Daily GK Update- 12th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India launches its first indigenous Automated Bio Medical Waste Treatment Plant in New Delhi: Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh has launched India’s first indigenous Automated Biomedical Waste Treatment Rig, named Sṛjanam, at AIIMS New Delhi.Developed by the CSIR National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, NIIST, in Thiruvananthapuram, the rig is the first of its kind in the country.The Automated Biomedical Waste Treatment Rig, named “Srjanam,” was officially dedicated to the nation by the Minister at a ceremony held in the AIIMS auditorium.This innovative, environment friendly technology, developed by CSIR-NIIST (National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology), offers a significant advancement in the sustainable management of biomedical waste.The “Srjanam” rig can disinfect pathogenic biomedical waste such as blood, urine, sputum, and laboratory disposables, without the use of costly and energy-intensive incinerators.

 

2. DPIIT signs pact with Korean institute to enhance cooperation in logistics: The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has signed an agreement with the Korea Transport Institute to enhance cooperation in logistics and infrastructure development.The MoU will enhance cooperation in logistics and infrastructure development, leveraging the institute’s expertise to support India’s ambitious infrastructure initiatives.The MoU will establish a mechanism for knowledge exchange and institutional cooperation between the logistics division, DPIIT and KOTI.

 

3. 3rd Kashi Tamil Sangamam to be held from Feb 15: The third edition of the Kashi Tamil Sangamam is to be held from the 15th of February. This year’s theme will be ‘Sage Agasthiyar’.The participants will also be experiencing Mahakumbh and a visit to the Ram Mandir at Ayodhya.In connection with this, school students dressed like Sage Agasthiyar participated in a walkathon in Chennai. The walkathon was organised by the Central Institute of Classical Tamil and SASTRA deemed University.

 

4. Reliance Consumer launches sports drink ‘Spinner’ at ₹10: Reliance Consumer Products has launched the sports drink ‘Spinner’ at an affordable price of ₹10 and the beverage would lead the movement to create a sports beverage category of up to $1 billion in the next three years.The sports drink has been co-created with former Sri Lankan cricketer and current coach of Sri Lanka, Muttiah Muralitharan.The beverage brand has partnered with top IPL franchises such as Lucknow Super Giants, SunRisers Hyderabad, Punjab Kings, Gujarat Titans, and Mumbai Indians, which will drive awareness and increase brand visibility across the country, the company said.The sports drink is available in three flavours – Lemon, Orange, and Nitro Blue.

 

5. ONGC signs pact with BP for oil exploration: State-owned Oil and Natural Gas Corporation has signed a pact with global oil major BP to explore collaboration in exploration and production, trading and other energy vectors, in India and internationally.The MoU comes within a month of ONGC selecting BP as a technical service provider for raising output from its flagship Mumbai High oil and gas field.ONGC and BP have agreed to explore opportunities for collaboration and partnership across the energy industry in India and internationally, focused on oil and gas exploration and production, as well as trading and extending to other energy vectors.

 

6. India introduces new HS code to allow exports of GI-recognised rice varieties: India’s Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has come up with an amendment to the Customs Tariff Act to provide for an HS (Harmonised System) code, for the export of geographical indication (GI) recognised rice.It is the first time in the world that an HS code has been introduced for GI-recognised riceThe amendment was introduced in the Budget proposals for the2025-26 financial year on February 1, under HS Code 1006-30-11 (parboiled) and 1006-30-91 (white).The Indian Patent Office has given a GI tag to 20 rice varieties. The GI-tag recognised varieties are Navara, Palakkadan Matta, Pokkali, Wayanad Jeerakasala, Wayanad Gandhakasala, Kalanamak, Kaipad, Ajara Ghansal, Ambemohar, Joha, Gobindobog, Tulapanji, Katarni and Chokuwa rice varieties. These varieties got the GI tag before March 2020.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Honeywell, AM Green sign MoU to advance carbon capture, SAF in India: Honeywell and AM Green have signed an MoU to advance carbon capture and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in India.This comes as India aims to achieve a 1 per cent SAF blend in jet fuel for international flights by 2027, which will increase to 2 per cent by 2028, signifying a significant step towards reducing aviation emissions in the country. This target is part of India’s broader goal to reach net zero by 2070.The MoU seeks efficient ways to decarbonise the aviation and shipping sectors and will help position India as a global leader in alternative fuel production.The collaboration is meant to assess the techno-economic feasibility of producing sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from ethanol, green methanol from various carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission sources, and green hydrogen.

 

2. 11 February – International Day of Women and Girls in Science: The International Day of Women and Girls in Science is celebrated every year on February 11.The United Nations observes this day to promote full and equal access to and participation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.On March 14, 2011, during its 55th session, the Commission on the Status of Women approved a report that included agreed conclusions regarding the involvement of women and girls in education, training, and science and technology.

The year 2025 marks the 10th anniversary of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science (IDWGS), observed annually on 11th February.

 

 

 

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. HAL renames HJT-36 Jet Trainer as ‘Yashas’ following major upgrades: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has officially renamed its flagship jet training aircraft, the Hindustan Jet Trainer HJT-36, as ‘Yashas’ following extensive modifications aimed at enhancing its performance and operational efficiency.As part of its preparation for induction into service, ‘Yashas’ has been upgraded with state-of-the-art avionics and a modernized cockpit, improving training effectiveness and operational efficiency.The enhancements include weight reduction measures and the replacement of obsolete imported equipment with indigenous Line Replaceable Units (LRUs).Designed for Stage II pilot training, the aircraft is also capable of counter-insurgency and counter-surface force operations, armament training, and aerobatic maneuvers. It is powered by a Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC)-equipped AL55I jet engine, delivering an optimal thrust-to-weight ratio, improved thrust management, and enhanced reliability.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Indian Cricket Team Urges People To Join Donate Organs, Save Lives’: Ahead of the third ODI against England at the Narendra Modi Stadium in Ahmedabad, the Indian team players including former captain Virat Kohli urged people to join the ‘Donate Organs, Save Lives’ campaign and pledge for organ donation.Recently, the International Cricket Council (ICC) took a major step towards raising awareness about organ donation through the ‘Donate Organs, Save Lives’ initiative.This initiative aims to inspire cricket fans to pledge their support for donating organs, putting forth the importance of a single decision which could impact lives. With millions watching, the initiative hopes to encourage individuals to pledge for organ donation, ultimately saving millions of lives in the future.

 

2. RIL to acquire 49% stake in London-based Oval Invincibles cricket team: Reliance Industries (RIL)-owned Mumbai Indians (MI), through its subsidiary RISE Worldwide, has announced the acquisition of a 49 per cent stake in London-based Oval Invincibles, a franchise in the England and Wales Cricket Board’s (ECB) The Hundred, for an undisclosed amount.The completion of the transaction is subject to customary diligence and documentation, including the acquisition of its shareholding.The men’s team of the Oval Invincibles is the reigning champion of The Hundred in 2023 and 2024, while the women’s team won the inaugural 100-ball league in 2021 and again in 2022.The Hundred features eight city-based franchises: London Spirit, Oval Invincibles, Manchester Originals, Birmingham Phoenix, Northern Superchargers, Southern Brave, Welsh Fire, and Trent Rockets.

 

3. Pankaj Advani wins 36th National Gold at Indian Snooker Championship: India’s most accomplished player Pankaj Advani secured his 36th overall national title and 10th men’s snooker crown at the Yashwant Club in Madhya Pradesh.The ONGC employee overcame an early setback to defeat Brijesh Damani in a final where Damani managed to take the opening frame, the only one he would claim throughout the match.Meghalaya to host next edition of National Games in February/March 2027: Meghalaya will host the 39th edition of the National Games in February/March 2027.As host state of the next edition, Meghalaya will be handed the IOA flag during the closing ceremony of the ongoing 38th Games in Uttarakhand.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Indian Institute of Spices Research to host spice start-up conclave: ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Kozhikode, will be organising a startup conclave — Rise Up– from February 19 to 21. The objective of the event is to generate innovative ideas and foster entrepreneurship in spice cultivation, processing and value addition.The three-day conclave will have sessions on themes including the potential of innovations, the future of spice-based entrepreneurship, and technological advancements in the spice industry.Organized in collaboration with Kerala Startup Mission, the Ideathon invites students, entrepreneurs and startups to submit their ideas online by February 15. Each team may have up to five members.Submitted ideas will be reviewed initially by a panel of experts and the selected ideas can be presented on the first day of the event at IISR.The total prize pool for the event is ₹1,00,000, and further support will be provided by the research institution for the development of promising ideas.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Policybazaar and HDFC Life join hands to offer product with 100% claim assurance: Policybazaar has partnered with HDFC Life, a private life insurer, to offer HDFC Life Click 2 Protect Ultimate, a term product with 100 per cent claim assurance.This innovative solution combines financial protection with the assurance of a seamless claim process, catering to customers seeking reliability and transparency in their insurance policies.The product’s value lies in its commitment to providing a secure financial safety net while addressing two key consumer concerns — ease of purchasing insurance and a smooth, hassle-free claims experience for beneficiaries.

 

2. Recent Facilities Launched in Banking & Insurance Sector: IDFC FIRST Bank, Ikonz launch Amitabh Bachchan’s AI avatarIDFC FIRST Bank Launches Exclusive Banking Package for Senior CitizensL &T Finance introduced Knowledgeable AI (KAI), an AI-powered virtual home loan advisorPNB MetLife partners with Policybazaar to Launch Smart Invest Pension Plan for Early RetirementFinvasia partners with Yes Bank to launch AI-enabled super app ‘Jumpp’Shriram GI Unveils Shri Health Suraksha Insurance – A Comprehensive and Affordable Health Plan

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Indian Students Win Bronze at Global Best M-Gov Award 2025 in Dubai: Three Indian computer science students from New Delhi have won the Bronze Award at the Global Best M-Gov Award 2025 during the World Government Summit (WGS) in Dubai.The award, along with a cash prize of $10,000, was presented by Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Vice President of the United Arab Emirates, during the opening day of the summit.The winning team comprised Sagar Teotia (team lead), Abhinav Mishra, and Anushka Singh, all fourth-semester computer science students from the Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi.They were recognized for their application AccessWay, an AI-powered platform that integrates augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence, and crowdsourced data to provide accessible navigation, social connections, and emergency tools for individuals with disabilities.

 

 

Daily GK Update- 11th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. MP govt partners with AIIMS Delhi for maternal, infant mortality rate reduction: Madhya Pradesh government has formed a strategic partnership with the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Delhi to seek its regular assistance.A delegation of senior officials associated with National Health Mission of the Madhya Pradesh government attended a meeting in AIIMS Delhi and signed an agreement with the country’s premier government health institution.The discussion was focused on exploring evidence-based interventions and policy frameworks to improve healthcare services in the state.

 

2. India’s Amendments to Nuclear Liability Laws: The Government of India has announced amendments to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damages Act (CLNDA) of 2010 and the Atomic Energy Act of 1962. This decision comes ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visits to Paris and Washington. The amendments aim to facilitate foreign nuclear investments, particularly from American and French companies, which have faced legal hurdles for over 15 years. The amendments mark a notable shift from the government’s previous stance in 2015. They are intended to revive stalled projects, such as the Electricite de France’s (EDF) agreement to build six reactors in Jaitapur and Westinghouse Electric Company’s (WEC) plans for six reactors in Kovvada.

 

3. Morand-Ganjal Irrigation Project: The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has raised concerns regarding the Morand-Ganjal Irrigation Project in Madhya Pradesh. This project threatens vital tiger habitats and disrupts ecological corridors between the Satpura and Melghat Tiger Reserves. The NTCA has urged authorities to consider alternative sites to reconcile development needs with conservation efforts. Both the Satpura and Melghat Tiger Reserves are currently in a recovery phase. This recovery is attributed to successful voluntary village relocations. The NTCA cautions that losing the ecological corridor could reverse the progress made in increasing tiger populations.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Assam to host World’s Largest Jhumur Festival: Assam will host the world’s largest Jhumur dance, also called Jhumoir, on February 24, 2025, ahead of the Advantage Assam 2.0 Investment Summit.With over 7,500 dancers, the event aims for a Guinness World Record and will be attended by PM Narendra Modi.This summit is a platform to showcase Assam’s rich traditions to a global audience and attract investors.The two-day event is expected to draw investors from all around India and the world, solidifying Assam’s standing as a new investment destination in the country.

 

2. Trump Declares February 9 ‘Gulf of America Day’ After Renaming ‘Gulf of Mexico’: US President Donald Trump has officially renamed the Gulf of Mexico as the “Gulf of America” and designated February 9 as “Gulf of America Day” through an executive order.The order, titled “Restoring Names That Honour American Greatness” (Executive Order 14172), instructs the US Secretary of the Interior to formalise the name change within 30 days.The executive order defines the newly named Gulf as including the “US Continental Shelf area bounded to the northeast, north, and northwest by Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, extending to the maritime boundary with Mexico and Cuba”.

 

3. Nokia picks Intel’s AI and data center leader Justin Hotard as new CEO: Pekka Lundmark, CEO of Nokia, will step down, with Justin Hotard appointed as his successor, effective April 1.Justin Hotard is currently the executive vice president and general manager of the Data Center & AI Group at Intel.Lundmark, who was appointed as Nokia’s CEO in 2020, will stay on as an advisor to Hotard until the end of the year.

 

4. 10 February – World Pulses Day: World Pulses Day is celebrated annually on 10 February to raise awareness about the importance of pulses in sustainable agriculture and global food security.Pulses, commonly known as legumes, are the edible seeds of leguminous plants grown for consumption. Among the various types, dry beans, lentils and peas are the most popular. It is a common element in various cuisines, ranging from Mediterranean hummus to Indian dal.In 2013, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution (A/RES/68/231), recognising 2016 as the International Year of Pulses. Led by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), it was started with the aim of raising public knowledge about the nutritional and environmental benefits of pulses.

 

5. 10 February – International Day of the Arabian Leopard: International Day of the Arabian Leopard is observed every year on 10 February.To raise awareness about the Arabian leopard, the United Nations General Assembly has proclaimed February 10 as the International Day of the Arabian Leopard in resolution 77/295.Classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, the rapid disappearance of the Arabian leopard represents a major setback for biodiversity conservation in its native region, underscoring the urgency of addressing the nature crisis that threatens ecosystems worldwide.

 

6. 11 February – World Unani Day: World Unani Day is observed annually on 11 February to commemorate the birth anniversary of Hakim Ajmal Khan, a prominent Unani physician and social reformer.The day aims to promote Unani medicine, an ancient system of healing with roots in Greece and the Middle East, and raise awareness about its benefits.Theme 2025 – Innovations in Unani Medicine for Integrative Health Solutions – A Way ForwardUnani medicine focuses on balancing the body’s four humors—blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile—for maintaining health.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Joint military exercise ‘Cyclone 2025’ between India and Egypt began in Rajasthan: A joint military exercise “Cyclone 2025”, between India and Egypt begin at the Mahajan Field Firing Range in Rajasthan.The 14-day exercise aims to enhance defence cooperation between India and Egypt by sharing professional skills and improving interoperability of special forces in desert environments.This is the third edition of Cyclone exercise. Counter-terrorism operations, reconnaissance, raids, and other specialized missions will be part of the exercises which will also involve special forces skills like sniping, combat free fall, reconnaissance, surveillance, and target designation. The Indian Army contingent is represented by personnel from The Parachute Regiment (Special Forces).The Egyptian contingent includes the Egyptian Commando Squadron and the Egyptian Airborne Platoon. Military cooperation between India and Egypt has strengthened in recent years. Both countries have emphasised the need to strengthen security efforts.

 

2. Pir Panjal winter festival begins in Jammu and Kashmir’s Poonch with focus on youth: The Indian Army launched the 51-day Pir Panjal Winter Festival in the border district of Poonch.Scheduled to conclude on March 31, the festival highlights the army’s dedication to youth empowerment, cultural preservation, and efforts being made to combat issues like drug abuse.The event will feature a range of sports and cultural activities, including a U-25 men’s cricket tournament, volleyball tournaments for men under-25 and women U-21, an open kho-kho competition for girls, as well as Gujari and Pahari folk dances and a dance talent hunt.

 

3. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurates Asia’s biggest Aero India show in Bangalore: Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has inaugurated Asia’s biggest 15^th Aero India show in Bengaluru.

The five-day event with the theme of Runway to a billion Opportunities will showcase India’s defence capabilities and indigenous innovations.Indian MSMEs and Startups have an opportunity to forge Joint ventures or collaborations with the global manufacturers and provide a resilient supply chain.Indigenously developed Light Combat Aircraft Tejas, Light Combat Helicopter Prachand, Advanced Light Helicopter and C 295 transport aircraft produced in India are on display. ADA has exhibited a newly designed prototype of Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft with fifth generation technology.

 

4. Indian Army and Indian Air Force conducts joint military exercise ‘Winged Raider’: The Indian Army and the Indian Air Force jointly conducted a comprehensive training exercise named EXWinged Raiders in the Eastern Theater.The exercise which was focused on special airborne operations was aimed to enhance inter-service synergy.The joint military exercise is part of the government of India’s effort to push for interoperability leading to the setting up of an integrated theatre command in the country.The exercise focused on special airborne operations and was conducted in the Eastern Theater of the Indian Army.

UK Launches Defence Partnership–India (DP-I): On February 10, 2025, the United Kingdom officially launched the Defence Partnership–India (DP-I). This initiative aims to deepen defence collaboration between the UK and India. The announcement coincided with the Aero India event, where several key agreements were signed. These agreements focus on advanced defence technologies and manufacturing capabilities. A notable development is the establishment of an Advanced Short-Range Air to Air Missile (ASRAAM) assembly and test facility in Hyderabad. This facility will manufacture missiles for the Jaguar and Light Combat Aircraft-Mk1A. The agreement aims to enhance India’s indigenous defence capabilities and support exports.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Varun Chakravarthy becomes 2nd oldest cricketer to make ODI debut for India: The Indian team handed mystery spinner Varun Chakravarthy his maiden ODI cap in the 2nd game of the three-match series.Varun received his cap from Ravindra Jadeja, after having a sensational T20I series against England, where he picked up 14 wickets from 5 matches.Varun, 33 years and 164 days old, became India’s second-oldest debutant in ODIs behind legendary wicketkeeper Farokh Engineer, who had made his debut in 1974 at the age of 36 years and 138 days.Varun has steadily risen in the 50-over format and was the best spinner in the recently concluded Vijay Hazare Trophy, India’s premier 50-over competition.

 

2. Former Sri Lankan captain Dimuth Karunaratne Retires from International Cricket: Former Sri Lankan captain and opener Dimuth Karunaratne bid farewell to international cricket after playing his 100th Test against Australia in Galle.The 36-year-old scored 36 and 14 in his final match, which Australia won by nine wickets to secure a 2-0 sweep of the series.He became only the seventh Sri Lankan cricketer to achieve the milestone of 100 Tests.During his career, Karunaratne amassed 7,222 Test runs at an impressive average of nearly 40, with a career-best score of 244. In addition to his Test achievements, he played 50 ODIs, scoring 1,316 runs.As captain, Karunaratne led Sri Lanka in 30 Tests between 2019 and 2023, achieving 12 wins and 12 losses during his tenure.

 

3. Jil Teichmann wins the Mumbai Open 2025 Tennis tournament: Jil Teichmann of Switzerland defeated Mananchaya Sawangkaew of Thailand to win the singles title of the 2025 Mumbai Open tennis tournament.The final of the 2025 Mumbai Open tennis tournament was played in Mumbai, Maharashtra.In the semi-final, Jil Teichman defeated Maaya Rajeshwaran Revathi, of India while Mananchaya Sawangkaew defeated Rebecca Marino of Canada to reach the final.In the doubles, the Russian pair of Elena Pridankina and Amina Anshba defeated India’s Prarthana Thombare and her Dutch partner Arianne Hartono 6(4)-7(7), 6-2, 10-7 in the final.The Mumbai Open is the biggest professional women’s tennis tournament in India and it returned after a gap of six years in 2024. Mumbai Open 2025 is the fourth edition of the tournament.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Atal Bhujal Yojana Expanded: The Atal Bhujal Yojana (ATAL JAL) is initiative by the Government of India aimed at sustainable groundwater management. Launched on 25 December 2019, it addresses the critical issue of groundwater depletion in India. The scheme initially targeted seven water-stressed states and is now set to expand to twelve states, including Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana. The scheme consists of two main components. The first is Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building, with an outlay of Rs 1,400 crore. The second is an Incentive Component, which has a budget of Rs 4,600 crore. These funds are allocated to encourage states to achieve groundwater management targets.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Tamil film ‘Bad Girl’ wins NETPAC Award at International Film Festival of Rotterdam : Bad Girl, the debut feature film by director Varsha Bharath, has won the NETPAC Award at the International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) 2025.The Tamil coming-of-age drama is presented by ace filmmakers Anurag Kashyap and Vetri Maaran.The NETPAC Award (Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema) is given annually to a standout feature film from the Asia and Pacific regions. It specifically recognises emerging talents, considering only the first and second features of directors.This project marks the Tamil debut of National Award-winning music director Amit Trivedi, who has composed six songs for the movie. The film has cinematography by Preetha Jayaraman, Jagadeesh Ravi, and Prince Anderson, and editing by Radha Sridhar.

 

 

Daily GK Update- 10th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 38th Surajkund International Crafts Mela kicks off in Faridabad: The 38th edition of the Surajkund International Crafts Mela, one of India’s biggest cultural events, kicked off and will run until February 23 in Faridabad.This highly anticipated event promises an extraordinary showcase of regional and international crafts, handlooms, traditions, and a variety of multi-cuisine food.Attracting over a million visitors annually from both India and around the world, the mela is organized by the Surajkund Mela Authority and Haryana Tourism, in collaboration with the Union Ministries of Tourism, Textiles, Culture, and External Affairs.This year, the fair is being celebrated as ‘Shilp Mahakumbh,’ inspired by the Maha Kumbh Mela 2025, with artisans from across the globe presenting their unique works. The event will feature more than 1,000 stalls, offering a diverse range of handicrafts, textiles, and cultural artifacts. This edition will also see participation from a record 648 artisans from 42 countries, bringing a global touch to the festival.

 

2. Maharashtra government launches Maitri 2.0 portal to make investment process hassle-free: To make the investment process hassle-free and without administrative and procedural delays, the Maharashtra government has launched the MAITRI (Maharashtra Industry, Trade and Investment Facilitation Cell) 2.0 Portal.The portal has integrated 119 services from 16 departments to create a seamless online ecosystem for government-to-business (G2B) services. The transparent processing of applications and the proactive escalation in case of delays from real-time tracking (RTS) Timelines ensure that services are rendered in a timely and efficient manner.

 

3. 32nd session of Indian Art History Congress begins: The 32nd session of the Indian Art History Congress begins in Noida, UP. Union Minister of Culture and Tourism, Gajendra Singh Shekhawat inaugurated the three-day event.The conference aims to be a platform that brings together conversations on the various forms of artistic and performative representations of the epics.The theme for this year event is “Rendering of Indian Epics in Art and Culture,” which aims to highlight the diverse forms of artistic expressions based on the epics.

 

4. Cabinet approves extension of tenure of National Commission for Safai Karamcharis for 3 years: The Centre has approved eight thousand 800 crore rupees for the Skill India programme for the period from 2022-23 to 2025-26.Demand-driven skill development is the focus of the government, and emphasis will be placed on convergence and quality enhancement.The Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0, the Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme, and the Jan Shikshan Sansthan Scheme are now combined under the composite central sector scheme of the Skill India Programme.The government has also approved the extension of the tenure of the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis for three years, till 31st March 2028.This would help in facilitating the socio-economic upliftment of sanitation workers, improving working conditions in the sanitation sector, and aiming to achieve zero fatalities while performing hazardous cleaning.

5. Biren Singh Quits As Chief Minister 2 Years After Manipur Violence Began: Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh resigned and handed over his papers to Governor Ajay Kumar Bhalla at the Raj Bhavan in Imphal. The development came amidst rumblings within the state BJP seeking a change of leadership in strife-torn Manipur.The governor accepted Singh’s resignation, along with that of his council of ministers, and requested that he continue in office until alternative arrangements are made.Biren Singh’s tenure as Manipur Chief Minister has been marked by several controversies, primarily centred on his handling of ethnic violence that erupted in May 2023, allegations of instigating conflict, and questions regarding his governance.The ethnic strife, which saw brutal clashes between the majority Meitei community in the Imphal Valley and the Kuki-Zo tribal groups in the surrounding hills, resulted in over 250 deaths and displaced thousands of people. The state’s inability to contain it raised serious concerns about Singh’s leadership.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. FICCI and Expo City Dubai Forge Partnership Ahead of 2025 Asia Pacific Cities Summit: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) has signed an MoU with Expo City Dubai during the Cities in Action Forum 2025 to boost international urban cooperation.The partnership will facilitate India’s participation in the Asia Pacific Cities Summit (APCS) & Mayor’s Forum in October 2025 at Expo City Dubai.The summit will bring together mayors, business leaders, and policymakers to address urban challenges, focusing on sustainability, infrastructure development, and climate resilience.The collaboration aligns with India’s Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT, offering opportunities for Indian urban leaders to engage with global experts and explore investment prospects.

 

2. India to host first ‘WAVES summit’ in Mumbai from 1 to 4 May: India will host the first World Audio Visual Entertainment Summit (WAVES) in Mumbai from May 1- 4, 2025.This summit will bring together the world’s top media CEOs, biggest entertainment icons, and creative minds from around the globe, unifying entertainment, creativity, and culture.The WAVES summit is being positioned by the government as India’s global event for the entertainment sector to what Davos is for the economic sector.The summit will spotlight advancements in animation, gaming, entertainment technology, and regional and mainstream cinema, fostering collaborations and setting the stage for India’s creative economy to shine globally.

 

3. Trump signs executive order banning transgender athletes from women’s sports: President Donald Trump has signed an executive order aimed at prohibiting transgender women and girls from competing in women’s sports.This move, framed as a restoration of fairness in sports, has ignited a fierce debate across political and social landscapes. Critics argue that the order discriminates against transgender individuals, while supporters hail it as a necessary step to uphold the integrity of women’s sports.Trump signed the executive order, titled “Keeping Men Out of Women’s Sports,” on National Girls and Women in Sports Day, a symbolic nod to its intent.

4. Singapore Is World’s Most Powerful Passport of 2025, India at 80th spot: The Singaporean passport has emerged as the strongest passport in the world with visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 193 out of 227 countries across the globe, according to the 2025 Henley Passport Index.

India found the 80th spot on the list, with easy access to 56 nations. Compiled by Henley & Partners, the index assessed 199 passports based on the data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA).Per the list, South Korea and Japan followed Singapore in the second position with easy access to 190 countries. Seven countries, including Spain, Germany, Italy, France, Ireland, Finland and Denmark shared the third rank with access to 187 destinations without prior visa requirements.India shared the 80th spot with Algeria, Equatorial Guinea, and Tajikistan. Its neighbour Myanmar secured the 88th sport with access to 45 destinations. Sri Lanka shared the 91st position with Iran and Sudan with access to 42 countries.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. India-Russia Deal on Klub-S Missile System: India has recently finalised an agreement with Russia to acquire anti-ship cruise missiles. This move aims to strengthen the operational capabilities of the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet. The specifics of the deal, such as the name, quantity, and cost of the missiles, have not been disclosed by the defence ministry. However, sources indicate that the deal involves the Klub-S missile system, part of the Kalibr missile family. The Indian Navy’s submarine fleet includes several Russian-origin vessels. Notable submarines include INS Sindhughosh and INS Sindhurakshak. Some submarines have been decommissioned and more are expected to retire soon. India is also exploring partnerships with Germany for future submarine construction while continuing to rely on Russian platforms.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Maguire suspended from bowling in international cricket : Ireland’s Aimee Maguire has been suspended from bowling in international cricket immediately after an Independent Assessment confirmed that the left-arm spinner uses an illegal bowling action.The 18-year-old was reported by match officials for a suspect bowling action during the first ODI of the ICC Women’s Championship series against India in Rajkot on 10 January.

 

2. Real Madrid legend Marcelo announces retirement from football: Real Madrid and Brazil defender Marcelo has announced his retirement at the age of 36.The left-back won five Champions League crowns and six La Liga titles with the Los Blancos and also represented his country in two World Cups during an illustrious career that spanned 19 years.

 

3. 9th Asian Winter Games kick off in Harbin: The 9th edition of the Asian Winter Games (AWG) 2025 has commenced in Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province in northeast China.Chinese President Xi Jinping officially declared the games open in the presence of International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach and other distinguished guests. The games will continue until the 14th February.A record 34 countries and regions are participating in these games. The 88-member Indian contingent, including 59 athletes and 29 team officials, will take part in the event.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Shiv Shakti Point’s Age : India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission marked milestone in lunar exploration. On August 23, 2023, India became the first nation to achieve a soft landing on the moon’s south pole. The mission’s landing site, known as Shiv Shakti point, is estimated to be around 3.7 billion years old. This age coincides with the emergence of primitive microbial life on Earth. The findings from Chandrayaan-3 contribute to our understanding of the moon’s evolution. The age of the landing site aligns with critical events in Earth’s history. The geological features observed may offer clues about the moon’s past conditions and the potential for life in similar environments.

 

2. Heart Failure Trends and Mortality in India: India’s heart failure landscape presents alarming statistics. Recent findings reveal that heart failure patients in India are nearly a decade younger than those in high-income countries. The National Heart Failure Registry (NHFR) indicates a one-year mortality rate of 25%, with variations based on the underlying cause of heart failure. Addressing the high mortality rates associated with heart failure requires comprehensive strategies. These include enhancing disease management, increasing awareness, and ensuring timely medical interventions.

 

3. ISRO Successfully Tests CE20 Cryogenic Engine Ignition: On February 7, 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducted an ignition trial of the CE20 cryogenic engine. This engine powers the upper stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3). The test took place at the High Altitude Test Facility in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. Restarting a cryogenic engine is complex. To address this, ISRO is investigating the use of turbopumps in bootstrap mode. This method aims to enable both the thrust chamber and gas generator to reignite under the expected tank head conditions during flight.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. RBI forms Working Group to review trading and settlement timings of financial markets : The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has established a 9-member Working Group to conduct a comprehensive review of the trading and settlement timings for financial markets.The group will examine various developments in the financial sector over recent years, including the increased electronification of trading, the availability of Forex and certain interest rate derivative markets operating on a 24×5 basis, the growing participation of non-residents in domestic financial markets, and the round-the-clock availability of payment systems.The Working Group will be chaired by Radha Shyam Ratho, Executive Director at the Reserve Bank of India, and will include eight other members.The Working Group’s primary objective is to review the current trading and settlement timings for various financial markets regulated by the RBI. This includes the functioning hours of market infrastructures for trading, clearing, settlement, and transaction reporting. Additionally, the group will analyze any challenges or frictions arising from the current timings, such as their impact on price/rate transmission across markets, market volatility, trade distribution, liquidity requirements, and netting efficiency.

 

2. IDFC FIRST Bank, Ikonz launch Amitabh Bachchan’s AI avatar: IDFC FIRST Bank, in partnership with Ikonz, has used the latest artificial intelligence (AI) avatar of Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan at 10 more branches in 5 new cities including Delhi, Gurugram, Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Hyderabad.The initiative allows Bachchan to connect with another 70 million people.Last year, Ikonz partnered with IDFC FIRST Bank to bring the legend’s AI avatar as the face of all banking communication at their Juhu Branch in Mumbai. In a short span, the initiative has been widely accepted and has led to better efficiency and customer trust.Bachchan, during the launch, said the one of its kind initiatives using the latest technology will help him to connect with people in a unique way.This partnership between IDFC FIRST Bank and Ikonz Studios leverages the power of AI and Holographic Extended Reality to create an immersive experience.Founder and CEO of Ikonz Studios- Abinav Varma Kalidindi

 

3. RBI approves two voluntary urban co-operative bank amalgamations: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved two voluntary amalgamations in the urban co-operative bank (UCB) space — The Citizen Co-operative Bank (Vasco-De-Gama, Goa) with TJSB Sahakari Bank (Thane, Maharashtra) and Pune Commercial Co-operative Bank (Satara, Maharashtra) with Pimpri Chinchwad Sahakari Bank (Pune, Maharashtra).The Scheme of Amalgamation of The Citizen Cooperative Bank with TJSB Sahakari Bank has been sanctioned in exercise of the powers conferred on it under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.The Scheme will come into force with effect from February 10, 2025, whereby the branches of Goa-based UCB will function as branches of TJSB Sahakari Bank.The Scheme of Amalgamation of Pune Commercial Co-operative Bank with Pimpri Chinchwad Sahakari Bank has been sanctioned in exercise of the powers conferred on it under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

 

Daily GK Update- 9th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Budget 2025: Grameen Credit Score to serve credit needs of self-help groups: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has announced Grameen Credit Score, a framework to be developed by the public sector banks for the credit needs of the members of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and people in rural areas.Public Sector Banks will develop a ‘Grameen Credit Score’ framework to serve the credit needs of SHG members and people in rural areas.GCS will complement existing microfinance models and work alongside credit scores like CIBIL and CRIF Highmark for assessing loans. This score will be integrated with the SVAMITVA Scheme.

 

2. Budget 2025: Government proposes Rationalization of Customs Tariff Structure: The Union Budget 2025-26 introduces major exemptions under Basic Customs Duty (BCD) to rationalize tariff structure and address duty inversion.The proposals are set to support domestic manufacturing and value addition while promoting exports, facilitating trade, and providing relief to common people.Delivering on the promise to review the customs rate structure announced in July 2024, the Budget proposes removing seven customs tariff rates for industrial goods over and above those removed in Budget 2023-24. This will leave only eight tariff rates, including the ‘zero’ rate.

 

3. Budget 2025: Where does the money come from and where does it go?: As per the Union Budget 2025-26 presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, a total of ₹65 lakh crore will be spent during the financial year 2025-26 by the Indian government.This budget mainly explicates the receipts and expenditure on cash for the country’s growth, where tax revenues, borrowings, and non-tax revenues feature dominantly in its funding.

 

4. Odisha Govt. launches multiple initiatives to empower girl ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’: The Odisha government has launched a series of initiatives under the ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ scheme, which aims to address the alarming gender imbalance and declining child sex ratio in India.Key programs such as “Nirbhaya Kadhi” (Fearless Bud), “Mo Gelha Jiya” (My Dear Daughter) in Ganjam, “Kalpana Avijan” in Dhenkanal, “Swarna Kalika” in Keonjhar, and “Veerangana Yojana” in Deogarh district are designed to empower adolescent girls.These initiatives focus on preventing child marriage, combating sex selection and female foeticide, promoting higher education, and building self-esteem and confidence through martial arts and self-defense.“Nirbhaya Kadhi” (Fearless Bud) and “Mo Gelha Jhia” (My Lovely Daughter) in Ganjam District: The “Nirbhaya Kadhi” initiative by Ganjam district administration under BBBP aims to create a just society for girls. It has reached 183,933 adolescent girls in 3,309 villages, focusing on raising awareness.

 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. BIMSTEC Youth Summit 2025 to kick off in Gandhinagar, Gujarat : The Department of Youth Affairs, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports, Government of India, is organizing the BIMSTEC Youth Summit from 7th to 11th February 2025 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya will formally inaugurate the event on 8th February 2025, marking the beginning of the BIMSTEC Youth Summit.During the 4th BIMSTEC Summit in Kathmandu on 30th -31st August 2018, the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India announced the hosting of a three-day BIMSTEC Youth Summit, aimed at bringing together the youth of BIMSTEC nations on a unified platform to exchange experiences and insights on youth-led initiatives undertaken by member states.The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is a regional organization comprising seven member states: India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Nepal, and Bhutan.

 

2. US Sanctions Impact on India’s Chabahar Port Project: The recent directive from the Trump administration raises concerns regarding the future of India’s Chabahar port project in Iran. This move is part of a broader strategy aimed at increasing pressure on Iran to curb its nuclear ambitions and military activities. The Chabahar port is crucial for India as it provides a direct route to Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan. India has heavily invested in this project, viewing it as essential for regional connectivity and trade. India’s trade with Iran has diminished due to US sanctions. In the fiscal year 2018-2019, India imported goods worth around $13 billion from Iran. However, imports plummeted to less than $1 billion annually from 2019-2020 onwards. The sanctions have strained India’s economic ties with Iran, complicating its strategic interests in the region.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Stryker Infantry Combat  Vehicles: Recently, the focus on India-U.S. defence collaboration intensified, particularly concerning the Stryker infantry combat  vehicles. This comes in the wake of U.S. President Donald Trump‘s encouragement for India to increase military procurement from the U.S. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s upcoming visit to Washington D.C. has further brought into light this strategic partnership. The Stryker vehicle’s performance in high-altitude conditions has been a key area of evaluation for the Indian Army. India’s procurement strategy involves a two-stage process. Initially, a small number of Strykers will be directly imported. Subsequently, a larger quantity will be manufactured in India, likely by Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML). This approach aims to enhance local defence manufacturing capabilities.

 

2. ITBP Establishes New Company Operative Base in Chhattisgarh: The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) has opened a new Company Operative Base (COB) in Kutul, Chhattisgarh. This area is a stronghold for Naxalite activity. The establishment of the COB aims to enhance security and reduce Naxalite influence in the Abhujhmad region. This region is known for its dense forests and hilly terrain, making it a challenging area for law enforcement. The new COB in Kutul serves multiple purposes. It aims to deter Naxalite activities in the region. The ITBP believes that a stronger presence will instil confidence among local residents. This initiative aligns with Mission Kagar-2026, aimed at eradicating Naxalism in Chhattisgarh. The ITBP’s presence is expected to encourage local populations to engage with the mainstream.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. India’s Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Revolution: India’s electric vehicle (EV) charging market is experiencing growth. Recent investments have exceeded $450 million in start-ups focused on charging networks and battery-swapping models. Despite this, the current infrastructure is inadequate. There is only one public charger for every 135 EVs, compared to a global average of one charger for every 6 to 20 EVs. To meet ambitious government targets, urgent expansion of charging facilities is essential. Government initiatives have played important role in attracting investment. The Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME II) scheme and Production-Linked Incentives (PLI) have been implemented. Various state governments have introduced policies offering subsidies and support for land acquisition, particularly in urban areas.

 

2. SARAT Version 2: The Government of India has recently upgraded its Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) to enhance operational efficiency for search and rescue agencies. The latest version, SARAT version 2, aims to provide faster response times and higher success rates in search-and-rescue operations, particularly in the Indian Ocean region. The latest version introduces several enhancements. The computation of probable search areas is now anchored to the Last Known Position (LKP) of the object. This shift allows for more accurate search area definitions. Previously, the search area was determined based on the point with the minimum longitude, which was less precise.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. RBI Introduces Additional Factor Authentication for International Transactions: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced enhancement to the security of online payments. This new measure focuses on cross-border “Card Not Present” (CNP) transactions. The introduction of Additional Factor of Authentication (AFA) aims to ensure that international digital transactions using Indian-issued cards are as secure as domestic ones. This move comes in response to the increasing volume of online shopping and the associated rise in fraud risks. The RBI’s proposal will require cardholders to undergo additional verification when making international purchases. This may include OTPs sent to registered mobile numbers or biometric checks. The RBI aims to issue a draft circular for stakeholder feedback shortly. This initiative is part of a broader framework to improve the security of digital payments in India.

 

2. Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching (NDS-OM) Platform: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently announced policy change. Non-bank brokers registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) will now have access to the Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching (NDS-OM) platform. This initiative aims to increase retail participation in government securities trading. The RBI’s decision reflects an ongoing effort to enhance liquidity and accessibility for individual investors in the financial market. Sebi’s consultation paper from October 2024 proposed a framework for stock brokers to engage in trading government securities. Brokers must maintain a separate business unit for these activities, ensuring an arm’s-length relationship with their other operations. They will also need to establish agreements with members of the Clearing Corporation of India (CCIL) for transaction settlements.