Daily GK Update- 11th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. MP govt partners with AIIMS Delhi for maternal, infant mortality rate reduction: Madhya Pradesh government has formed a strategic partnership with the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Delhi to seek its regular assistance.A delegation of senior officials associated with National Health Mission of the Madhya Pradesh government attended a meeting in AIIMS Delhi and signed an agreement with the country’s premier government health institution.The discussion was focused on exploring evidence-based interventions and policy frameworks to improve healthcare services in the state.

 

2. India’s Amendments to Nuclear Liability Laws: The Government of India has announced amendments to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damages Act (CLNDA) of 2010 and the Atomic Energy Act of 1962. This decision comes ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visits to Paris and Washington. The amendments aim to facilitate foreign nuclear investments, particularly from American and French companies, which have faced legal hurdles for over 15 years. The amendments mark a notable shift from the government’s previous stance in 2015. They are intended to revive stalled projects, such as the Electricite de France’s (EDF) agreement to build six reactors in Jaitapur and Westinghouse Electric Company’s (WEC) plans for six reactors in Kovvada.

 

3. Morand-Ganjal Irrigation Project: The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has raised concerns regarding the Morand-Ganjal Irrigation Project in Madhya Pradesh. This project threatens vital tiger habitats and disrupts ecological corridors between the Satpura and Melghat Tiger Reserves. The NTCA has urged authorities to consider alternative sites to reconcile development needs with conservation efforts. Both the Satpura and Melghat Tiger Reserves are currently in a recovery phase. This recovery is attributed to successful voluntary village relocations. The NTCA cautions that losing the ecological corridor could reverse the progress made in increasing tiger populations.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Assam to host World’s Largest Jhumur Festival: Assam will host the world’s largest Jhumur dance, also called Jhumoir, on February 24, 2025, ahead of the Advantage Assam 2.0 Investment Summit.With over 7,500 dancers, the event aims for a Guinness World Record and will be attended by PM Narendra Modi.This summit is a platform to showcase Assam’s rich traditions to a global audience and attract investors.The two-day event is expected to draw investors from all around India and the world, solidifying Assam’s standing as a new investment destination in the country.

 

2. Trump Declares February 9 ‘Gulf of America Day’ After Renaming ‘Gulf of Mexico’: US President Donald Trump has officially renamed the Gulf of Mexico as the “Gulf of America” and designated February 9 as “Gulf of America Day” through an executive order.The order, titled “Restoring Names That Honour American Greatness” (Executive Order 14172), instructs the US Secretary of the Interior to formalise the name change within 30 days.The executive order defines the newly named Gulf as including the “US Continental Shelf area bounded to the northeast, north, and northwest by Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, extending to the maritime boundary with Mexico and Cuba”.

 

3. Nokia picks Intel’s AI and data center leader Justin Hotard as new CEO: Pekka Lundmark, CEO of Nokia, will step down, with Justin Hotard appointed as his successor, effective April 1.Justin Hotard is currently the executive vice president and general manager of the Data Center & AI Group at Intel.Lundmark, who was appointed as Nokia’s CEO in 2020, will stay on as an advisor to Hotard until the end of the year.

 

4. 10 February – World Pulses Day: World Pulses Day is celebrated annually on 10 February to raise awareness about the importance of pulses in sustainable agriculture and global food security.Pulses, commonly known as legumes, are the edible seeds of leguminous plants grown for consumption. Among the various types, dry beans, lentils and peas are the most popular. It is a common element in various cuisines, ranging from Mediterranean hummus to Indian dal.In 2013, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution (A/RES/68/231), recognising 2016 as the International Year of Pulses. Led by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), it was started with the aim of raising public knowledge about the nutritional and environmental benefits of pulses.

 

5. 10 February – International Day of the Arabian Leopard: International Day of the Arabian Leopard is observed every year on 10 February.To raise awareness about the Arabian leopard, the United Nations General Assembly has proclaimed February 10 as the International Day of the Arabian Leopard in resolution 77/295.Classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, the rapid disappearance of the Arabian leopard represents a major setback for biodiversity conservation in its native region, underscoring the urgency of addressing the nature crisis that threatens ecosystems worldwide.

 

6. 11 February – World Unani Day: World Unani Day is observed annually on 11 February to commemorate the birth anniversary of Hakim Ajmal Khan, a prominent Unani physician and social reformer.The day aims to promote Unani medicine, an ancient system of healing with roots in Greece and the Middle East, and raise awareness about its benefits.Theme 2025 – Innovations in Unani Medicine for Integrative Health Solutions – A Way ForwardUnani medicine focuses on balancing the body’s four humors—blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile—for maintaining health.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Joint military exercise ‘Cyclone 2025’ between India and Egypt began in Rajasthan: A joint military exercise “Cyclone 2025”, between India and Egypt begin at the Mahajan Field Firing Range in Rajasthan.The 14-day exercise aims to enhance defence cooperation between India and Egypt by sharing professional skills and improving interoperability of special forces in desert environments.This is the third edition of Cyclone exercise. Counter-terrorism operations, reconnaissance, raids, and other specialized missions will be part of the exercises which will also involve special forces skills like sniping, combat free fall, reconnaissance, surveillance, and target designation. The Indian Army contingent is represented by personnel from The Parachute Regiment (Special Forces).The Egyptian contingent includes the Egyptian Commando Squadron and the Egyptian Airborne Platoon. Military cooperation between India and Egypt has strengthened in recent years. Both countries have emphasised the need to strengthen security efforts.

 

2. Pir Panjal winter festival begins in Jammu and Kashmir’s Poonch with focus on youth: The Indian Army launched the 51-day Pir Panjal Winter Festival in the border district of Poonch.Scheduled to conclude on March 31, the festival highlights the army’s dedication to youth empowerment, cultural preservation, and efforts being made to combat issues like drug abuse.The event will feature a range of sports and cultural activities, including a U-25 men’s cricket tournament, volleyball tournaments for men under-25 and women U-21, an open kho-kho competition for girls, as well as Gujari and Pahari folk dances and a dance talent hunt.

 

3. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurates Asia’s biggest Aero India show in Bangalore: Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has inaugurated Asia’s biggest 15^th Aero India show in Bengaluru.

The five-day event with the theme of Runway to a billion Opportunities will showcase India’s defence capabilities and indigenous innovations.Indian MSMEs and Startups have an opportunity to forge Joint ventures or collaborations with the global manufacturers and provide a resilient supply chain.Indigenously developed Light Combat Aircraft Tejas, Light Combat Helicopter Prachand, Advanced Light Helicopter and C 295 transport aircraft produced in India are on display. ADA has exhibited a newly designed prototype of Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft with fifth generation technology.

 

4. Indian Army and Indian Air Force conducts joint military exercise ‘Winged Raider’: The Indian Army and the Indian Air Force jointly conducted a comprehensive training exercise named EXWinged Raiders in the Eastern Theater.The exercise which was focused on special airborne operations was aimed to enhance inter-service synergy.The joint military exercise is part of the government of India’s effort to push for interoperability leading to the setting up of an integrated theatre command in the country.The exercise focused on special airborne operations and was conducted in the Eastern Theater of the Indian Army.

UK Launches Defence Partnership–India (DP-I): On February 10, 2025, the United Kingdom officially launched the Defence Partnership–India (DP-I). This initiative aims to deepen defence collaboration between the UK and India. The announcement coincided with the Aero India event, where several key agreements were signed. These agreements focus on advanced defence technologies and manufacturing capabilities. A notable development is the establishment of an Advanced Short-Range Air to Air Missile (ASRAAM) assembly and test facility in Hyderabad. This facility will manufacture missiles for the Jaguar and Light Combat Aircraft-Mk1A. The agreement aims to enhance India’s indigenous defence capabilities and support exports.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Varun Chakravarthy becomes 2nd oldest cricketer to make ODI debut for India: The Indian team handed mystery spinner Varun Chakravarthy his maiden ODI cap in the 2nd game of the three-match series.Varun received his cap from Ravindra Jadeja, after having a sensational T20I series against England, where he picked up 14 wickets from 5 matches.Varun, 33 years and 164 days old, became India’s second-oldest debutant in ODIs behind legendary wicketkeeper Farokh Engineer, who had made his debut in 1974 at the age of 36 years and 138 days.Varun has steadily risen in the 50-over format and was the best spinner in the recently concluded Vijay Hazare Trophy, India’s premier 50-over competition.

 

2. Former Sri Lankan captain Dimuth Karunaratne Retires from International Cricket: Former Sri Lankan captain and opener Dimuth Karunaratne bid farewell to international cricket after playing his 100th Test against Australia in Galle.The 36-year-old scored 36 and 14 in his final match, which Australia won by nine wickets to secure a 2-0 sweep of the series.He became only the seventh Sri Lankan cricketer to achieve the milestone of 100 Tests.During his career, Karunaratne amassed 7,222 Test runs at an impressive average of nearly 40, with a career-best score of 244. In addition to his Test achievements, he played 50 ODIs, scoring 1,316 runs.As captain, Karunaratne led Sri Lanka in 30 Tests between 2019 and 2023, achieving 12 wins and 12 losses during his tenure.

 

3. Jil Teichmann wins the Mumbai Open 2025 Tennis tournament: Jil Teichmann of Switzerland defeated Mananchaya Sawangkaew of Thailand to win the singles title of the 2025 Mumbai Open tennis tournament.The final of the 2025 Mumbai Open tennis tournament was played in Mumbai, Maharashtra.In the semi-final, Jil Teichman defeated Maaya Rajeshwaran Revathi, of India while Mananchaya Sawangkaew defeated Rebecca Marino of Canada to reach the final.In the doubles, the Russian pair of Elena Pridankina and Amina Anshba defeated India’s Prarthana Thombare and her Dutch partner Arianne Hartono 6(4)-7(7), 6-2, 10-7 in the final.The Mumbai Open is the biggest professional women’s tennis tournament in India and it returned after a gap of six years in 2024. Mumbai Open 2025 is the fourth edition of the tournament.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Atal Bhujal Yojana Expanded: The Atal Bhujal Yojana (ATAL JAL) is initiative by the Government of India aimed at sustainable groundwater management. Launched on 25 December 2019, it addresses the critical issue of groundwater depletion in India. The scheme initially targeted seven water-stressed states and is now set to expand to twelve states, including Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana. The scheme consists of two main components. The first is Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building, with an outlay of Rs 1,400 crore. The second is an Incentive Component, which has a budget of Rs 4,600 crore. These funds are allocated to encourage states to achieve groundwater management targets.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Tamil film ‘Bad Girl’ wins NETPAC Award at International Film Festival of Rotterdam : Bad Girl, the debut feature film by director Varsha Bharath, has won the NETPAC Award at the International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) 2025.The Tamil coming-of-age drama is presented by ace filmmakers Anurag Kashyap and Vetri Maaran.The NETPAC Award (Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema) is given annually to a standout feature film from the Asia and Pacific regions. It specifically recognises emerging talents, considering only the first and second features of directors.This project marks the Tamil debut of National Award-winning music director Amit Trivedi, who has composed six songs for the movie. The film has cinematography by Preetha Jayaraman, Jagadeesh Ravi, and Prince Anderson, and editing by Radha Sridhar.

 

 

Daily GK Update- 10th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 38th Surajkund International Crafts Mela kicks off in Faridabad: The 38th edition of the Surajkund International Crafts Mela, one of India’s biggest cultural events, kicked off and will run until February 23 in Faridabad.This highly anticipated event promises an extraordinary showcase of regional and international crafts, handlooms, traditions, and a variety of multi-cuisine food.Attracting over a million visitors annually from both India and around the world, the mela is organized by the Surajkund Mela Authority and Haryana Tourism, in collaboration with the Union Ministries of Tourism, Textiles, Culture, and External Affairs.This year, the fair is being celebrated as ‘Shilp Mahakumbh,’ inspired by the Maha Kumbh Mela 2025, with artisans from across the globe presenting their unique works. The event will feature more than 1,000 stalls, offering a diverse range of handicrafts, textiles, and cultural artifacts. This edition will also see participation from a record 648 artisans from 42 countries, bringing a global touch to the festival.

 

2. Maharashtra government launches Maitri 2.0 portal to make investment process hassle-free: To make the investment process hassle-free and without administrative and procedural delays, the Maharashtra government has launched the MAITRI (Maharashtra Industry, Trade and Investment Facilitation Cell) 2.0 Portal.The portal has integrated 119 services from 16 departments to create a seamless online ecosystem for government-to-business (G2B) services. The transparent processing of applications and the proactive escalation in case of delays from real-time tracking (RTS) Timelines ensure that services are rendered in a timely and efficient manner.

 

3. 32nd session of Indian Art History Congress begins: The 32nd session of the Indian Art History Congress begins in Noida, UP. Union Minister of Culture and Tourism, Gajendra Singh Shekhawat inaugurated the three-day event.The conference aims to be a platform that brings together conversations on the various forms of artistic and performative representations of the epics.The theme for this year event is “Rendering of Indian Epics in Art and Culture,” which aims to highlight the diverse forms of artistic expressions based on the epics.

 

4. Cabinet approves extension of tenure of National Commission for Safai Karamcharis for 3 years: The Centre has approved eight thousand 800 crore rupees for the Skill India programme for the period from 2022-23 to 2025-26.Demand-driven skill development is the focus of the government, and emphasis will be placed on convergence and quality enhancement.The Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0, the Pradhan Mantri National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme, and the Jan Shikshan Sansthan Scheme are now combined under the composite central sector scheme of the Skill India Programme.The government has also approved the extension of the tenure of the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis for three years, till 31st March 2028.This would help in facilitating the socio-economic upliftment of sanitation workers, improving working conditions in the sanitation sector, and aiming to achieve zero fatalities while performing hazardous cleaning.

5. Biren Singh Quits As Chief Minister 2 Years After Manipur Violence Began: Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh resigned and handed over his papers to Governor Ajay Kumar Bhalla at the Raj Bhavan in Imphal. The development came amidst rumblings within the state BJP seeking a change of leadership in strife-torn Manipur.The governor accepted Singh’s resignation, along with that of his council of ministers, and requested that he continue in office until alternative arrangements are made.Biren Singh’s tenure as Manipur Chief Minister has been marked by several controversies, primarily centred on his handling of ethnic violence that erupted in May 2023, allegations of instigating conflict, and questions regarding his governance.The ethnic strife, which saw brutal clashes between the majority Meitei community in the Imphal Valley and the Kuki-Zo tribal groups in the surrounding hills, resulted in over 250 deaths and displaced thousands of people. The state’s inability to contain it raised serious concerns about Singh’s leadership.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. FICCI and Expo City Dubai Forge Partnership Ahead of 2025 Asia Pacific Cities Summit: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) has signed an MoU with Expo City Dubai during the Cities in Action Forum 2025 to boost international urban cooperation.The partnership will facilitate India’s participation in the Asia Pacific Cities Summit (APCS) & Mayor’s Forum in October 2025 at Expo City Dubai.The summit will bring together mayors, business leaders, and policymakers to address urban challenges, focusing on sustainability, infrastructure development, and climate resilience.The collaboration aligns with India’s Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT, offering opportunities for Indian urban leaders to engage with global experts and explore investment prospects.

 

2. India to host first ‘WAVES summit’ in Mumbai from 1 to 4 May: India will host the first World Audio Visual Entertainment Summit (WAVES) in Mumbai from May 1- 4, 2025.This summit will bring together the world’s top media CEOs, biggest entertainment icons, and creative minds from around the globe, unifying entertainment, creativity, and culture.The WAVES summit is being positioned by the government as India’s global event for the entertainment sector to what Davos is for the economic sector.The summit will spotlight advancements in animation, gaming, entertainment technology, and regional and mainstream cinema, fostering collaborations and setting the stage for India’s creative economy to shine globally.

 

3. Trump signs executive order banning transgender athletes from women’s sports: President Donald Trump has signed an executive order aimed at prohibiting transgender women and girls from competing in women’s sports.This move, framed as a restoration of fairness in sports, has ignited a fierce debate across political and social landscapes. Critics argue that the order discriminates against transgender individuals, while supporters hail it as a necessary step to uphold the integrity of women’s sports.Trump signed the executive order, titled “Keeping Men Out of Women’s Sports,” on National Girls and Women in Sports Day, a symbolic nod to its intent.

4. Singapore Is World’s Most Powerful Passport of 2025, India at 80th spot: The Singaporean passport has emerged as the strongest passport in the world with visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 193 out of 227 countries across the globe, according to the 2025 Henley Passport Index.

India found the 80th spot on the list, with easy access to 56 nations. Compiled by Henley & Partners, the index assessed 199 passports based on the data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA).Per the list, South Korea and Japan followed Singapore in the second position with easy access to 190 countries. Seven countries, including Spain, Germany, Italy, France, Ireland, Finland and Denmark shared the third rank with access to 187 destinations without prior visa requirements.India shared the 80th spot with Algeria, Equatorial Guinea, and Tajikistan. Its neighbour Myanmar secured the 88th sport with access to 45 destinations. Sri Lanka shared the 91st position with Iran and Sudan with access to 42 countries.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. India-Russia Deal on Klub-S Missile System: India has recently finalised an agreement with Russia to acquire anti-ship cruise missiles. This move aims to strengthen the operational capabilities of the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet. The specifics of the deal, such as the name, quantity, and cost of the missiles, have not been disclosed by the defence ministry. However, sources indicate that the deal involves the Klub-S missile system, part of the Kalibr missile family. The Indian Navy’s submarine fleet includes several Russian-origin vessels. Notable submarines include INS Sindhughosh and INS Sindhurakshak. Some submarines have been decommissioned and more are expected to retire soon. India is also exploring partnerships with Germany for future submarine construction while continuing to rely on Russian platforms.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. Maguire suspended from bowling in international cricket : Ireland’s Aimee Maguire has been suspended from bowling in international cricket immediately after an Independent Assessment confirmed that the left-arm spinner uses an illegal bowling action.The 18-year-old was reported by match officials for a suspect bowling action during the first ODI of the ICC Women’s Championship series against India in Rajkot on 10 January.

 

2. Real Madrid legend Marcelo announces retirement from football: Real Madrid and Brazil defender Marcelo has announced his retirement at the age of 36.The left-back won five Champions League crowns and six La Liga titles with the Los Blancos and also represented his country in two World Cups during an illustrious career that spanned 19 years.

 

3. 9th Asian Winter Games kick off in Harbin: The 9th edition of the Asian Winter Games (AWG) 2025 has commenced in Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province in northeast China.Chinese President Xi Jinping officially declared the games open in the presence of International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach and other distinguished guests. The games will continue until the 14th February.A record 34 countries and regions are participating in these games. The 88-member Indian contingent, including 59 athletes and 29 team officials, will take part in the event.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Shiv Shakti Point’s Age : India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission marked milestone in lunar exploration. On August 23, 2023, India became the first nation to achieve a soft landing on the moon’s south pole. The mission’s landing site, known as Shiv Shakti point, is estimated to be around 3.7 billion years old. This age coincides with the emergence of primitive microbial life on Earth. The findings from Chandrayaan-3 contribute to our understanding of the moon’s evolution. The age of the landing site aligns with critical events in Earth’s history. The geological features observed may offer clues about the moon’s past conditions and the potential for life in similar environments.

 

2. Heart Failure Trends and Mortality in India: India’s heart failure landscape presents alarming statistics. Recent findings reveal that heart failure patients in India are nearly a decade younger than those in high-income countries. The National Heart Failure Registry (NHFR) indicates a one-year mortality rate of 25%, with variations based on the underlying cause of heart failure. Addressing the high mortality rates associated with heart failure requires comprehensive strategies. These include enhancing disease management, increasing awareness, and ensuring timely medical interventions.

 

3. ISRO Successfully Tests CE20 Cryogenic Engine Ignition: On February 7, 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducted an ignition trial of the CE20 cryogenic engine. This engine powers the upper stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3). The test took place at the High Altitude Test Facility in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. Restarting a cryogenic engine is complex. To address this, ISRO is investigating the use of turbopumps in bootstrap mode. This method aims to enable both the thrust chamber and gas generator to reignite under the expected tank head conditions during flight.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. RBI forms Working Group to review trading and settlement timings of financial markets : The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has established a 9-member Working Group to conduct a comprehensive review of the trading and settlement timings for financial markets.The group will examine various developments in the financial sector over recent years, including the increased electronification of trading, the availability of Forex and certain interest rate derivative markets operating on a 24×5 basis, the growing participation of non-residents in domestic financial markets, and the round-the-clock availability of payment systems.The Working Group will be chaired by Radha Shyam Ratho, Executive Director at the Reserve Bank of India, and will include eight other members.The Working Group’s primary objective is to review the current trading and settlement timings for various financial markets regulated by the RBI. This includes the functioning hours of market infrastructures for trading, clearing, settlement, and transaction reporting. Additionally, the group will analyze any challenges or frictions arising from the current timings, such as their impact on price/rate transmission across markets, market volatility, trade distribution, liquidity requirements, and netting efficiency.

 

2. IDFC FIRST Bank, Ikonz launch Amitabh Bachchan’s AI avatar: IDFC FIRST Bank, in partnership with Ikonz, has used the latest artificial intelligence (AI) avatar of Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan at 10 more branches in 5 new cities including Delhi, Gurugram, Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Hyderabad.The initiative allows Bachchan to connect with another 70 million people.Last year, Ikonz partnered with IDFC FIRST Bank to bring the legend’s AI avatar as the face of all banking communication at their Juhu Branch in Mumbai. In a short span, the initiative has been widely accepted and has led to better efficiency and customer trust.Bachchan, during the launch, said the one of its kind initiatives using the latest technology will help him to connect with people in a unique way.This partnership between IDFC FIRST Bank and Ikonz Studios leverages the power of AI and Holographic Extended Reality to create an immersive experience.Founder and CEO of Ikonz Studios- Abinav Varma Kalidindi

 

3. RBI approves two voluntary urban co-operative bank amalgamations: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved two voluntary amalgamations in the urban co-operative bank (UCB) space — The Citizen Co-operative Bank (Vasco-De-Gama, Goa) with TJSB Sahakari Bank (Thane, Maharashtra) and Pune Commercial Co-operative Bank (Satara, Maharashtra) with Pimpri Chinchwad Sahakari Bank (Pune, Maharashtra).The Scheme of Amalgamation of The Citizen Cooperative Bank with TJSB Sahakari Bank has been sanctioned in exercise of the powers conferred on it under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.The Scheme will come into force with effect from February 10, 2025, whereby the branches of Goa-based UCB will function as branches of TJSB Sahakari Bank.The Scheme of Amalgamation of Pune Commercial Co-operative Bank with Pimpri Chinchwad Sahakari Bank has been sanctioned in exercise of the powers conferred on it under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

 

Daily GK Update- 9th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Budget 2025: Grameen Credit Score to serve credit needs of self-help groups: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has announced Grameen Credit Score, a framework to be developed by the public sector banks for the credit needs of the members of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and people in rural areas.Public Sector Banks will develop a ‘Grameen Credit Score’ framework to serve the credit needs of SHG members and people in rural areas.GCS will complement existing microfinance models and work alongside credit scores like CIBIL and CRIF Highmark for assessing loans. This score will be integrated with the SVAMITVA Scheme.

 

2. Budget 2025: Government proposes Rationalization of Customs Tariff Structure: The Union Budget 2025-26 introduces major exemptions under Basic Customs Duty (BCD) to rationalize tariff structure and address duty inversion.The proposals are set to support domestic manufacturing and value addition while promoting exports, facilitating trade, and providing relief to common people.Delivering on the promise to review the customs rate structure announced in July 2024, the Budget proposes removing seven customs tariff rates for industrial goods over and above those removed in Budget 2023-24. This will leave only eight tariff rates, including the ‘zero’ rate.

 

3. Budget 2025: Where does the money come from and where does it go?: As per the Union Budget 2025-26 presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, a total of ₹65 lakh crore will be spent during the financial year 2025-26 by the Indian government.This budget mainly explicates the receipts and expenditure on cash for the country’s growth, where tax revenues, borrowings, and non-tax revenues feature dominantly in its funding.

 

4. Odisha Govt. launches multiple initiatives to empower girl ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’: The Odisha government has launched a series of initiatives under the ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ scheme, which aims to address the alarming gender imbalance and declining child sex ratio in India.Key programs such as “Nirbhaya Kadhi” (Fearless Bud), “Mo Gelha Jiya” (My Dear Daughter) in Ganjam, “Kalpana Avijan” in Dhenkanal, “Swarna Kalika” in Keonjhar, and “Veerangana Yojana” in Deogarh district are designed to empower adolescent girls.These initiatives focus on preventing child marriage, combating sex selection and female foeticide, promoting higher education, and building self-esteem and confidence through martial arts and self-defense.“Nirbhaya Kadhi” (Fearless Bud) and “Mo Gelha Jhia” (My Lovely Daughter) in Ganjam District: The “Nirbhaya Kadhi” initiative by Ganjam district administration under BBBP aims to create a just society for girls. It has reached 183,933 adolescent girls in 3,309 villages, focusing on raising awareness.

 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. BIMSTEC Youth Summit 2025 to kick off in Gandhinagar, Gujarat : The Department of Youth Affairs, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports, Government of India, is organizing the BIMSTEC Youth Summit from 7th to 11th February 2025 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya will formally inaugurate the event on 8th February 2025, marking the beginning of the BIMSTEC Youth Summit.During the 4th BIMSTEC Summit in Kathmandu on 30th -31st August 2018, the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India announced the hosting of a three-day BIMSTEC Youth Summit, aimed at bringing together the youth of BIMSTEC nations on a unified platform to exchange experiences and insights on youth-led initiatives undertaken by member states.The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is a regional organization comprising seven member states: India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Nepal, and Bhutan.

 

2. US Sanctions Impact on India’s Chabahar Port Project: The recent directive from the Trump administration raises concerns regarding the future of India’s Chabahar port project in Iran. This move is part of a broader strategy aimed at increasing pressure on Iran to curb its nuclear ambitions and military activities. The Chabahar port is crucial for India as it provides a direct route to Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan. India has heavily invested in this project, viewing it as essential for regional connectivity and trade. India’s trade with Iran has diminished due to US sanctions. In the fiscal year 2018-2019, India imported goods worth around $13 billion from Iran. However, imports plummeted to less than $1 billion annually from 2019-2020 onwards. The sanctions have strained India’s economic ties with Iran, complicating its strategic interests in the region.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Stryker Infantry Combat  Vehicles: Recently, the focus on India-U.S. defence collaboration intensified, particularly concerning the Stryker infantry combat  vehicles. This comes in the wake of U.S. President Donald Trump‘s encouragement for India to increase military procurement from the U.S. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s upcoming visit to Washington D.C. has further brought into light this strategic partnership. The Stryker vehicle’s performance in high-altitude conditions has been a key area of evaluation for the Indian Army. India’s procurement strategy involves a two-stage process. Initially, a small number of Strykers will be directly imported. Subsequently, a larger quantity will be manufactured in India, likely by Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML). This approach aims to enhance local defence manufacturing capabilities.

 

2. ITBP Establishes New Company Operative Base in Chhattisgarh: The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) has opened a new Company Operative Base (COB) in Kutul, Chhattisgarh. This area is a stronghold for Naxalite activity. The establishment of the COB aims to enhance security and reduce Naxalite influence in the Abhujhmad region. This region is known for its dense forests and hilly terrain, making it a challenging area for law enforcement. The new COB in Kutul serves multiple purposes. It aims to deter Naxalite activities in the region. The ITBP believes that a stronger presence will instil confidence among local residents. This initiative aligns with Mission Kagar-2026, aimed at eradicating Naxalism in Chhattisgarh. The ITBP’s presence is expected to encourage local populations to engage with the mainstream.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. India’s Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Revolution: India’s electric vehicle (EV) charging market is experiencing growth. Recent investments have exceeded $450 million in start-ups focused on charging networks and battery-swapping models. Despite this, the current infrastructure is inadequate. There is only one public charger for every 135 EVs, compared to a global average of one charger for every 6 to 20 EVs. To meet ambitious government targets, urgent expansion of charging facilities is essential. Government initiatives have played important role in attracting investment. The Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME II) scheme and Production-Linked Incentives (PLI) have been implemented. Various state governments have introduced policies offering subsidies and support for land acquisition, particularly in urban areas.

 

2. SARAT Version 2: The Government of India has recently upgraded its Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) to enhance operational efficiency for search and rescue agencies. The latest version, SARAT version 2, aims to provide faster response times and higher success rates in search-and-rescue operations, particularly in the Indian Ocean region. The latest version introduces several enhancements. The computation of probable search areas is now anchored to the Last Known Position (LKP) of the object. This shift allows for more accurate search area definitions. Previously, the search area was determined based on the point with the minimum longitude, which was less precise.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. RBI Introduces Additional Factor Authentication for International Transactions: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced enhancement to the security of online payments. This new measure focuses on cross-border “Card Not Present” (CNP) transactions. The introduction of Additional Factor of Authentication (AFA) aims to ensure that international digital transactions using Indian-issued cards are as secure as domestic ones. This move comes in response to the increasing volume of online shopping and the associated rise in fraud risks. The RBI’s proposal will require cardholders to undergo additional verification when making international purchases. This may include OTPs sent to registered mobile numbers or biometric checks. The RBI aims to issue a draft circular for stakeholder feedback shortly. This initiative is part of a broader framework to improve the security of digital payments in India.

 

2. Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching (NDS-OM) Platform: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently announced policy change. Non-bank brokers registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) will now have access to the Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching (NDS-OM) platform. This initiative aims to increase retail participation in government securities trading. The RBI’s decision reflects an ongoing effort to enhance liquidity and accessibility for individual investors in the financial market. Sebi’s consultation paper from October 2024 proposed a framework for stock brokers to engage in trading government securities. Brokers must maintain a separate business unit for these activities, ensuring an arm’s-length relationship with their other operations. They will also need to establish agreements with members of the Clearing Corporation of India (CCIL) for transaction settlements.

 

Daily GK Update- 8th Feb, 2025

 NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Budget 2025: Export promotion mission, Bharat Trade Net in works to boost trade: The Union Budget announced an Export Promotion Mission with an outlay of ₹2,250 crore to facilitate easy access to export credit, cross-border factoring support, and help MSMEs tackle non-tariff measures in overseas markets.The Mission, with sectoral and ministerial targets, will be driven jointly by the Ministries of Commerce, MSMEs, and Finance. This is among the slew of measures announced in the Budget to promote exports.Another major plan is to create a digital public infrastructure, ‘BharatTradeNet’ (BTN), for international trade and it will be a unified platform for trade documentation and financing solutions. This will complement the Unified Logistics Interface Platform. The government will also revamp the model BIT (Bilateral Investment Treaty) to make it more investor-friendly and encourage sustained foreign investment.In order to support food processing exports, a National Food Technology Institute will be set up in Bihar and it will enhance value addition, agri-exports, and job creation.

 

2. Budget 2025: Government to introduce Jan Vishwas 2.0 for greater ease of doing business: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced in the Union Budget 2025-26, that the government would introduce the Jan Vishwas Bill 2.0 to decriminalise over 100 outdated legal provisions to achieve greater ease of doing business in the country.The existing Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023 has decriminalised 183 Central Acts administered across a spectrum of 19 Ministries or Departments.The key objective of the Jan Vishwas Act 2023 was to remove archaic provisions that did not serve the evolving technological and business environment.The Jan Vishwas 2.0 intends to further usher in comprehensive reforms aimed to unburden the judiciary and reduce litigation time and costs. It would introduce civil penalties and administrative actions for minor technical and procedural lapses.The 2023 Act covers amendments in statutes across a span of over 100 years. These include the Press and Registration of Books Act of 1867, the Indian Post Office Act of 1898, the Boilers Act of 1923, the Indian Forest Act 1927 to the more recent laws like the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 and the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) of 2016.

 

3. Budget 2025: FM Sitharaman exempts parts for open cells in LCD/LED TVs from customs duty to boost manufacturing: Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced to increase the basic customs duty (BCD) on interactive flat panel display (IFPD) or touch sensitive display to 20% from the current 10% and simultaneously reducing the duty to 5% on open cell and other components.The proposed changes might increase the bill of materials (BOM) for the laptops that ship with touch sensitive displays and other flat touch screens used for advertising.In 2023 -24 Budget, for the manufacture of Open Cells of LCD/LED TVs, I had reduced the BCD on parts of Open Cells from 5% to 2.5%. To further boost the manufacture of such Open Cells, the BCD on these parts will now stand exempted.She also proposed to add 35 additional capital goods for EV battery manufacturing, and 28 additional capital goods for mobile phone battery manufacturing.

 

4. Zomato renamed ‘Eternal’, food delivery company unveils new logo: Food and grocery delivery platform Zomato will rename the company to “Eternal” and unveil a new logo.The change of name is subject to the approval of shareholders, the corporate affairs ministry, and other statutory authorities. After the approval, the company’s corporate website will transition from zomato.com to eternal.comEternal will comprise the company’s four major businesses – food delivery platform Zomato, quick commerce arm Blinkit, going-out business District, and business-to-business supplies vertical Hyperpure. The development comes over two years after the company began using the new name internally.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India ranks third globally for LEED green building certification in 2024: India ranks third in USGBC’s LEED green building certification globally during 2024, according to a report.India retained its third spot on US Green Building Council’s (USGBC) annual list of top 10 countries and regions for LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in 2024.LEED certifications in India are managed by the Green Business Certification Inc. (GBCI), which works to accelerate the adoption of green buildings nationwide.The annual ranking by USGBC highlights the significant progress made by countries and regions outside the United States in adopting healthy, sustainable and resilient building design, construction and operations.China topped the top 10 rankings for 2024 with over 25 million GSM certified followed by Canada with 10 million GSM. In India, as many as 370 projects, across both buildings and spaces, were certified for LEED, covering 8.50 million gross square meters (GSM) (91.5 million square feet).

 

2. Trump’s Sanctions Threaten International Criminal Court Operations: The recent executive order by US President Donald Trump has raised concerns regarding the future of the International Criminal Court (ICC). This order imposes sanctions on the ICC, which is the only permanent global tribunal for war crimes and genocide. The ICC’s role is crucial, especially as it investigates and prosecutes serious international crimes. Trump’s action comes in response to the ICC’s investigation into alleged war crimes committed by Israeli leaders during the conflict in Gaza. Trump’s sanctions invoke emergency powers and target the ICC’s operations. The sanctions may affect the court’s chief prosecutor, Karim Khan, and others involved in the investigations against Israeli officials. These measures could halt the ICC’s functions entirely. Previous sanctions imposed by Trump on former prosecutor Fatou Bensouda limited her access to US-based financial resources.

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Indian Army Enhances Firepower with New Contracts: The Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) recently signed contracts worth Rs 10,147 crore to boost the firepower of the Indian Army. These agreements involve the procurement of advanced munitions for the indigenously developed PINAKA Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS). The contracts were signed with Economic Explosives Limited (EEL) and Munitions India Limited (MIL). Additionally, software upgrades were contracted to Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). This initiative is step in the modernisation of India’s defence capabilities. The MoD’s procurement strategy prioritises indigenous development. Collaborations with private companies like Bharat Forge and Tata Group are expected to strengthen domestic manufacturing. This approach not only enhances military capabilities but also promotes economic growth by encouraging local industries.

 

SPORTS 

 

1. FIFA suspends Pakistan Football Federation after failure to amend constitution : The International Football Federation (FIFA) has suspended the Pakistan Football Federation (PFF) after it failed to amend its constitution as required for the smooth and fair governance of the sport in the country.FIFA stated that Pakistan will remain suspended until the PFF Congress makes the necessary amendments. This is the Pakistan Football Federation’s third suspension since 2017.Since June 2019, Pakistan’s football has been managed by a FIFA-appointed Normalisation Committee, which was tasked with organizing elections and addressing parallel factions within the football setup.

 

2. Tarundeep Rai Wins Bronze in Men’s Recurve Archery at 38th National Games : At the ongoing 38th National Games in Uttarakhand, four-time Olympian archer Tarundeep Rai from Sikkim won the Bronze Medal in the Men’s Recurve event.Juel Sarkar from West Bengal clinched the Gold while Indira Chand from Services Sports Control Boar clinched the Silver medal.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. The Universe’s Largest Structure : Recent  astronomical research has revealed Quipu, the largest known structure in the universe. Named after an Incan recording system, Quipu contains an astonishing mass of 200 quadrillion solar masses. Its immense size stretches over 400 megaparsecs, equivalent to more than 1.3 billion light-years. About Quipu is essential for comprehending cosmic evolution and refining cosmological models. Quipu’s discovery is crucial for understanding galaxy evolution. Studying its properties aids in refining cosmological parameters. The superstructure’s gravitational effects modify the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and influence measurements of the Hubble constant. These alterations complicate our understanding of cosmic expansion and the universe’s early conditions.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. IDFC FIRST Bank Launches Exclusive Banking Package for Senior Citizens: IDFC FIRST Bank has introduced a specialised range of banking products and services tailored for senior citizens, reaffirming its commitment to offering secure, customised, and superior financial solutions for this important customer segment.The newly launched offerings include the Senior Citizen Savings Account and Senior Citizen Fixed Deposits, designed to cater to the unique financial needs of elderly individuals.As part of this initiative, the bank has also introduced a dedicated feature on its Mobile Banking App called ‘Senior Citizen Specials’, providing exclusive benefits such as:

 

2. RBI reduces interest rates for first time in nearly 5 years: Almost after 5 years, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has reduced the policy repo rate by 25 basis points, from 6.50 per cent to 6.25 per cent.Governor Sanjay Malhotra made the announcement in Mumbai, following a three-day meeting of the MPC. As a result, the standing deposit facility (SDF) rate will be set at 6.00 per cent, while the marginal standing facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate will both remain at 6.50 per cent. The MPC has also unanimously decided to maintain a ‘neutral’ stance, focusing unambiguously on aligning inflation with the target while supporting growth.The 25-basis points rate cut to 6.25 per cent comes after the last rate reduction in May 2020. The most recent revision occurred in February 2023, when the policy rate was raised by 25 basis points to 6.50 per cent.According to the first advance estimates, real GDP growth for the current year is projected at 6.4 per cent, with economic activity expected to improve in the coming year. Earlier it was projected at 6.6 per cent.