursuing vocational training under Craft Instructor Training Schemes (CITS) and Craftsmen Training Schemes (CTS), preparing a skilled workforce for various industries.

 

4. Kishan Reddy Launches KOYLA SHAKTI Dashboard and CLAMP Portal to Revolutionize Coal Sector Digitization: Union Minister of Coal and Mines, Shri G. Kishan Reddy, launched two digital initiatives — KOYLA SHAKTI Dashboard and CLAMP Portal — via video conference in New Delhi, aiming to modernise India’s coal sector.A unified digital platform integrating the entire coal value chain from mine to market, enabling real-time coordination among coal companies, railways, ports, and industries to improve logistics, transparency, and decision-making.The Coal Land Acquisition, Management, and Payment (CLAMP) Portal digitizes land acquisition, compensation, and R&R processes, serving as a centralized repository to ensure transparency, accountability, and faster execution in land-related matters.

 

5. NHAI Simplifies ‘Know Your Vehicle (KYV)’ Process to Ease FASTag User Experience: The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has simplified the Know Your Vehicle (KYV) process for FASTag users to enhance convenience and customer experience, as per new guidelines issued by the Indian Highways Management Company Limited (IHMCL).Under the revised rules, FASTag services will not be discontinued for non-compliant users; instead, they will be given adequate time to complete the KYV process.The simplified process now requires only a front photo showing the number plate and FASTag, eliminating the need for side photographs, while RC details will be fetched automatically from the Vahan portal using vehicle, chassis, or mobile number.Existing FASTags issued before the KYV policy will remain active unless misuse or complaints are reported, and issuer banks will send SMS reminders to users to complete their KYV.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Malaysia Hands Over ASEAN Chairmanship to the Philippines at 47th ASEAN Summit: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Chairmanship was formally handed over by Anwar Ibrahim of Malaysia to Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. of Philippines, who will assume the chairmanship in 2026.The handover took place at the closing ceremony of the 47th ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur, with Malaysia symbolically passing the gavel to the Philippines, marking Manila’s sixth term as ASEAN Chair.The transition highlights ASEAN’s evolving focus on deepening regional integration, broadening membership (e.g., the accession of TimorLeste as the 11th member), and reinforcing the bloc’s role amid growing global geopolitical and economic challenges.

 

2. 31 October – Rashtriya Ekta Diwas: Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) is celebrated every year on 31 October to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, known as the Iron Man of India for his pivotal role in unifying the nation after independence.Theme 2025 – Ek Bharat, Aatmanirbhar BharatThe day was first observed in 2014, when the Government of India introduced it to honour Patel’s contribution to national integration and administrative reforms.The Statue of Unity in Gujarat, the world’s tallest statue, stands as a symbol of his vision for a united and strong India.

 

3. 29 October – International Day of Care and Support: The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 29 October as the International Day of Care and Support in 2023, to recognise the crucial role of paid and unpaid care work in sustaining societies and economies.The day aims to promote gender equality by recognising, reducing, redistributing, and rewarding unpaid care and domestic work, which is largely carried out by women worldwide.

 

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Pakistan’s Hangor-Class Submarines and Possible Shift in Naval Balance in Indian Ocean: Pakistan’s naval capabilities are set for a major boost from next year with the induction of advanced Hangor-class submarines built in collaboration with China. The move marks a significant enhancement in Pakistan’s maritime posture and is expected to challenge India’s current conventional submarine advantage in the region. Under a $5 billion agreement, Pakistan will acquire eight Hangor-class (Type 039A Yuan-class) diesel-electric submarines equipped with air-independent propulsion (AIP). Four of these are being constructed in China, while the remaining four are being built at Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works. The first vessel is expected to enter active service in 2026, with full delivery by 2028. This cooperation reflects deepening military ties between China and Pakistan, extending from land to sea domains. The Hangor-class boats come fitted with advanced sensors, weapons, and AIP systems that allow them to remain submerged for up to three weeks—offering a critical stealth advantage. Conventional diesel-electric submarines must surface every few days to recharge batteries, while AIP-enabled vessels can maintain longer underwater endurance. These capabilities significantly enhance Pakistan’s anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) strength in the Arabian Sea.

SPORTS

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Global ‘Baby Bust’ Forecast by 2100: A new study published in “The Lancet” warns that the world is heading towards a dramatic decline in fertility rates, with 97% of countries expected to have below-replacement birth levels by 2100. Researchers from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) describe this as a “demographically divided world” that could reshape economies and societies worldwide. According to the study, the total fertility rate (TFR) — the average number of children born per woman — must remain at 2.1 to sustain population levels. By 2050, 155 of 204 countries (76%) will fall below this replacement level, rising to 198 nations (97%) by 2100. The global TFR has halved in seven decades, dropping from 5.0 in 1950 to 2.2 in 2021. Nations such as South Korea and Serbia have some of the world’s lowest rates, under 1.1 children per woman. While fertility rates are plummeting in Europe, East Asia, and North America, parts of sub-Saharan Africa continue to experience population surges. Countries like Chad report a TFR as high as seven births per woman, twice the global average. This stark contrast is creating what experts term a dual demographic challenge — ageing populations in wealthy nations and youth bulges in developing regions.

 

2. COP30 Brazil: India Advocates Fair Climate Deal for Developing Nations: As nations prepare for the 30th UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) in Belém, Brazil, India’s delegation is set to prioritise fairness, finance, and technology access over new emission-cutting commitments. The summit, marking a decade since the Paris Agreement, will see Brazil showcase its forest conservation success alongside the proposed “Tropical Forest Forever Fund,” even as contradictions in its climate strategy draw scrutiny. Brazil, the fifth-largest global emitter, recorded a 17 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in 2024, its sharpest decline in 16 years, mainly due to curbs on Amazon and Cerrado deforestation. The country plans to introduce a “Tropical Forest Forever Fund” — a permanent, multilateral financing mechanism rewarding tropical nations for forest preservation. The initiative aligns with President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s aim to make COP30 a “COP of implementation,” centred on tangible results and long-term funding models.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. India to Spotlight “Inclusive Growth” at World Social Summit in Doha: Union Minister for Labour and Employment Mansukh Mandaviya will represent India at the Second World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) in Doha, Qatar, from 4–6 November 2025. The Summit aims to reaffirm global commitment to eradicating poverty, promoting decent work, and advancing social inclusion nearly three decades after the 1995 Copenhagen Summit. During the Opening Plenary, Mandaviya will deliver India’s National Statement, outlining the nation’s transformative progress in social and economic development. He will also take part in the adoption of the Doha Political Declaration and address a high-level round table on strengthening the three pillars of social development — poverty eradication, full and productive employment, and social inclusion. At the Summit, India will present its remarkable progress in poverty alleviation and social protection. Between 2011 and 2023, 248 million Indians were lifted out of multidimensional poverty, reducing poverty levels to just 2.3 per cent in 2022–23. Flagship initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, PM Awas Yojana, and Jan Dhan Yojana have been central to this success. The JAM Trinity—Jan Dhan, Aadhaar, and Mobile—has transformed welfare delivery, ensuring transparency and efficiency in benefit distribution.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Kerala State Film Awards 2025: The 55th Kerala State Film Awards were announced in Thrissur by State Minister for Fisheries, Culture, and Youth Affairs, Saji Cherian. Chaired by veteran actor Prakash Raj, the seven-member jury selected the winners from 128 film entries submitted for the 2024 season. “Manjummel Boys” emerged as the biggest winner, sweeping several major categories including Best Film and Best Director. Veteran actor Mammootty won the Best Actor award for his stellar performance in “Bramayugam”, while Shamla Hamza bagged the Best Actress award for “Feminichi Fathima”. The Best Film honour went to “Manjummel Boys”, directed by Chidambaram S Poduval, who also received the Best Director award. The Best Second Film was awarded to “Feminichi Fathima” and “Premalu” won Best Popular Film. The awards recognised excellence across all aspects of filmmaking. “Manjummel Boys” led in several categories such as Best Cinematography (Shyju Khalid), Best Production Design (Ajayan Chalissery), Best Original Screenplay (Chidambaram S Poduval), Best Sound Design, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Lyricist (Vedan). Sushin Shyam won Best Music Director for “Bougainvillea”, and Christo Xavier received Best Background Score for “Bramayugam”.