Daily GK Update- 23rd Feb, 2025

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Kotak Mahindra Prime appoints Shahrukh Todiwala as new MD & CEO: Kotak Mahindra Prime, a subsidiary of Kotak Mahindra Bank (KMB), has appointed Shahrukh Todiwala as the new MD, CEO of the company.Todiwala succeeds Vyomesh Kapasi, who will now take over as the head of product-consumer bank vertical at KMB.

 

2. NITI Aayog CEO Subrahmanyam’s tenure extended by one year: The Centre has extended the tenure of NITI Aayog Chief Executive Officer (CEO) B V R Subrahmanyam by one year.Subrahmanyam, a 1987-batch retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer ofChhattisgarhcadre, was in February 2023 appointed to the post for a period of two years.The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has approved extension in Subrahmanyam’s tenure as NITI Aayog CEO for a period of one year beyond February 24, 2025.

 

3. Soyabean Market Trends and Government Procurement Challenges: In recent months, the Indian soyabean market has faced challenges despite government interventions. The central government has procured 20 lakh tonnes of soyabean, yet wholesale prices remain stagnant. This situation raises questions about the effectiveness of procurement strategies and market dynamics. Contrary to expectations, the wholesale market in Latur, Maharashtra, has seen prices drop. During November and December, the price per quintal hovered around Rs 4,200, lower than previous averages. This decline suggests a disconnect between government procurement efforts and market realities. Traders express concerns that prices may not recover soon, especially with government stocks still in play.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Brazil Joins OPEC+ Forum to Balance Oil Production and Energy Transition Goals: Brazil has joined the OPEC+ Forum as an observer, signaling a calculated move to balance its role as a major oil producer with its energy transition ambitions.The decision by the National Council for Energy Policy, allows Brazil to participate in discussions without committing to policies like production cuts or price controls.As the world’s seventh-largest oil producer, Brazil pumps 4.3 million barrels of crude daily, contributing 4% of global output. In 2024, crude oil became the country’s top export, accounting for 13.3% of total sales and surpassing soybeans.OPEC+, which includes 23 countries producing nearly 40% of the world’s crude oil, coordinates production policies to stabilize markets.OPEC members comprise Algeria, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela. OPEC+ members include Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Brunei, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, Oman, Russia, South Sudan and Sudan. OPEC and OPEC+ members accounted for 53% of global crude oil production in 2023, compared to 60% in 2016. Brazil’s crude oil output represented 4% of global oil production in 2023.

 

2. Mount Fentale Volcano Emits Methan: Mount Fentale has been emitting methane at an alarming rate. Starting from 31 January, emissions peaked at 58 metric tonnes per hour. This is far greater than typical volcanic emissions, which usually consist of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Methane is known to be 28 times more effective at trapping heat than carbon dioxide over a century. Mount Fentale is not known for frequent eruptions. Its last recorded eruption was in 1820, which resulted in lava flow. Historical records indicate earlier eruptions, including one in the 13th century that devastated an Abyssinian town. Recent signs of volcanic activity, such as magma intrusion, were noted as early as September 2024.

 

3. India’s Role in UN Peacekeeping Missions: India has long been contributor to United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions. Recently, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar reaffirmed India’s commitment to supporting Global South nations in enhancing their peacekeeping capacities. This commitment includes training and capacity-building initiatives, particularly for women peacekeepers. India’s extensive involvement in peacekeeping reflects its dedication to maintaining international peace and security.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Indian Army Enhances CBRN Defence with ACADA Systems: The Indian Army has recently contracted 223 Automatic Chemical Agent Detection and Alarm (ACADA) systems from L&T Limited. This procurement, valued at ₹80.43 crore, is part of a broader initiative to modernise the army’s capabilities against chemical warfare threats. The ACADA systems are designed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and will boost the army’s chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) defence capabilities. ACADA features two IMS cells for continuous and simultaneous monitoring of toxic agents. It is portable and can be easily deployed in various environments. The system includes audio and visual alarms to alert personnel in case of detection. Additionally, it can be mounted on vehicles for enhanced mobility.

 

2. Naval Anti-Ship Missile Short Range (NASM-SR): Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Navy successfully conducted flight trials of the Naval Anti-Ship Missile Short Range (NASM-SR) at the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur, Odisha. This milestone marks advancement in India’s defence capabilities. The trials showcased the missile’s sophisticated features, particularly its “Man-in-Loop” capability, which allows for in-flight retargeting. The missile was launched from an Indian Naval Seaking helicopter. During the trials, it first locked onto a large target within a designated search area. In the terminal phase, the pilot retargeted it to a smaller concealed target. This demonstrated the missile’s ability to accurately hit targets while in sea-skimming mode at maximum range.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Why is Mars Red? : For years, scientists believed that the Mars’ red hue was solely due to iron minerals rusting in dry conditions. However, new research indicates a wetter history for Mars. This research combines spacecraft data from the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA with advanced laboratory experiments. The findings suggest that ferrihydrite, an iron oxide requiring water to form, is key to understanding Mars’ distinctive colour. Researchers employed a combination of ground-based and orbital observations. They used analytical techniques similar to those of orbiting spacecraft to recreate Martian dust. By grinding minerals into fine powders, they simulated the dust particles found on Mars. This method allowed them to match their synthetic dust’s properties with those of actual Martian samples.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Recent Penalties imposed on Banks by RBI: Nainital Bank Ltd (₹40 lakh ) – for non-compliance with certain directions on ‘Interest Rate on Advances’ and ‘Customer Service in BanksUjjivan Small Finance Bank (₹70 lakh) – for non-compliance with certain directions issued by RBI on ‘Loans and Advances – Statutory and Other Restrictions.’Shriram Finance (₹80 lakh) – for non-compliance with certain provisions, including Know Your Customer (KYC) guidelines and directions on ‘Data Format for Furnishing of Credit Information to Credit Information Companies.’

Equitas Small Finance Bank (Rs 65 lakh) – for deficiencies in regulatory compliancesIndia Post Payments Bank (26.70 lakh) – for deficiencies in regulatory compliances.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Sunil Bharti Mittal receives Honorary Knighthood by British High Commission: Sunil Bharti Mittal, Founder and Chairman of Bharti Enterprises, has received the insignia of the Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE).This honor follows the announcement in 2024 that His Majesty The King had graciously conferred the Honorary Knighthoodupon Mittal for his significant contributions to UK-India business relations, as stated by the British High Commission in New Delhi.The KBE is one of the highest honors awarded to foreign nationals in recognition of exceptional contributions to various fields, and Mittal’s leadership has undoubtedly had a profound impact on India-UK relations.

 

Daily GK Update- 22nd Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Mising Tribe Celebrates Ali Ai Ligang Festival: The Mising tribe, Assam’s largest tribal community, recently celebrated the Ali Ai Ligang festival. This festival marks the beginning of the sowing season and is deeply rooted in the agricultural traditions of the Mising people. Celebrated on the first Wednesday of the month of Fagun, the festival showcases the tribe’s rich cultural heritage and agricultural practices. Ali Ai Ligang is a traditional festival that signifies the start of cultivation. The name translates to “sowing of seeds and roots.” It reflects the Mising people’s connection to agriculture and their reliance on the land. The festival is a time for community gathering and celebration.

 

2.Amritpal Singh’s Parliament Attendance Plea: Amritpal Singh, the incarcerated Member of Parliament (MP) from Khadoor Sahib, has petitioned the  Punjab and Haryana High Court to attend the ongoing Parliament session. This request comes as he faces the risk of losing his seat due to his prolonged absence. Singh has been detained since April 2023 under the National Security Act and has only attended one session since being elected. Amritpal Singh has a mere 2% attendance record since his election. He attended only the session where he was sworn in. As of now, he has accumulated nearly 50 absences. The law mandates that if an MP exceeds the absence limit without permission, the House must vote to declare the seat vacant. However, in practice, this provision has never been invoked to vacate an MP’s seat.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India Takes Chairmanship of Bay of Bengal Organisation: India has recently assumed the Chairmanship of the Bay of Bengal Inter-Governmental Organisation (BOBP-IGO) from Bangladesh. This transition took place during the 13th Governing Council Meeting held in Malé, Maldives. The event was part of a high-level conference focused on mainstreaming ecosystem approaches to fisheries management in small-scale fisheries. Key areas identified by India for enhanced cooperation include marine resource management, training and capacity-building programmes, research and policy advocacy, and addressing Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. India aims to encourage collaboration among member nations to tackle regional challenges effectively.

 

2. Cancer Care Challenges in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) presents health challenges worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. In India, the burden of AML is acute, with late-stage diagnoses and limited access to advanced treatment options. Despite global advancements in cancer care, disparities remain evident in patient outcomes, especially in rural areas. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving survival rates. Socioeconomic status affects access to AML care. Patients from rural areas experience heightened challenges, including logistical issues related to travelling for treatment. Public hospitals often face resource shortages, while private facilities may be financially inaccessible. This disparity necessitates a more nuanced approach to healthcare delivery.

 

3. 27th Western Zonal Council Meeting: Union Home Minister Amit Shah led the 27th Western Zonal Council meeting in Pune, Maharashtra, on Saturday. The meeting included the Chief Ministers of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Goa, the Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and senior government officials from the state and central ministries.  Zonal Councils remain vital for encouraging cooperative federalism in India. They facilitate dialogue between states, addressing issues of common interest and enhancing collaboration among regions. The concept of Zonal Councils was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1956. This initiative aimed to counteract linguistic conflicts following the reorganisation of states. By grouping states into councils, Nehru sought to encourage cooperative governance. The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 formalised the establishment of five Zonal Councils.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. MoD, BEL Sign Contract for  Software Defined  Radios: The Indian Ministry of Defence has recently signed contract with Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) for the procurement of 149 Software Defined Radios (SDRs). This contract, valued at ₹1220.12 crore, was finalised on 20th February 2025. It marks a very important move towards enhancing the operational capabilities of the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and aligns with the government’s broader objectives for maritime security and indigenous defence manufacturing. The procurement of SDRs will also enhance interoperability between the Indian Coast Guard and the Indian Navy. Improved communication systems will facilitate better coordination during joint operations, thereby strengthening national maritime security.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. AI Tools for Real-Time Antibiotic Resistance Tracking: A collaborative initiative involving IIIT-Delhi, CHRI-PATH, Tata 1mg, and the Indian Council of Medical Research has led to the development of AMRSense. This AI-powered tool analyses routine hospital data to provide timely vital information about antibiotic resistance patterns. The findings were published in The Lancet Regional Health Southeast Asia, showcasing a six-year study across 21 tertiary care centres in India. The AMROrbit Scorecard is another innovation from this research. It provides a visual representation of resistance trends for hospitals. By comparing local data with global averages, it helps identify areas needing intervention. The scorecard aims to position hospitals within an ideal quadrant of low resistance and low change rates.

2. Sinking of Iraq’s Zagros Mountains: Recent geological studies have revealed that the northern region of Iraq, particularly around the Zagros Mountains, is experiencing slow but geological changes. A research team has identified a sinking oceanic slab beneath the Earth’s surface that is gradually pulling this area downwards. This phenomenon is a result of complex tectonic processes occurring over millions of years. The Neotethys oceanic slab is a remnant of an ancient oceanic floor that formed over 66 million years ago. This slab is currently located beneath the Zagros Mountains and is slowly sinking into the Earth’s mantle. The ongoing separation of this slab from the continental plates has created a growing tear, leading to the gradual subsidence of the surrounding region.

 

3. What is HKU5-CoV-2?: Recent research has brought to light a new bat coronavirus named HKU5-CoV-2. This discovery was made at the Wuhan Institute of Virology in China. Scientists have noted its similarities to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The study has raised questions about potential human transmission and pandemic risks. Despite its ability to infect human cells in laboratory settings, researchers believe the transmission risk from HKU5-CoV-2 is lower than that of SARS-CoV-2. The study’s authors have cautioned against alarmism, emphasising the need for careful monitoring without inciting panic.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Working Hours and Economic Impact in India: A working paper titled ‘Time Spent on Employment-Related Activities in India’ was recently released by the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister.  The analysis is based on the 2019 Time Use Survey conducted by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Gujarat, Punjab, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Kerala are the top five states where over 70 hours of work per week is common. In Gujarat, 7.2% of the population works these long hours. In comparison, Bihar has only 1.1% of its workforce in this category. Nationally, 4.55% of the workforce exceeds 70 hours per week.

 

2. Recent Controversies About Ex-Gratia Payments: The recent ex-gratia compensation disbursal to the families of victims from the New Delhi railway station stampede has sparked debate. The Ministry of Railways provided cash payments of Rs 10 lakh to the next of kin of the deceased. This raised questions about the appropriateness of cash payments in such situations. Ex-gratia payments arise from goodwill. They do not involve admitting wrongdoing. Compensation, however, is a legal requirement. It is aimed at reimbursing losses incurred due to negligence or harm. About this distinction is crucial in evaluating the government’s role in disaster response.

 

3. RBI Conducts $10 Billion Dollar/Rupee Swap Auction: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced $10 billion three-year dollar/rupee swap auction. Scheduled for February 28, this initiative aims to address the persistent liquidity deficits within the banking system. The RBI’s recent actions reflect a proactive approach to stabilising the financial landscape amidst ongoing cash shortages. The extended maturity of the swap indicates the RBI’s intent to ensure effective transmission of future rate cuts. The central bank recently cut the repo rate for the first time in nearly five years. Sufficient liquidity is crucial for lenders to implement these cuts effectively.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Shaktikanta Das Appointed Principal Secretary to PM: Shaktikanta Das, the former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has been appointed as Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of India as of February 22, 2025. This appointment marks shift in the Indian bureaucratic landscape as Das brings a unique blend of experience in both monetary and fiscal policy. His role will be very important in coordinating efforts across various ministries and advising the Prime Minister on critical economic matters. Shaktikanta Das joined the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) in 1980, representing the Tamil Nadu cadre. He graduated with a degree in history from St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi. Over the years, he held several key positions, including Secretary of Fertilisers and Revenue Secretary in the Ministry of Finance. His tenure as RBI Governor spanned from 2018 to December 2024.

 

 

Daily GK Update- 21st Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Meesho launches ‘creator marketplace’ to ramp up influencer-driven traffic: Meesho has introduced a ‘creator marketplace platform’ to strengthen its influencer-driven content commerce strategy after seeing success with over 14 million influencer-driven purchases in the past year.The company is collaborating with content creators who reflect diverse lifestyles, aiming to provide a personalized shopping experience tailored for the Indian market.Meesho’s influencer-driven approach has led to nearly 10 times growth in categories such as women’s Western wear, jewellery, footwear, home décor, kidswear, and beauty products.Meesho is committed to supporting both large and micro creators across metro and tier-2+ cities by providing tools and resources to thrive in the evolving digital commerce landscape.

 

2. Govt removes caste, income restrictions for free coaching under PM-CARES: The government has introduced an updated scheme to provide high-quality coaching to children covered under the PM CARES scheme along with students from Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs).Originally launched during the Sixth Five-Year Plan, the free coaching scheme has undergone multiple revisions over the years to enhance its effectiveness. The latest update extends its benefits to PM CARES beneficiaries, removing caste and income-related restrictions for these students.Under the scheme, students will receive coaching for a wide range of competitive examinations, according to the guidelines of the updated scheme. These include Civil Services examinations conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and State Public Service Commissions, as well as officer-grade recruitment tests for banks, insurance companies, and public sector undertakings (PSUs).

 

3. Union Health Ministry launches Intensified Special NCD Screening Drive to ensure 100% coverage of all individuals: In view of the escalating burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in the country, the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has launched an Intensified Special NCD Screening Campaign.Running from 20th February to 31st March 2025, this ambitious initiative aims to achieve 100% screening of all individuals aged 30 years and above for prevalent NCDs, including Diabetes Hypertension, and three common cancers—Oral, Breast, and Cervical.

The campaign will be executed across Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs) and various healthcare facilities nationwide, under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD).The Intensified Screening Campaign aims to achieve the following-100% Screening Coverage– The campaign aims to ensure early detection and timely intervention for NCDs.

 

4. Govt extends Chief Economic Adviser Nageswaran’s term until March 2027: India’s Chief Economic Adviser V Anantha Nageswaran’s term has been extended by two years until March 2027.Nageswaran was appointed to the position in 2022 and has also served as a part-time member of the economic advisory council to the prime minister from 2019 to 2021.Nageswaran authored India’s annual economic survey in January that projected GDP growth at 6.3 per cent-6.8 per cent in the next fiscal year that starts on April 1.

 

5. Rekha Gupta sworn in as 9th Chief Minister of Delhi: Mrs Rekha Gupta of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was sworn in as the 4th woman and 9th Chief Minister of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.While, Parvesh Sahib Singh Verma, who defeated former CM Arvind Kejriwal in the recently held 8th Delhi Legislative Assembly Election 2025, was sworn in as the Deputy Chief Minister of NCT Delhi.The first-time MLA from Shalimar Bagh constituency, Rekha Gupta and her six cabinet ministers were administered the oath of office and secrecy by the Lieutenant Governor of NCT Delhi, Vinai Kumar Saxena, at a function held at the Ramlila Maidan in Delhi.Delhi LG V K Saxena administered the oath of office and secrecy to Ms. Gupta and six Cabinet Ministers. They are Parvesh Sahib Singh, Ashish Sood, Manjinder Singh Sirsa, Ravinder Indraj Singh, Kapil Mishra, and Pankaj Kumar Singh, who also took the oath.The BJP won 48 seats in the 70-member Delhi Legislative Assembly election held on 5th February 2025. The ruling Aam Aadmi Party won only 22 seats, and its founder and former Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal lost his seat to Parvesh Verma of the BJP.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 9th Asia Economic Dialogue organised in Pune: The 9th Asia Economic Dialogue has been organised in Pune, Maharashtra. The Asia Economic Dialogue is External Affairs Ministry’s annual flagship ‘Track 1.5 Dialogue’ on Geoeconomics.The theme of the Dialogue is “Economic Resilience and Resurgence in an Era of Fragmentation.”The Dialogue explored key contemporary topics in geo-economics, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation, economic imperatives of Cyber Security, and facets of Blue Economy in Indian Ocean Region and beyond. It also aims to address the complexities of economic fragmentation and identify actionable pathways for resilience and resurgence.

 

2. Google opens new office Ananta in Bengaluru: Google has officially opened Ananta, its newest and one of its biggest campuses globally, in Bengaluru.Situated in Mahadevapura, the campus marks another step in the company’s long-standing presence in India.Ananta is designed to support teams working across various Google services, and with the launch of this large office space, Google now has over 10,000 employees across multiple locations in India, including Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Gurugram, Mumbai, and Pune.The Ananta campus, meaning limitless in Sanskrit, spans 1.6 million square feet and can accommodate over 5,000 employees. Various Google teams working on Android, Search, Pay, Cloud, Maps, Play, and DeepMind, among others, will operate from this new space.

 

3. 20 February – World Day of Social Justice: World Day of Social Justice is observed annually on February 20.The day highlights the need for social justice in eliminating poverty, ensuring decent work, gender equality, and access to education and healthcare.Theme 2025 – Empowering Inclusion: Bridging Gaps Of Social JusticeThe ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization was unanimously approved by the International Labour Organization (ILO) on June 10, 2008. This is the third significant statement of principles and policies adopted by the International Labour Conference since the 1919 ratification of the ILO Constitution.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Goa Shipyard Showcases Indigenous Naval Vessels at NAVDEX 2025: Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL), one of India’s premier defense shipbuilding yards, is showcased its indigenously designed Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs) and Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs) at NAVDEX 2025 in Abu Dhabi.These vessels highlight India’s growing capabilities in naval innovation and self-reliance under the “Make in India” initiative.The Fast Patrol Vessel (Model) on display is a 50-meter-long, high-speed craft capable of reaching 35 knots. Designed and built in-house by GSL, it is primarily intended for patrolling, anti-smuggling, and anti-terrorist operations.Additionally, it can serve as a coastal convoy escort and a communication link during wartime. The vessel is powered by three 2,720 kW diesel engines driving independent waterjets, offering high maneuverability and efficiency.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. 34th ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup table tennis tournament begins in China: The 34th edition of the ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup table tennis tournament begins in Shenzhen, China.India’s men’s team is led by world No. 42 Sharath Kamal, a five-time Olympian and reigning Commonwealth Games singles champion.The squad also includes world No. 60 Manav Thakkar and world No. 70 Harmeet Desai. The Indian women’s team features Paris 2024 Olympian Sreeja Akula, Ayhika Mukherjee, and Yashaswini Ghorpade.The event features men’s and women’s singles competitions, with 32 players in each category. The top four semi-finalists in both events will qualify for the ITTF World Cup 2025, scheduled for April.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Technology Adoption Fund : The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe) has recently launched a ₹500-crore Technology Adoption Fund (TAF). This initiative aims to support space technology firms, particularly startups and MSMEs, in creating commercially viable products. The TAF is a strategic move to reduce India’s reliance on imported space solutions and boost domestic research and development. TAF is open to all eligible Non-Government Entities (NGEs) that demonstrate commercial potential. The initiative not only provides financial backing but also offers technical guidance and mentoring. This dual support system is crucial for overcoming challenges in product development.

 

2. Majorana 1 Quantum Chip: Microsoft has recently introduced Majorana 1, a quantum chip that promises enhanced reliability and scalability of qubits. This development marks advancement in quantum computing technology. Microsoft aims to create a fully functional quantum computer by 2027-2029. The Majorana 1 chip employs a novel type of particle known as Majorana, fabricated using topological conductors. These materials exist in a unique topological state, differing from conventional states of matter. Topological conductors, or topoconductors, are crucial to the functionality of Majorana 1. Unlike traditional semiconductors made of silicon, topoconductors are composed of indium arsenide and aluminium. When cooled near absolute zero and subjected to magnetic fields, these materials exhibit unique properties that are essential for stable qubit formation.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Eurobank partners with LTIMindtree to elevate banking operations and IT services: Eurobank has established a strategic multi-year partnership with Indian IT giant LTIMindtree to modernise its banking operations and enhance its technology ecosystem. As part of this collaboration, Eurobank has established a new global delivery centre at LTIMindtree’s Pune office.This centre, set up in partnership with Fairfax Digital Services, a subsidiary of Canada’s Fairfax Financial, is designed to spearhead technology innovation, digital transformation, and the maintenance of key banking applications.LTIMindtree has also been selected as the services partner for Eurobank Luxembourg’s Temenos implementation program. This initiative builds on Eurobank’s group-wide IT overhaul that began in 2019, leveraging Temenos T24 Transact and T24 Infinity solutions.

 

2. Mirae Asset Sharekhan Expands into Life Insurance Distribution with ICICI Prudential, HDFC Life Partnerships: Mirae Asset Sharekhan, a leading financial services platform, has entered the life insurance distribution sector through strategic partnerships with ICICI Prudential Life Insurance and HDFC Life.This move aligns with the company’s vision of offering a one-stop financial platform that integrates wealth creation with long-term financial security.With a growing number of retail investors in the stock market, Mirae Asset Sharekhan aims to bridge the gap between investment and financial protection by providing a diverse range of life insurance products. These include:Term Life & Health Plans – Ensuring income protection and financial security for dependents.Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs) – Offering market-linked returns alongside life cover.Endowment Plans – Providing risk-free savings with life cover for family security.Annuity & Retirement Solutions – Ensuring financial stability post-retirement.

 

3. India’s GDP growth rate to slow to 6.4% in 2025: Moody’s Analytics: India’s growth is anticipated to decelerate to 6.4% in 2025 from 6.6% in 2024, due to new US tariffs and weaker global demand affecting exports, according to Moody’s Analytics.In its report titled ‘Asia-Pacific Outlook: Chaos Ahead’, Moody’s Analytics said growth across the Asia-Pacific economy will slow in 2025 as trade tensions, policy shifts, and, uneven recoveries knock the region’s fortunes.As per its APAC forecast, India’s GDP is expected to grow 6.4 percent both in 2025 and 2026 fiscal years.

 

Daily GK Update- 20th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Zomato unveils AI-powered platform Nugget to help businesses scale up: Food and delivery platform Zomato has introduced Nugget, an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered customer support platform designed to help businesses streamline their operations.Nugget is a no-code, AI-powered customer support solution that enables businesses to automate customer service without requiring technical expertise.It is designed to handle up to 80 per cent of customer queries autonomously, continuously learning and adapting in real time, Goyal boasts.

 

2. Manohar Lal Khattar opens Delhi Metro’s first vertical solar plant: Housing and Urban Affairs Minister Manohar Lal Khattar has inaugurated the country’s first vertical bi-facial solar plant installation.He also inaugurated a one-megawatt (MW) rooftop solar plant at Khyber Pass depot of the Delhi Metro.The 50 kilowatt (KW) capacity vertical solar plant at Okhla Vihar station will use bi-facial panels designed to capture sunlight from both sides.This is a pilot project and more such plants will be installed based on its performance.With the inauguration of the rooftop capacity at the Khyber Pass metro depot in Timarpur, DMRC currently has 51 MW of total onsite rooftop solar capacity. These plants are present in 93 Stations and 15 depots of the Delhi metro system.

 

3. Kerala to be first state in country to collect, dispose of expired drugs: The Kerala government has launched ‘New Programme for Removal of Unused Drugs’ (nPROUD) to collect and scientifically dispose of expired and unused medicines.This is the first government-led initiative in India to address the safe disposal of medicines, starting in Kozhikode Corporation and Ulliyeri Panchayat.Unused medicines will be collected from homes or designated disposal facilities, with plans for statewide expansion. Improper disposal of medicines can cause antimicrobial resistance, health hazards, and environmental pollution, making this initiative crucial.

 

4. CCI approves amalgamation of Chaitanya India Fin Credit and Svatantra Holdings into Svatantra Microfin: The Competition Commission of India has approved amalgamations of Chaitanya India Fin Credit Private Limited and Svatantra Holdings Private Limited into Svatantra Microfin Private Limited.SHPL is engaged in the business of making investments in equity shares, preference shares and other securities.The proposed transaction relates to the amalgamation of Svatantra Holdings Private Limited (SHPL) and Chaitanya India Fin Credit Private Limited (CIFCPL) into Svatantra Microfin Private Limited (SMPL), through the Scheme of Amalgamation entered into between SHPL, CIFCPL, SMPL and their respective shareholders as has been approved by the board of directors.CIFCPL is engaged in the business of providing micro finance loans and personal loans to low-income individuals and households in rural/ semi-urban areas. CIFCPL is a middle layer non-deposit taking NBFC-MFI registered with the RBI. in 2009. SMHFCL is a registered Non-deposit Taking Housing Finance Company (NBFC HFC) (Middle Layer).

 

5. Shivraj Singh Chouhan inaugurated 77th Session of Executive Committee of the AARDO in New Delhi : Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan has inaugurated the 77th Session of the Executive Committee (EC-77) of the African-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO) in New Delhi, with participation from senior officials of AARDO member countries.The session proposed new leadership for AARDO (President and Vice Presidents), review budget estimates, approve new memberships and MOUs, and assess development projects, HRD programs, and regional office activities from May 2023 to October 2024.AARDO is established in 1962. AARDO is a multilateral organization promoting rural and agricultural development across 32 member countries in Africa and Asia, with India playing a key role in its support and operations.The Indian government has been a long-term supporter of AARDO, providing financial assistance for infrastructure and facilitating its headquarters in New Delhi, along with active participation in governance and development initiatives.

 

6. Jitendra Singh Inaugurates India’s First “Open-Air Art Wall Museum” at Mausam Bhawan: Union Minister Jitendra Singh has inaugurated India’s first ‘Open Air Art Wall Museum’ at Mausam Bhawan in New Delhi.It depicts and celebrates the 150-year milestone journey of the India Meteorological Department (IMD).The initiative, developed in collaboration with ‘Delhi Street Art’, transforms the walls of IMD’s headquarters on Lodhi Road into a vibrant visual narrative of India’s meteorological advancements, history, and the impact of weather science on society.

 

7. TRIFED signs MoUs with Meesho, IFCA & Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Rural Industrialisation: Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Ltd (TRIFED) has signed MoUs with Meesho, IFCA, and MGIRI during the ‘Aadi Mahotsav’ event to implement a B2B approach, enhancing market access for tribal products.Meesho will onboard tribal products onto its platform and provide training, IFCA will connect tribal businesses with culinary professionals and hotels, while MGIRI will offer training and capacity building for artisans.About TRIFED– TRIFED is an organization under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, GoI, dedicated to the socio-economic development of tribal communities through the marketing development of tribal products.About Meesho– Meesho is an Indian e-commerce platform that primarily focuses on social commerce. It allows individuals and small businesses to sell products online through their portal and often through social media channels like WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram.

 

8. Rekha Gupta takes oath as Delhi CM: Mrs Rekha Gupta takes oath as the new Chief Minister of Delhi at the iconic Ramlila Maidan in New Delhi. Rekha Gupta has won the Shalimar Bagh seat in the Delhi assembly elections.She began her political journey with ABVP at the Daulat Ram College of Delhi University, in 1992. She became the President of the Delhi University Students’ Union. Rekha Gupta has also served as the General Secretary of BJP Mahila Morcha in Delhi.Rekha will be the fourth woman Chief Minister of Delhi after Sushma Swaraj, Sheila Dikshit and Atishi.The BJP has returned to power in Delhi after over 26 years, ending the 10-year rule of the Arvind Kejriwal-led AAP.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India-Argentina forge agreement for Lithium exploration & mining: India and Argentina signed an MoU to expand cooperation in lithium exploration and investment.The agreement between MECL (India) and the Catamarca government aims to boost critical mineral resource development.The collaboration is expected to accelerate lithium exploration, enhance resource security, and create investment opportunities for Indian companies.Argentina, known for its vast lithium reserves as part of the ‘Lithium Triangle,’ is a crucial partner for India in securing essential minerals required for electric vehicle batteries and renewable energy storage.The discussions covered ongoing lithium exploration efforts by Khanij Bidesh India Ltd. (KABIL) & Greenko in Catamarca and the possibilities of increasing the participation of Indian companies in mining projects of Argentina.Both sides explored avenues for investment, long-term supply agreements, and joint ventures that would help strengthen India’s access to this critical mineral.

 

2. India and Nepal Strengthen Scientific Ties with CSIR-NAST MoU: India’s Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and Nepal’s Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) signed an MoU to enhance scientific and technological collaboration.The partnership, dating back to 1994, has facilitated joint research, workshops, and training programs.The 2025 MoU focuses on collaborative initiatives like knowledge exchange, research projects, and training programs in key scientific fields.This renewed agreement aims to strengthen Indo-Nepal cooperation in innovation, economic progress, and regional development.

 

3. PM Modi to inaugurate 1st edition of SOUL Leadership Conclave: Prime Minister Narendra Modi will inaugurate the first edition of the SOUL Leadership Conclave at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi.Bhutan Prime Minister Dasho Tshering Tobgay will deliver the keynote address as the Guest of Honor.The two-day SOUL Leadership Conclave will serve as a premier platform where leaders from diverse domains like politics, sports, arts and media, the spiritual world, public policy, business and the social sector will share their inspiring life journeys.The conclave will foster an ecosystem of collaboration and thought leadership, facilitating learning from both failures and successes, to inspire young audiences.

 

4. India elected vice president of International Organization of Aids to Marine Navigation: India has been elected to the vice presidency of the International Organization of Aids to Marine Navigation (IALA) in Singapore.The first General Assembly of IALA also marks its transition from a non-governmental organization (NGO) to an inter-governmental organization (IGO), where India was elected to its Vice Presidency.India is hosting the IALA Council meeting in December 2025 and the IALA Conference & General Assembly in September 2027 in Mumbai.India’s election to this prominent position reinforces its dedication to advancing maritime safety, enhancing navigational aids, and fostering international cooperation within the maritime sector.

 

5. EAM Jaishankar to attend G20 Foreign Ministers’ meeting in South Africa: External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar will participate in the G20 Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, scheduled for February 20-21 in Johannesburg, South Africa.Jaishankar will attend the meeting at the invitation of South Africa’s Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Ronald Lamola.On the sidelines of the summit, Jaishankar is also set to hold bilateral meetings with his counterparts from other participating countries.South Africa assumed the G20 presidency on December 1, 2024, and will hold the position until November 2025.The G20, comprising 19 leading economies along with the European Union and African Union, represents 85% of global GDP, over 75% of international trade, and about two-thirds of the world’s population. The presidency rotates annually among members.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Javelin Anti-Tank Guided Missile: India and the United States have recently strengthened their military partnership. Following a meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Donald Trump, both nations announced plans for new procurements and co-production of the Javelin anti-tank guided missile. This collaboration aims to enhance India’s defence capabilities. Javelin has an effective range of 2.5 kilometres. It employs automatic infrared guidance, which enhances its accuracy. The missile uses a top-attack profile, climbing above its target to strike at its weakest point. This design allows for effective engagement of modern tanks. The system consists of a missile housed in a disposable launch tube and a reusable command launch unit.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Majorana 1 Quantum Chip: Microsoft has recently introduced Majorana 1, a quantum chip that promises enhanced reliability and scalability of qubits. This development marks advancement in quantum computing technology. Microsoft aims to create a fully functional quantum computer by 2027-2029. The Majorana 1 chip employs a novel type of particle known as Majorana, fabricated using topological conductors. These materials exist in a unique topological state, differing from conventional states of matter. Topological conductors, or topoconductors, are crucial to the functionality of Majorana 1. Unlike traditional semiconductors made of silicon, topoconductors are composed of indium arsenide and aluminium. When cooled near absolute zero and subjected to magnetic fields, these materials exhibit unique properties that are essential for stable qubit formation.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. IRDAI permits one-time UPI mandate for buying life, health cover: The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has permitted a one-time mandate for blocking the amount towards premium through Unified Payments Interface (UPI) mandate for issue of life and health insurance policies.Under the facility called the Bima Applications Supported by Blocked Amount (Bima-ASBA), the transfer of money from the prospect to the insurer happens only when an insurance policy is issued. In this facility, insurers can offer a one-time mandate for blocking a certain amount through UPI in the bank account for the concerned prospect.The amount towards the insurance premium will be debited only after the insurer decides to accept the proposal. In case the insurer does not accept the proposal, the amount shall be unblocked and shall be available at the disposal of the prospect.Insurers have been asked to send a proposal form to policyholders through a standard declaration to block the amount through UPI and have been mandated to offer the facility to both life and health insurance policyholders. 

 

2. SEBI cancels registration of 19 foreign venture capital investors: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has cancelled the registrations of 19 foreign venture capital institutions (FVCI) after investigations found that they had been violating capital market regulations.Among the 14 entities whose strike-off dates were available, 11 had been defunct for more than five years, while three had been defunct for periods ranging from 10 months to three years in their respective jurisdictions. SEBI had issued show-cause notices to these 19 entities in December 2024, but did not receive any response.

 

Daily GK Update- 19th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Kerala govt allocates additional ₹300 crore for integrated healthcare scheme: The Kerala government has allocated an additional ₹300 crore for Karunya Arogya Suraksha Padhathi (KASAP), its integrated health protection scheme designed to provide coverage to over 64 lakh poor and vulnerable people in the State.With this additional allocation, the total amount earmarked for the flagship scheme in the present financial year has gone up to ₹54 crore.KASAP aims at providing a health cover of ₹5 lakh annually to over 41.99 lakh poor and vulnerable families (approximately 64 lakh beneficiaries) that form the bottom 40 per cent of the Kerala population.

 

2. HAL and IIIT Dharwad sign MoU for collaborative research, skill development: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has signed an MoU with Indian Institute of Information Technology, Dharwad to strengthen industry-academia collaboration in advanced technologies.The partnership will focus on joint research, internships, and technical education in areas such as Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Robotics, AR/VR, and Digital Manufacturing, particularly in applications relevant to the aerospace and defence sectors.Under this MoU, HAL officers will have opportunities to pursue higher education at IIIT Dharwad, while students will gain hands-on experience through internships at HAL’s various divisions.

 

3. Government approves Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan Scheme till 2025-26: The Centre has approved continuation of the integrated Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) scheme during the 15th Finance Commission cycle up to 2025-26.The integrated PM-AASHA Scheme is aimed at effective implementation of procurement operations, which is crucial for providing remunerative prices to farmers and also controlling price volatility of essential commodities.Under the Price Support Scheme (PSS) of the integrated PM-AASHA Scheme, the procurement of the notified pulses, oilseeds and copra conforming to the prescribed Fair Average Quality (FAQ) is undertaken by the central nodal agencies at the MSP (minimum support price) directly from the pre-registered farmers through the State level agencies.

 

4. Gyanesh Kumar appointed as new Chief Election Commissioner: Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar has been appointed as the 26th Chief Election Commissioner (CEC). He succeeded Rajiv Kumar.CEC Gyanesh Kumar is a former IAS officer from the 1988 batch of the Kerala cadre. He has served as secretary in the ministry of parliamentary affairs.Vivek Joshi has been appointed as the new Election Commissioner. He is an IAS officer from the 1989 batch of the Haryana cadre. President Droupadi Murmu has appointed both commissioners.As the next Chief Election Commissioner, he would be in charge of elections in five states – Opposition-ruled Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and NDA-ruled Bihar and Assam — in the immediate future. The election in Bihar is due later this year – the rest take place in 2026.

 

5. PD Singh appointed as CEO of Standard Chartered India: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has given its approval to appoint corporate banking veteran and former JP Morgan India CEO Prabdev (PD) Singh as the CEO for Standard Chartered (StanC) in India.Singh will start his three-year term on April 1 succeeding Zarin Daruwala who retires from the bank at the end of March.Singh brings nearly three decades of experience, having previously served as CEO of JP Morgan Chase Bank in India, where he played a key role in shaping the bank’s corporate banking franchise.

 

6. SBI Cards appoints Salila Pande as MD & CEO: Salila Pande has been appointed as the MD & CEO of SBI Cards and Payment Services Board, with effect from 1 April 2025.The appointment of Pande, who has been nominated by the State Bank of India, will be for a period of two years.The board has approved the appointment of Pande pursuant to the superannuation of AbhijitChakravorty from the services of the State Bank of India from March 31, 2025, it said.Pande is the chief general manager at the State Bank of India. She is a career banker and had joined the SBI in 1995 as a probationary officer and has been with the country’s largest banking group since then.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. APEDA facilitates first-ever sea shipments of Indian pomegranates to Australia: The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) in collaboration with AgroStar and Kay Bee Exports successfully completed India’s first-ever commercial trial shipments of premium Sangola and Bhagwa pomegranates respectively to Australia via sea.The first air shipment took place in July 2024, following the successful market access facilitation by APEDA and National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO).The first-ever sea-freight shipment departed from India on December 6, 2024 and arrived in Sydney on January 13, 2025 with 5.7 metric tons (MT) of pomegranates sourced from the Solapur region of Maharashtra, packed into 1,900 boxes, each containing 3 kg of premium fruit.

 

2. Meta introduces subsea internet cable Project Waterworth to cross over 50,000 km: Meta introduced its internet subsea cable Project Waterworth, which will cross 50,000 km in length and bring enhanced connectivity to the U.S., India, Brazil, South Africa, and other locations whilst becoming the longest subsea cable project in the world.The investment involves billions of dollars and is set to span across years, in a bid to bring AI access to users all around the world.Subsea cables projects, such as Project Waterworth, are the backbone of global digital infrastructure, accounting for more than 95% of intercontinental traffic across the world’s oceans to seamlessly enable digital communication, video experiences, online transactions, and more.

According to Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) data, the country hosts around 17 international subsea cables across 17 district landing stations.

 

3. India among most affected countries by climate change from 1993-2022: CRI: India is among the nations hit hardest by extreme weather over the past 30 years, according to the newly released 2025 Climate Risk Index (CRI).Between 1993 and 2022, the country endured more than 400 extreme events — including floods, heatwaves, and cyclones — leading to 80,000 fatalities and economic losses nearing $180 billion.The CRI measures both the human and economic consequences of climate-related disasters, ranking countries based on fatalities, damages, and the number of people affected.Climate Risk Index puts India in sixth place among the 10 most affected countries, showing high absolute fatalities and economic losses in addition to high absolute and relative numbers of people affected. The report highlights the country’s increasingly frequent extreme weather events over the past three decades, including floods, heat waves, cyclones, and droughts.

 

4. Wipro names Amit Kumar as Managing Partner and Global Head of Consulting: Amit Kumar has been appointed as Managing Partner and Global Head of Wipro Consulting.He will lead Wipro’s AI-driven growth and help clients with business and technology transformations.Amit brings 24 years of experience across various industries like High-Tech, Energy, Automotive, and Retail.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. 6th Edition of Exercise Dharma Guardian: The sixth edition of Exercise Dharma Guardian is set to take place at Mount Fuji, Japan from February 25 to March 9, 2025. This joint military exercise between India and Japan aims to enhance interoperability between their armed forces. It focuses on urban warfare and counter-terrorism operations under a United Nations mandate. The exercise follows the successful visit of India’s Chief of the Army Staff to Japan in October 2024, which laid the groundwork for stronger bilateral defence cooperation. In addition to tactical training, the exercise promotes cultural exchanges. These interactions encourage understanding of each other’s traditions and values. Such social components are essential for effective collaboration in real-world scenarios.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Uganda’s Jacob Kiplimo Becomes First to Run Half-Marathon Under 57 Minutes: Jacob Kiplimo from Uganda has made history in the half-marathon. He became the first person to run the race in under 57 minutes.Kiplimo finished in 56 minutes, 42 seconds in Barcelona. The 24-year-old set the record at the World Athletics Gold Label race.He broke the old record of 57:30 set by Ethiopia’s Yomif Kejelcha in October. Kiplimo beat the record by 48 seconds, the biggest improvement ever.He was the half-marathon record holder from 2021 to 2024. With this run, he reclaimed his title. Kiplimo also set a world best time of 39:47 for 15 kilometers during the race

 

 

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. DoT and ITU Join Hands to Explore Future-Ready Infrastructure Planning with AI- Driven Digital Twin Technologies: The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) have signed a Letter of Intent to explore AI-driven Digital Twin technologies for advanced infrastructure planning.DoT’s “Sangam: Digital Twin” initiative creates a virtual replica of physical infrastructure, including telecom networks. This initiative enables real-time monitoring, simulation, and analysis to enhance infrastructure planning and development.By integrating advanced technologies like AI and 5G, Digital Twin optimizes decision-making, improves efficiency and supports future-ready digital infrastructure.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. LIC launches marketing tech platform under project DIVE; set to redefine customer engagement: State-owned Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has launched its marketing technology (MarTech) platform to redefine customer engagement.The platform is the first major milestone in project DIVE (Digital Innovation and Value Enhancement).This launch represents LIC’s first step towards becoming a global digital champion in the insurance industry, leveraging world-class technology to revolutionize customer engagement at an unprecedented scale.The MarTech platform introduces an intelligent, multi-channel engagement capability, enabling LIC to run hyper-personalized, always-on campaigns that enhance customer experience and drive business growth.

 

2. IRDAI unveils Bima Trinity plan, reviews insurance sector at 9th Bima Manthan: The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) held the 9th edition of Bima Manthan, its quarterly review meeting with insurance company CEOs.The discussions focused on the performance of the life and general insurance industry, the progress of the state insurance plan, distribution reforms, and enhancing disclosure and transparency.A key highlight of the meeting was the unveiling of Bima Trinity, a transformative initiative aimed at enhancing accessibility, affordability, and efficiency in the insurance sector.