Daily GK Update- 31st Aug, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. UNDP Report on Forest Rights Act Progress: The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) released a report in 2025 analysing the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) in India. The report marks the need for a consensus on a sunset clause to set an end date for recognising and vesting rights under the FRA. It also recommends measures for improved governance and management after rights are granted. The FRA, enacted in 2006, aims to recognise rights of Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers over forest land and resources. The FRA recognises individual and community rights over forest land. So far, titles have been distributed over 2.32 crore acres, with 1.88 crore acres under community rights. However, this is only about 18% of the estimated 9.88 crore acres potentially eligible for community rights. The slow uptake is attributed to historical conflicts, policy gaps, and jurisdictional issues.

 

2. Uttarakhand Forest Clearance Sparks Environmental Concerns: Uttarakhand’s forest department approved the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) plan to build the Netala bypass. This road is part of the larger Char Dham infrastructure project. The approval allows the use of 17.5 hectares of forest land in the fragile Bhagirathi eco-sensitive zone. The decision has caused widespread protests from environmentalists and local communities. They claim the project violates Supreme Court orders and expert committee recommendations. The concern centres on the felling of thousands of deodar trees and the increased risk of landslides. The Netala bypass is an 8.07-kilometre road stretch between Hina and Tekhla on National Highway 34. It aims to improve connectivity under the Char Dham project. The project is managed by the BRO, a government agency responsible for road construction in difficult terrains. The bypass is designed to widen existing roads to 10 metres. However, the Supreme Court had previously limited road width to 5.5 metres in this eco-sensitive zone.

 

3. Delhi Heat Crisis: Delhi has been experiencing severe heat stress in recent years. The year 2025 recorded the hottest February and March on record. Summers have remained scorching with temperatures soaring above 45°C for multiple days. The India Meteorological Department issued several heatwave alerts, signalling an urgent public health and infrastructure challenge. A decade-long study from 2015 to 2024 shows Delhi’s summer temperatures have consistently exceeded normal levels. This prolonged heat impacts health, livelihoods, productivity, and the environment across the city. Certain groups suffer disproportionately from extreme heat. Children, elderly people, women, the poor, homeless, and outdoor workers such as construction labourers and street vendors face higher risks. About 80% of Delhi’s workforce is informal, lacking access to cooling or healthcare facilities. A ward-level vulnerability assessment shows many dense wards with little green cover are hotspots for heat stress. Nearly half the city’s population lives in wards with over 90% area under heat stress. These vulnerable zones require priority in heat action planning.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Rise Despite Power Sector Decline: Recent data from 2025 reveals a complex picture of global greenhouse gas emissions. While some countries like India and China have reduced emissions in their power sectors, overall global emissions have increased. The main driver remains the continued heavy reliance on fossil fuels, especially in the United States. This trend poses serious challenges for meeting international climate targets and marks the urgent need for a global energy transition. Between January and June 2025, global greenhouse gas emissions reached 31 billion tonnes of CO2-equivalent. This represents a 0.13 per cent increase compared to the same period in 2024. June alone saw emissions rise by 0.29 per cent year-on-year. Methane emissions also increased by 0.49 per cent in June, indicating growing concerns beyond carbon dioxide. The power sector saw a global emissions drop of over 60 million tonnes CO2-equivalent. China led this decline with a 1.7 per cent reduction, followed by India with a 0.8 per cent decrease. These reductions reflect progress in renewable energy adoption and efficiency improvements. However, these gains are insufficient to counterbalance overall emission increases.

 

2. Impact of US De Minimis Rule on India-US Trade: The United States ended its century-old De Minimis exemption on 29 August 2025. This rule allowed shipments valued under $800 per person per day to enter the US without duty or tax. The change has disrupted postal and e-commerce trade between India and the US. India Post suspended most mail services to the US from 25 August 2025. The new regulations require stricter customs checks and duties on all shipments, affecting businesses and consumers alike. The De Minimis exemption allowed low-value shipments to enter the US duty-free. It applied to goods valued below $800 per person per day. This rule simplified customs for small parcels and boosted cross-border e-commerce. The US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) processed over 1.36 billion such shipments in fiscal year 2024. The exemption helped reduce compliance costs for exporters and facilitated faster delivery.

 

3. Daruma Doll: The Daruma doll is cultural symbol in Japan, recently brought into light during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the country. Presented by Rev Seishi Hirose, chief priest of Daruma-ji temple, the doll embodies perseverance, good luck and goal-setting. Rooted in history and spirituality, the Daruma doll connects Japan’s Zen Buddhist traditions with Indian origins. The Daruma doll is modelled after Bodhidharma, a 5th-century Indian monk from Kancheepuram. Known in Japan as Daruma Daishi, he founded Zen Buddhism. Bodhidharma is famed for meditating nine years facing a wall in China after travelling from India. His intense meditation inspired the doll’s design – rounded shape, no limbs and blank eyes. The name Daruma derives from the Sanskrit word Dharma, meaning cosmic law or duty, reflecting its spiritual roots. Made of papier-mâché, Daruma dolls range from a few inches to several feet tall. Their rounded bottom allows them to return upright when tilted, symbolising resilience. The phrase Fall seven times, stand up eight is linked to this feature. Traditionally, one eye is coloured when setting a goal. The other eye is filled in upon achieving that goal. This ritual encourages persistence and focus on personal ambitions.

 

4. Japan Releases AI Video Showing Mount Fuji Eruption: Japan has recently released an AI-generated video simulating an eruption of Mount Fuji. The video depicts ash clouds covering Tokyo, disrupting transport and communication, and causing power outages. It advises residents to prepare by stocking food and wearing protective gear. The release coincides with Volcano Disaster Prevention Day, as part of Japan’s ongoing efforts to raise awareness about volcanic hazards despite no immediate eruption threat. Mount Fuji is an active volcano, last erupting in 1707. Though currently quiet, it remains capable of erupting in the future. Active volcanoes have a magma supply beneath the surface. Dormant volcanoes have not erupted for centuries but can still awaken. Extinct volcanoes no longer connect to magma stores. Japan’s authorities use such occasions to remind people of preparedness measures.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Myanmar Military Labels Karen National Union Terrorist: The Myanmar military government declared the Karen National Union (KNU) a terrorist organisation in August 2025. This move criminalises nearly all activities linked to the KNU, including contact by third parties. The KNU is a major ethnic rebel group that has fought for autonomy since Myanmar’s independence in 1948. The designation comes amid ongoing civil war and political unrest following the 2021 military coup. The KNU represents the Karen ethnic minority in Myanmar’s southeast. It has waged intermittent armed struggle for self-rule since 1948. The group signed a ceasefire in 2015 with the then quasi-civilian government but resumed resistance after the 2021 military takeover. The KNU’s armed wing, the Karen National Liberation Army, has trained urban activists for combat. The group opposes military dominance and demands federal democracy and international mediation.

 

2. Exercise Achook Prahar 2025: The Indian Army’s Spear Corps and the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) conducted a major joint firepower exercise named Achook Prahar in central Arunachal Pradesh from 25 to 28 August 2025. This drill tested their combat readiness and operational synergy under simulated battlefield conditions. The exercise demonstrated integrated use of mortars, machine guns, rockets, and grenades, denoting the forces’ ability to operate cohesively in high-altitude terrain. The ITBP was established in 1962 following the Sino-Indian War to guard India’s border with Tibet. Initially part of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), it became an independent central armed police force under the Ministry of Home Affairs in 2004. Its motto is Shaurya-Dridhata-Karma Nishtha meaning Valour, Determination, and Devotion to Duty. The ITBP is specialised in mountain warfare and operates across a 3,488 km border with China at altitudes from 9,000 to 18,750 feet.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies: The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) recently authorised eight agencies as Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies (DCRAs). This move follows the implementation of the “Rating of Properties for Digital Connectivity Regulations, 2024”. The registrations are valid for five years from August 27, 2025. These agencies will assess and rate properties based on their digital connectivity, helping stakeholders make informed decisions. Recently, TRAI released a draft manual to rate properties for digital connectivity. This was followed by the official Manual for Rating of Properties for Digital Connectivity in August 2025. The regulations set the first standardised framework in India to evaluate how buildings support high-speed and reliable digital access. The eight authorised DCRAs include Ardom Towergen Private Limited and TUV SUD South Asia Private Limited among others. They assess properties using a uniform methodology defined in the manual. Their evaluations result in a ‘Star Rating’ that reflects the quality of digital connectivity within buildings.

 

2. Crocothemis Erythraea: Recent research has confirmed the presence of the rare dragonfly species Crocothemis erythraea in the high-elevation areas of the southern Western Ghats. Earlier, this species was often confused with the widespread lowland species Crocothemis servilia. This rediscovery marks the significance of detailed field studies and modern scientific methods in biodiversity documentation. The genus Crocothemis in India includes two species – Crocothemis servilia and Crocothemis erythraea. C. servilia is common in lowland regions. C. erythraea, however, prefers cooler, high-altitude habitats. It is known from parts of Europe, Asia, and the Himalayas. The presence of C. erythraea in the Western Ghats was uncertain due to misidentification and lack of physical evidence. Between 2019 and 2023, multiple field expeditions were conducted in high-altitude sites such as Wagamon, Rajakumari, Pampadum Shola, and Parambikulam. Specimens were collected for detailed study. Identification used both morphological traits and DNA barcoding. Key features included the male genitalia, especially the hamule structure. Molecular analysis confirmed that the Western Ghats specimens matched C. erythraea from the Himalayas.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Extension of ECHS Benefits: The Union government has recently approved the extension of the Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS) benefits to officer cadets who are medically invalidated during training due to disabilities caused or worsened by military training. This decision aims to provide much-needed medical support and financial relief to cadets who are currently ineligible for such benefits as they do not hold ex-servicemen status. The scheme will cover both current and future cases of medically boarded-out cadets from premier defence training institutions like the National Defence Academy (NDA), Indian Military Academy (IMA), and Officers Training Academy (OTA). Officer cadets often face physical and medical challenges during rigorous military training. Those invalidated on medical grounds have not been entitled to ECHS benefits as they lack ex-servicemen status. The government’s recent approval changes this by allowing these cadets to access ECHS healthcare facilities. The move recognises the lifelong impact of disabilities acquired during training and seeks to reduce the financial and emotional strain on affected families.

 

2. Export Promotion Mission: India is set to launch a Rs 25,000 crore Export Promotion Mission (EPM) from 2025 to 2031. This flagship initiative aims to support exporters amid rising global trade challenges, including the recent hike in US tariffs on Indian goods. The mission focuses on easing credit access and enhancing export capabilities, especially for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The EPM was announced in the Union Budget 2025-26 to ensure broad-based, inclusive, and sustainable export growth. It seeks to address key bottlenecks that Indian exporters face. The mission intends to shield exporters from uncertainties such as the US doubling tariffs on Indian imports to 50% from August 2025. This tariff hike affects sectors like textiles, chemicals, leather, and footwear. The mission will operate through two main sub-schemes – Niryat Protsahan and Niryat Disha. Niryat Protsahan, with over Rs 10,000 crore, focuses on financial support, including interest equalisation and alternative trade finance. It also plans to introduce a credit card for e-commerce exporters. Niryat Disha, with over Rs 14,500 crore, aims at export quality compliance, overseas market development, branding, warehousing, logistics, and capacity building.

Daily GK Update- 30th Aug, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Bihar Cabinet Approves ‘Mukhyamantri Mahila Rojgar Yojana’ to Boost Women’s Employment and Entrepreneurship: The Bihar government approved the ‘Mukhyamantri Mahila Rojgar Yojana’, aimed at providing employment opportunities to women, in a cabinet meeting chaired by CM Nitish Kumar.Under the scheme, one woman from each family will receive ₹10,000 as the first instalment of financial support to start an occupation of her choice, with the Rural Development Department as the nodal agency.After six months of employment, an assessment will be conducted, and if required, additional financial support of up to ₹2 lakh will be provided to beneficiaries.The scheme also includes the development of local markets and haat bazaars for selling women-made products, with the aim of empowering women and reducing migration for jobs from Bihar.

 

2. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, and Tripura top performers in State Energy Efficiency Index 2024: The State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2024, released by the Ministry of Power, ranked Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, and Tripura as top performers across their respective energy consumption groups.The index, developed by BEE and AEEE, evaluated 36 states/UTs on 66 indicators across sectors like buildings, transport, agriculture, industry, and electricity distribution, with a stronger focus on implementation.Compared to SEEI 2023, the number of “Front Runner” states declined from seven to five, including Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu, while Assam and Kerala were in the “Achiever” category.Key highlights: 24 states adopted ECBC 2017, 31 states framed EV policies, 13 states promoted solar pumps (Kerala leading with 74% adoption), and all 36 states/UTs prepared State Energy Efficiency Action Plans.

 

3. 30 August – Small Industry Day: Small Industry Day is observed on 30th August every year in India to recognise the vital role of small-scale industries (SSIs) / MSMEs in nation-building.The day highlights the contribution of small industries in employment generation, exports, GDP growth, and rural development.It aims to promote innovation, sustainability, and government support for MSMEs, strengthening the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Prataprao Jadhav Presides Over BRICS CCI Healthcare Summit 2025: Union Minister Shri Prataprao Jadhav presided over the BRICS CCI Healthcare Summit 2025 in New Delhi, organised on the theme “Bridging Tradition and Innovation.”He highlighted BRICS’ global significance, representing half of the world’s population, one-third of global GDP, and one-fifth of world trade, stressing the need for collective action toward inclusive and sustainable growth.The Minister emphasized the growing international acceptance of Ayush systems, citing Ayurvedic communities in Brazil, Ayurveda’s integration into Russia’s healthcare, and traditional medicine’s parallel advancement in China.

 

2. UNDP Report on Forest Rights Act Progress: The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) released a report in 2025 analysing the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) in India. The report marks the need for a consensus on a sunset clause to set an end date for recognising and vesting rights under the FRA. It also recommends measures for improved governance and management after rights are granted. The FRA, enacted in 2006, aims to recognise rights of Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers over forest land and resources. The FRA recognises individual and community rights over forest land. So far, titles have been distributed over 2.32 crore acres, with 1.88 crore acres under community rights. However, this is only about 18% of the estimated 9.88 crore acres potentially eligible for community rights. The slow uptake is attributed to historical conflicts, policy gaps, and jurisdictional issues.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Military hospital first to perform Robotic Custom Laser Cataract Surgery: Army Hospital Research and Referral (AHRR), New Delhi, has become the first government institute in India and the second in South Asia to perform Robotic Custom Laser Cataract Surgery using the advanced ALLY Adaptive Cataract Treatment System.The Ophthalmology Department of AHRR successfully conducted its first-ever Femto-second Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS), marking a milestone in robotic, bladeless, and computer-guided eye surgery.This technological integration highlights the Armed Forces’ commitment to providing world-class, safe, and precise healthcare for military personnel and their families, ensuring superior outcomes in eye care.

 

SPORTS

 

1. ICC partners with Google to boost global reach of women’s cricket: The International Cricket Council (ICC) has partnered with Google to enhance fan engagement and accessibility in women’s cricket, leveraging Google’s advanced technology and ecosystem.This collaboration comes ahead of two major tournaments — the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025 in India & Sri Lanka and the ICC Women’s T20 World Cup 2026 in England & Wales.Google products like Android, Google Gemini, Google Pay, and Google Pixel will be used to create dynamic and meaningful fan experiences, from highlights discovery to celebrating victories.

 

2. Ajaya Babu Valluri clinches gold medal at Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships: Ajaya Babu Valluri won gold in the men’s 79kg category at the Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships in Ahmedabad, lifting a total of 335 kg.With this victory, Ajaya Babu qualified for the 2026 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, while Harjinder Kaur won bronze in the women’s 69kg category.The 30th edition of the championships features 300+ lifters from 31 nations, with Mirabai Chanu also winning gold in the women’s 48kg category.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. TCS Appoints Amit Kapur to Lead Newly Formed AI and Services Transformation Unit: Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) appointed Amit Kapur as the head of its newly formed AI and services transformation unit, effective from September.The move comes as Indian IT firms intensify efforts to adopt and expand AI-driven solutions amid sluggish global tech spending.The creation of the AI unit follows TCS’s announcement to cut 12,000 jobs, raising concerns of further layoffs in India’s $283 billion outsourcing sector due to AI adoption.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Fiscal deficit at 29.9% of budget estimates in April-July FY26: CGA data: India’s fiscal deficit rose to 29.9% of the full-year target by the end of July 2025, compared to 17.2% of the Budget Estimates in the same period of the previous financial year.In absolute terms, the fiscal deficit stood at ₹4.68 lakh crore during April–July 2025-26, against the annual target of ₹15.69 lakh crore.The Centre has pegged the fiscal deficit for 2025-26 at 4.4% of GDP, as per Budget Estimates.

 

2. India’s Q1 FY26 GDP hits five-quarter high at 7.8%, beats RBI forecast: India’s GDP grew 7.8% in Q1 FY26 (April–June 2025), marking a five-quarter high, compared to 6.5% growth in the same period last year.The growth rate surpassed RBI’s projection of 6.5%, as per estimates released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).In Q1 FY26, Nominal GDP rose 8.8% to ₹86.05 trillion, while Real GVA grew 7.6% to ₹44.64 trillion and Nominal GVA expanded 8.8% to ₹78.25 trillion.

 

3. RBI Slaps ₹44.70 Lakh Penalty on Bandhan Bank for Regulatory Lapse: RBI imposed a monetary penalty of ₹44.70 lakh on Bandhan Bank for deficiencies in statutory and regulatory compliance.The penalty followed a statutory inspection based on the bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2024, which revealed non-compliance with RBI directions.Findings showed that Bandhan Bank paid remuneration in the form of commission to certain employees, violating RBI norms.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. HAL, GSL gets SCOPE Eminence Awards: President Droupadi Murmu conferred the SCOPE Eminence Awards to two defence public sector undertakings for their outstanding contributions in different categories.Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) received the award for Institutional Excellence in the Maharatna/Navratna PSEs category, recognising its achievements in aerospace and defence.Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) was honoured with the SCOPE Eminence Award 2022–23 for Women Empowerment, highlighting its efforts in gender equality and inclusive workplace policies.The SCOPE Eminence award acknowledges the exemplary performance of public sector enterprises and individuals contributing significantly to organisational growth and the national economy.

Daily GK Update- 29th Aug, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. CCI approves acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates Limited by Adani Group Entities: The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates Limited (JAL) by entities of the Adani Group.The deal involves acquisition of up to 100% shareholding of JAL by Adani Enterprises Limited (AEL), Adani Infrastructure & Developers Pvt. Ltd. (AIDPL), or any other Adani Group entity.JAL is currently undergoing corporate insolvency resolution under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, as directed by the NCLT, Allahabad Bench.

 

2. India’s Industrial Growth Accelerates to 3.5% in July 2025: India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) grew 5% year-on-year in July 2025, compared to 1.5% growth in June, mainly supported by a 5.4% rise in the manufacturing sector.The mining sector contracted by 7.2%, electricity grew only 0.6%, while the overall IIP rose to 155.0 (July 2025) from 149.8 a year earlier.Within manufacturing, 14 of 23 industries grew, with strong performance in basic metals (+12.7%), electrical equipment (+15.9%), and non-metallic mineral products (+9.5%).

 

3. Use-based data showed a mixed trend: infrastructure & construction goods (+11.9%), intermediate goods (+5.8%), and consumer durables (+7.7%) were major contributors, while primary goods (-1.7%) contracted.Former RBI Governor Urjit Patel Appointed IMF Executive Director for Three Years: Former RBI Governor Urjit Patel has been appointed as Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for a period of three years.Patel, who served as RBI Governor from September 2016 to December 2018, had resigned citing personal reasons after a public spat with the government, becoming the first RBI Governor since 1990 to step down before completing his tenure.He has earlier worked with the IMF and also served as RBI Deputy Governor (1996–97), contributing to reforms in debt markets, banking, pensions, and foreign exchange.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India, Bhutan sign MoU on technical cooperation in Agro & allied sectors: India and Bhutan signed an MoU on Technical Cooperation in Agriculture and Allied Sectors in Thimphu, marking a major step in strengthening bilateral ties.The MoU focuses on food security, sustainable farming, rural prosperity, and collaboration in agricultural research, livestock health, post-harvest management, and value chain development.It also emphasizes the exchange of knowledge, skills, and expertise between the two nations, reflecting their shared vision for agricultural growth and innovation.

 

2. India and Canada Appoint New High Commissioners to Restore Diplomatic Ties: India appointed Dinesh K. Patnaik, a 1990-batch IFS officer and current Ambassador to Spain, as the next High Commissioner to Canada, while Canada named veteran diplomat Christopher Cooter as its new High Commissioner to India.The appointments mark a step toward normalizing diplomatic relations, which had soured after India recalled High Commissioner Sanjay Kumar Verma in October 2024 over tensions arising from former PM Justin Trudeau’s remarks.

 

3. 27 August – World Lake Day: World Lake Day is observed every year on 27 August to raise awareness about the importance of lakes in maintaining ecological balance and supporting biodiversity.The day highlights the role of lakes in freshwater storage, climate regulation, groundwater recharge, and sustaining livelihoods.It also aims to spread awareness about the challenges of pollution, encroachment, over-extraction, and climate change impacting lakes worldwide.

 

4. 29 August – International Day against Nuclear Tests: The International Day against Nuclear Tests is observed globally on 29 August every year to raise awareness about the harmful consequences of nuclear weapons testing and to promote a world free of nuclear explosions.The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) proclaimed this day in December 2009, inspired by Kazakhstan’s initiative, marking the closure of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site on 29 August 1991. This site was one of the largest nuclear testing grounds in the world.The day emphasizes the urgent need to end nuclear testing, strengthen the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), and work towards nuclear disarmament, global peace, and security.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Airbus Awards MASPL Contract to Manufacture H125 Helicopter Fuselage: Airbus Helicopters has awarded Mahindra Aerostructures Pvt. Ltd. (MASPL) a contract to manufacture the main fuselage of the H125 helicopter, which will also be assembled in India and later offered for the defence market.This deal strengthens India’s role in the global aerospace supply chain, coming just four months after MASPL received a similar Airbus contract for H130 helicopter fuselages.Industrialisation will begin immediately at MASPL’s Bengaluru facility, with first fuselage deliveries expected in 2027, feeding into Airbus’ global supply chain that connects to its main production unit in Marignane, France.

 

SPORTS

 

1. India to Bid for Hosting Commonwealth Games 2030 in Ahmedabad: The Union Cabinet, chaired by PM Narendra Modi, approved the proposal to submit India’s bid for hosting the Commonwealth Games (CWG) 2030, along with the Host Collaboration Agreement and required guarantees.If the bid is successful, Ahmedabad, Gujarat will host the Games, with world-class facilities like the Narendra Modi Stadium, which earlier hosted the 2023 ICC Cricket World Cup Final.Hosting CWG 2030 will bring participation from 72 countries, boost tourism, generate jobs, benefit local businesses, and inspire young athletes across India.

 

2. Neeraj Chopra secures 2nd place at Diamond League Final in Zurich, Switzerland: Neeraj Chopra secured the runner-up position at the Diamond League Final in Zurich with a best throw of 85.10m, marking his 26th consecutive top-two finish in international javelin events.Germany’s Julian Weber won the gold with a world-leading 91.51m throw, while Keshorn Walcott (Trinidad & Tobago) claimed bronze with 84.95m.Chopra now shifts focus to defending his World Championship title at the World Athletics Championships in Tokyo starting 13th September.

 

3. 29 August – National Sports Day: National Sports Day is celebrated annually on 29th August to commemorate the birth anniversary of legendary hockey player Major Dhyan Chand, emphasizing the importance of sports and physical activities.On this occasion, Youth Affairs and Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya paid floral tribute to Major Dhyan Chand at the Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium, New Delhi.Mansukh Mandaviya also launched the Fit India Pan-India Sports Movement, which will run till 31st August, starting on National Sports Day.The nationwide movement, themed “Ek Ghanta, Khel ke Maidan Main”, will see participation from eminent athletes and public representatives engaging in sports and fitness activities across the country.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Impacts of India’s Coal Sector: India’s coal sector remains vital for power generation despite a shift towards renewable energy. Recently, experts brought into light the urgent need to assess coal-bearing areas not only for environmental damage but also for health impacts on local populations. A recent report based on National Green Tribunal (NGT) cases reveals ongoing challenges in regulating coal mining and thermal power operations. This knowledge base summarises key findings and recommendations for sustainable coal management. Coal mining and thermal plants cause air, water, and noise pollution. Dust from coal transport increases particulate matter (PM10) to five times safe levels. Fly ash disposal contaminates soils and water bodies, reducing fertility and biodiversity. Toxic heavy metals like cadmium and lead raise cancer risks in local populations. Silica in fly ash contributes to respiratory diseases such as silicosis. These impacts severely affect agriculture, fisheries, and animal husbandry, causing income loss and health expenses.

 

2. Climate Change Impact on Gangotri Glacier System: Recent studies reveal climate change effects on the Gangotri Glacier System (GGS), important Himalayan glacier feeding the Ganga river. Data from 1980 to 2020 show reduced snowmelt due to rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns. This has altered the glacier’s hydrology, with implications for water availability, agriculture, and hydropower in northern India. Mean temperatures in the GGS region increased by 0.5°C between 2001-2020 compared to 1980-2000. This warming causes earlier summer melting and shifts peak river discharge from August to July. Such shifts affect water availability for irrigation, hydropower, and local communities.

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Unity Bank and BharatPe partner to launch India’s first EMI-driven card: BharatPe, in partnership with Unity Small Finance Bank, launched the Unity Bank BharatPe Credit Card on the NPCI RuPay network, which can be seamlessly linked with UPI for secure payments.The card offers industry-first features covering groceries, bill payments, travel, utilities, insurance, and lifestyle spends across both online and offline platforms.With a zero-fee structure, the card has no joining fee, annual fee, or hidden charges, and allows penalty-free EMI prepayments, ensuring transparency and stress-free credit access.

 

2. Infosys Partners with Mastercard to Enhance Global Cross-Border Payments via Finacle Platform: Infosys and Mastercard announced a strategic collaboration to scale cross-border payments, integrating Mastercard’s money movement solutions with Infosys Finacle, the digital banking suite of EdgeVerve Systems.The partnership will allow financial institutions faster and more efficient access to Mastercard Move, which supports payments across 200+ countries and 150 currencies, covering 95% of the global banked population.The collaboration aims to strengthen financial institutions’ ability to deliver fast, safe, and seamless cross-border payment experiences to customers worldwide.

Daily GK Update- 28th Aug, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Completes 11 Years as World’s Largest Financial Inclusion Programme: Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), launched on 28th August 2014 after being announced by PM Narendra Modi on 15th August 2014, completed 11 years on 28 August as one of the world’s largest financial inclusion programmes.The scheme provides universal banking access with facilities like basic savings accounts, need-based credit, remittances, insurance, and pension, covering both urban and rural households.Zero-balance accounts can be opened at bank branches or through Business Correspondents (Bank Mitras), with every account integrated into the Core Banking System and RuPay debit cards issued to account holders.PMJDY also promotes financial literacy and digital banking, supporting mobile banking through USSD services even on basic phones, ensuring inclusive growth and accessibility.

 

Union Cabinet Approves Restructuring of PM SVANidhi Scheme: The Union Cabinet approved the restructuring of the Prime Minister Street Vendor’s Atma Nirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) Scheme, extending the lending period until 31st March 2030 from 31st December 2024.The total outlay for the scheme is seven thousand 332 crore rupees. The key features of the restructured scheme include enhanced loan amounts across the first and second tranches, provision of UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card for beneficiaries who have repaid the second loan and digital cashback incentives for retail and wholesale transactions.The first tranche loan has been increased up to 15,000 from 10,000 rupees, and the second tranche loans have increased up to 25,000 rupees from 20,000 rupees, while the third tranche remains unchanged at 50,000 rupees.The restructured scheme aims to benefit one crore 15 lakh beneficiaries, including 50 lakh new beneficiaries. The scheme’s coverage is being expanded beyond statutory towns to census towns and peri-urban areas in a graded manner.

 

UP govt to launch ‘No Helmet, No Fuel’ campaign from September 1: The Uttar Pradesh government will launch a month-long campaign, ‘No Helmet, No Fuel’, from September 1, under which petrol pumps will deny fuel to two-wheeler riders not wearing helmets.The campaign will be led by district magistrates in coordination with road safety committees, with police, transport, revenue, and district administration officials ensuring compliance with helmet rules under the Motor Vehicles Act.Officials emphasized that the initiative is for safety, not punishment, promoting the rule “Helmet first, fuel later”, with awareness campaigns and monitoring conducted by the Food & Civil Supplies and Information & Public Relations Departments.

 

Rajasthan becomes first state to implement Supreme Court order on stray dogs: Following the Supreme Court directive, the Rajasthan government has mandated compliance with the Stray Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules 2023, directing all municipal corporations, councils, and municipalities to implement systematic stray dog management.Feeding points will be marked in every ward and locality, with urban bodies coordinating with resident welfare associations and animal welfare organisations; food and water will be ensured even for rabies-affected dogs.Stray dogs will be treated, sterilised, vaccinated, tagged, and released in the same locality, with CCTV monitoring at ABC centres, and only trained teams allowed to handle dogs; no dog below six months will be sterilised.Monitoring committees comprising NGO members and animal welfare workers will oversee the process, with records of sterilisation, vaccination, deaths, and feeding maintained; costs are fixed at Rs 200 per dog caught and Rs 1,450 for sterilisation and post-operation care.

 

Bhubaneswar to host National Conference on Welfare of SCs and STs: Bhubaneswar will host a two-day National Conference of Chairpersons of Committees on the Welfare of SCs and STs on August 29–30, inaugurated by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla, along with an exhibition and souvenir release.The conference will feature over 120 delegates from Parliament and State/UT legislatures, discussing the theme: “Role of Parliamentary and Legislative Committees in Welfare, Development and Empowerment of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.”The event, being held outside Delhi for the first time, will deliberate on constitutional safeguards, socio-economic development, and best practices for SC/ST empowerment, aligning with the vision of inclusive Viksit Bharat 2047.

 

President appoints Justices Alok Aradhe and Vipul Manubhai Pancholi as Supreme Court judges: Justice Alok Aradhe (Chief Justice of Bombay High Court) and Justice Vipul Manubhai Pancholi (Chief Justice of Patna High Court) were appointed as Judges of the Supreme Court by the President of India, following the recommendation of the Supreme Court Collegium.Justice Alok Aradhe, born in April 1964, began his judicial career in the Madhya Pradesh High Court in 2009, served in Jammu & Kashmir and Karnataka High Courts as Acting Chief Justice, and became Chief Justice of Telangana and Bombay High Courts before his elevation.Justice Vipul Manubhai Pancholi, born in May 1968 in Ahmedabad, served as Permanent Judge of Gujarat High Court since 2016 and became Chief Justice of Patna High Court in July 2025 before his Supreme Court appointment.

 

Akash Tripathi Appointed as Managing Director of Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI): Akash Tripathi (IAS, 1998 batch) has been appointed as the Managing Director of Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), with approval from the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), in the rank of Additional Secretary.Santosh Sarangi, IAS (Secretary, MNRE) will continue as the Chairman of SECI, ensuring a formalised leadership structure for the organisation.Tripathi’s leadership is expected to enhance execution at scale and strengthen focus on green hydrogen, energy storage, offshore wind, and other renewable energy projects under SECI’s mandate.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

Lithuanian parliament approves Inga Ruginiene as new Prime Minister: The Lithuanian Parliament has approved the appointment of Inga Ruginiene, a Social Democrat and current Minister of Social Security and Labour, as the country’s new Prime Minister.Ruginiene now has 15 days to present a new cabinet list, agreed with the President, to the Parliament for a vote; she will formally assume office once the President signs the appointment decree.Elected to Parliament in 2024, Ruginiene previously served as Chair of the Lithuanian Trade Union Confederation before beginning her political career.

 

UN Launches New Mechanisms for AI Governance: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has taken a decisive step in 2025 to enhance global cooperation on artificial intelligence (AI) governance. Two new institutional mechanisms were established – the United Nations Independent International Scientific Panel on AI and the Global Dialogue on AI Governance. These initiatives aim to address the rapid growth of AI technologies and their complex social, economic, and ethical impacts. The Global Dialogue on AI Governance is a UN-led forum that brings together member states, industry leaders, civil society, academia, and researchers. It provides an inclusive space to discuss critical AI challenges such as algorithmic bias, misinformation, autonomous weapons, and job displacement. The platform encourages collaborative policy innovation and shared global values. Annual high-level sessions are planned, with the first meetings in July 2026 in Geneva and 2027 in New York. These sessions will review reports and promote transparency in AI governance. The United Nations Independent International Scientific Panel on AI will offer independent, rigorous scientific assessments to guide policymaking. Its role is to monitor emerging AI trends, risks, and technologies while advising on societal, ethical, and economic implications. The panel acts as a critical link between cutting-edge AI research and international policy decisions. An open nomination process will soon invite global experts to join. The panel will produce annual reports to inform the Global Dialogue’s deliberations.

 

Global Economic Impact of Invasive Species Explored: Recent research reveals that invasive plants and animals have cost the world economy over $2.2 trillion since 1960. This figure is 16 times higher than previous estimates. The study uses data from InvaCost, a comprehensive public database, and marks underreporting, especially in countries like India. The findings emphasise the vast economic burden invasive species impose across continents and the challenges in managing them. The study marks massive underreporting of management costs, especially in India, where the discrepancy reaches 1.16 billion percent. Europe, Asia, and Africa also show large gaps between reported and actual costs. This suggests that many countries lack comprehensive data collection and reporting systems, leading to a hidden economic burden. Language barriers and limited resources contribute to this challenge.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

Defence Ministry Signs MoU with QCI to Enhance Services for Over 63 Lakh Veterans: The Defence Ministry has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Quality Council of India in New Delhi to strengthen the delivery of pension, healthcare, resettlement, and welfare services for over 63 lakh veterans and their dependents.Under the MoU, QCI will support the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare (DESW) in digital evaluations, impact assessments, and evidence-based policy recommendations.DESW will facilitate data access and stakeholder coordination with State Governments, Zila Sainik Boards, Armed Forces Headquarters, and empanelled hospitals.The initiative will also strengthen healthcare delivery, expand re-employment and entrepreneurship opportunities for veterans, and reinforce institutional frameworks of State and District Sainik Boards.

 

India to Join Over 20 Nations in Multilateral ‘Bright Star 2025’ Exercise in Egypt: Over 700 personnel from the Indian Armed Forces and Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff will participate in the Multilateral Exercise ‘Bright Star 2025’, scheduled in Egypt from August 28 to September 10, 2025.The exercise will include live firing, command post drills, short training exercises, and expert-level interactions to enhance jointness, interoperability, and operational coordination among participating nations.Hosted by Egypt in partnership with the US since 1980, Bright Star is one of the largest biennial tri-service multilateral exercises, with the previous edition held in 2023 that also saw India’s participation.

 

SPORTS

 

Ravichandran Ashwin announces shock retirement from IPL: Veteran off-spinner Ravichandran Ashwin (38) announced his retirement from the Indian Premier League (IPL), while indicating that he may continue playing in other franchise cricket leagues worldwide.Ashwin, who began and ended his IPL journey with Chennai Super Kings, also played for Rising Pune Supergiant, Delhi Capitals, Rajasthan Royals, and Kings XI Punjab during his career.With 187 wickets in 221 matches at an economy rate of 7.2, Ashwin retires as the fifth-highest wicket-taker in IPL history, having also retired from international cricket in December 2024.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

PM Modi Inaugurates Maruti-Suzuki’s First Electric Vehicle “e VITARA” and Lithium-Ion Battery Facility in Gujarat: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Maruti-Suzuki’s first battery electric vehicle (BEV) “e VITARA” and the lithium-ion battery production facility at Hansalpur, Ahmedabad, highlighting the India–Japan partnership as “Made for Each Other.”The TDSG lithium-ion battery facility will produce hybrid battery electrodes locally, with around 80% of batteries made in India, reducing dependence on imports, and marking a milestone under Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiativesPM Modi emphasized India’s democratic advantages, young skilled workforce, and industrial growth, noting that clean energy and mobility, supported by reforms and policies, represent the future of manufacturing and green mobility.The launch also underscores Gujarat’s leading role in automotive manufacturing, with EV exports from the state set to reach over 100 countries, while strengthening India-Japan industrial cooperation initiated by Maruti-Suzuki and extending to projects like the Mumbai–Ahmedabad Bullet Train.

PNB Inaugurates First Startup-Centric Branch in New Delhi: Punjab National Bank (PNB) inaugurated its first startup-centric branch in New Delhi, aligned with the Startup India initiative to promote entrepreneurship and innovation.The inauguration was attended by Arvind Kumar (DG, STPI) and Ashok Chandra (MD & CEO, PNB), marking the launch of comprehensive banking solutions dedicated to startups.An MoU was signed between PNB and Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) to provide financial support to eligible startups; signed by Sudhir Dalal (GM, PNB) and Subodh Sachan (Director, STPI).Under this collaboration, STPI will share a curated list of startups with PNB to connect them with startup-focused schemes and financial products, strengthening India’s startup ecosystem.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

India set to become world’s second-largest economy in PPP terms by 2038 – EY Report: India is projected to become the world’s second-largest economy in PPP terms by 2038, with an estimated $20.7 trillion economy by 2030, surpassing the US, Germany, and Japan, according to EY’s report.China is expected to remain the largest economy at $42.2 trillion (PPP) by 2030, but faces challenges from an ageing population and rising debt, while the US faces high debt and slower growth.India’s advantages include a youthful population (median age 28.8 in 2025), strong savings and investment rates, and a declining government debt-to-GDP ratio from 81.3% in 2024 to 75.8% by 2030.Structural reforms, resilient fundamentals, and investments in critical technologies will further support India’s growth, with the country expected to overtake Germany by 2028 to become the world’s third-largest economy in market exchange rate terms.