Daily GK Update- 26th Sept, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Virat Kohli Tops Kroll 2024 List as Most Valued Indian Celebrity with $231.1 Million Brand Worth**: Virat Kohli retained his position as the most valued Indian celebrity with a brand value of $231.1 million, driven by his mass influence and strong social media engagement.Ranveer Singh ranked second ($170.7 million), Shah Rukh Khan third ($145.7 million, 21% surge), and Alia Bhatt emerged as the most valued female celebrity ($116.4 million, fourth position). Sachin Tendulkar rose to fifth ($112.2 million).The combined brand value of the top 25 Indian celebrities reached $2 billion in 2024, an increase of 8.6%, with stronger social media presence boosting individual valuations.Bollywood stars contributed 65%, sports stars 28.4%, and Tollywood stars 6.6% of the overall brand value, reflecting the dominance of film and sports personalities in India’s celebrity endorsement market.

 

2. Uttar Pradesh to Host 19th National Jamboree of Bharat Scouts and Guides in Lucknow: Uttar Pradesh to host the 19th National Jamboree of the Bharat Scouts and Guides in Lucknow’s Vrindavan Scheme from November 23-29, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurating the event on November 24.The state government, under CM Yogi Adityanath, is creating a gated Tent City with world-class facilities for 35,000 participants, promoting safety, comfort, and global brotherhood.The Jamboree will feature adventure sports, science, and cultural activities, fostering discipline, teamwork, self-reliance, and leadership, with over 32,000 youth participants expected.

 

3. Cabinet Approves 78-Day Productivity Linked Bonus Worth ₹1865.68 Crore for 10.91 Lakh Railway Employees: The Union Cabinet approved Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) of 78 days for 2025, amounting to ₹1865.68 crore for 10.91 lakh non-gazetted railway employees.The PLB, paid annually before Durga Puja/Dussehra, serves as an incentive to boost railway performance and employee motivation.The maximum payable PLB amount is ₹17,951 per employee, covering staff like Track Maintainers, Loco Pilots, Guards, Station Masters, Technicians, Supervisors, and other Group ‘C’ employees.

 

4. Cabinet Approves ₹2277 Crore CSIR Scheme for Capacity Building & Human Resource Development in R&D Sector: The Union Cabinet approved the DSIR/CSIR “Capacity Building and Human Resource Development” Scheme with an outlay of ₹2277.397 crore for the 15th Finance Commission cycle (2021-22 to 2025-26).The scheme will cover R&D institutions, national laboratories, Institutes of National Importance, Eminence, and universities, providing a platform for young researchers in STEMM fields under the guidance of eminent scientists.The umbrella scheme includes four sub-schemes: (i) Doctoral & Postdoctoral Fellowships, (ii) Extramural Research, Emeritus Scientist & Bhatnagar Fellowship, (iii) Awards for Excellence, and (iv) Travel & Symposia Grants.India’s R&D ecosystem has strengthened, improving its Global Innovation Index rank to 39 (2024) and placing India among the top 3 nations in scientific paper publications, with CSIR marking 84 years of service.

5. Union Ministry of Environment Recommends Clearance for 2,220 MW Oju Hydroelectric Project in Arunachal Pradesh: The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the Union Ministry of Environment has recommended environmental clearance for the 2,220 MW Oju Hydroelectric Project on the Subansiri River in Taksing, Arunachal Pradesh, near the China border.The project will be constructed by Oju Subansiri Hydro Power Corporation Pvt. Ltd., located about 5 km downstream from Redi village in Upper Subansiri.The primary powerhouse is designed for 2,100 MW, with an additional 120 MW generated from a dam-toe station, totaling 2,220 MW.The Subansiri basin hosts several other proposed hydroelectric projects including Nyare, Naba, Nalo, Dengser, Upper Subansiri, and Lower Subansiri, with basin studies finalized in 2014.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. UIBC Signs Three Strategic Agreements to Strengthen UAE-India CEPA, Trade, and Investment Ties: UAE-India Business Council (UIBC) signed three strategic agreements to boost trade, investment, and industry engagements under the UAE-India CEPA framework.UIBC and UAE-India CEPA Council (UICC) agreed to closer institutional collaboration for advancing CEPA objectives and strengthening the bilateral economic partnership.UIBC and Services Export Promotion Council (SEPC) partnered to deepen cooperation in key services sectors like logistics, healthcare, IT/ITES, education, tourism, and engineering, while addressing market access challenges.UIBC also signed agreements with regional chambers of commerce (Bombay Industries Association, Calicut CCI, Gujarat CCI) to expand industry participation, strengthen state-level linkages, and institutionalise CEPA facilitation at the grassroots.

 

2. India Elected to INTERPOL Asian Committee, Strengthening Role in Regional Law Enforcement: India has been elected to the INTERPOL Asian Committee after a multi-stage voting process during the 25th Asian Regional Conference in Singapore.The committee identifies strategic priorities and operational challenges in tackling organized crime, cybercrime, terrorism, human trafficking, and drug trafficking in the region.India has a strong record of representation at INTERPOL, including CBI Special Director Praveen Sinha’s election in 2021 as Delegate for Asia on INTERPOL’s Executive Committee.At the Singapore conference, India was represented by a CBI delegation, strengthening its influence in regional law enforcement priorities.

 

3. Dubai Announces 15-km Dedicated Corridor For Driverless Vehicles & Marine Transport: Dubai launches the Dubai Autonomous Zone (DAZ), a 15-kilometre corridor for driverless vehicles and marine transport, set to become operational in early 2026, supporting the goal of 25% autonomous trips by 2030.The zone will connect Al Jaddaf Metro Station, Dubai Creek Harbour, and Dubai Festival City, offering autonomous options including Metro, RoboTaxis, RoboBuses, shuttles, delivery robots, and autonomous abras.Trials for RoboTaxis start by end of 2025, aiming for 1,000 vehicles by 2028, with Uber collaborating with RTA and WeRide for pilot autonomous car services.The initiative emphasizes safety, accessibility, cost reduction, emission cuts, and intermodal efficiency, with expansion plans and future integration into hyperloop and flying taxi networks under consideration.

 

4. China to Launch K-Visa for Global Young STEM Professionals from October 2025: China to launch the K-Visa from October 1, 2025, targeting global young STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) professionals, providing flexible work rights without local sponsorship.The K-Visa aims to attract talent amid tightening U.S. H-1B visa restrictions, including the $100,000 application fee announced by former President Donald TrumpThis visa category promotes academic, cultural, entrepreneurial, and research exchanges, allowing independent applications without employer sponsorship.K-Visa holders can engage in research, entrepreneurship, academic programs, cultural activities, and business ventures, distinguishing it from traditional work visas.

 

5. 25 September – World Maritime Day: World Maritime Day is observed annually on 25th September to recognize the importance of shipping and maritime industries in global trade, economy, and sustainable development.Theme 2025 – Our Ocean, Our Obligation, Our OpportunityThe day is designated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping.

 

6. 26 September – European Day of Languages: The European Day of Languages is celebrated every year on 26 September, initiated by the Council of Europe in 2001 in collaboration with the European Union.It aims to promote language learning across all ages, encourage multilingualism, and highlight the cultural and linguistic diversity of Europe.Theme 2025 – Languages: your bridge to the futureThe day emphasises the importance of intercultural understanding, lifelong learning of languages, and strengthening cooperation among European nations.With over 200 languages spoken in Europe, the observance also raises awareness about preserving linguistic heritage while supporting mobility, employment, and global competitiveness.

 

7. 26 September – World Environmental Health Day: World Environmental Health Day is observed every year on 26 September, established in 2011 by the International Federation of Environmental Health (IFEH).Theme 2025 –Clean Air, Healthy PeopleThe day highlights the vital connection between the environment and human health, focusing on safe food, clean air, safe water, sanitation, and healthy living conditions.

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

DEFENCE

 

1. Defence ministry signs ₹62,370 crore deal with HAL for fighter aircraft: The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has signed a contract worth over ₹62,370 crore with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the procurement of 97 Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Mk1A for the Indian Air Force (IAF).The order includes 68 fighter jets and 29 twin-seater aircraft, along with associated equipment. Deliveries are scheduled to begin in 2027–28 and will be completed over a period of six years.The aircraft will have an indigenous content of more than 64%, with 67 additional items integrated compared to the earlier LCA Mk1A contract signed in January 2021. These upgrades include advanced indigenous systems such as the UTTAM Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) Radar, Swayam Raksha Kavach, and control surface actuators.The acquisition has been undertaken under the ‘Buy (India-IDDM)’ category of the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020. Officials said the deal is in line with the government’s push for indigenisation in defence manufacturing.

 

2. India Tests Agni-Prime Missile From Rail Launcher: India recently achieved milestone by successfully test-launching the Agni-Prime intermediate-range ballistic missile from a rail-based mobile launcher system. This launch is the first of its kind in the country and marks India’s advancing strategic deterrence capabilities. The Agni-Prime missile was launched from a specially designed mobile platform integrated with India’s national railway network. This innovation enables the missile to move across the country without restrictions. It offers cross-country mobility, faster reaction times, and reduced visibility, enhancing strategic flexibility and survivability. Agni-Prime is a next-generation missile with a strike range of up to 2,000 kilometres. It is solid-fuelled and three-staged, which allows for quicker launch readiness and better control. The missile uses a canister launch system, improving storage, handling, and rapid deployment.

 

SPORTS

 

1. Jerome Boateng Announces Retirement from Professional Football: Jerome Boateng, 2014 World Cup winner with Germany, announces retirement from professional football at age 37, ending a career spanning top clubs and international appearances.Club career highlights include 10 years at Bayern Munich with nine Bundesliga titles, two Champions League trophies, and stints at Manchester City, Olympique Lyonnais, Salernitana, Hamburg SV, and most recently LASK Linz.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. New Finless Snake Eel Species Discovered Off Colachel Coast: The National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR), Kochi, under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, has recently identified a new species of finless snake eel. Named *Apterichtus kanniyakumari*, this discovery marks the rich marine biodiversity of the Arabian Sea near the Colachel coast. The finding was published in the international journal *Zootaxa* and honours the cultural and geographical significance of Kanniyakumari district. Researchers collected two specimens off the Colachel coast during deep-sea trawling at a depth of 100 metres. Fishermen had previously reported catches of this eel. The team conducted detailed morphological studies, vertebral counts, and DNA-based molecular analysis. These confirmed the eel as a new species within the genus *Apterichtus*.The new species is characterised by specific body proportions – head length is 9.6-9.7% of total length (TL), tail length 1.8-1.9% of TL, and body depth at gill openings ranges from 42.1% to 54.8% of TL. It has three preopercular and nine supratemporal pores. The teeth are conical and uniserial on jaws and vomer. Its body displays a distinct golden-yellow colour with a pale white ventral head marked by yellow lines along the lower jaw. Three black blotches appear behind the eyes, at the rictus, and behind the origin of rictus.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Finance Minister Launches GST Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT) to Strengthen Indirect Tax Dispute Resolution Framework: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman launched the GST Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT) in New Delhi, marking a significant step in strengthening the institutional framework for indirect tax dispute resolution.GSTAT as part of “Next-Gen GST Reforms,” focusing on simplicity, jargon-free decisions, digital filings, and timely resolution to ease compliance and improve taxpayer confidence.Transparency & Trust Building: Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary emphasized that GSTAT will provide a uniform, transparent, and reliable dispute resolution platform, instilling trust among citizens, MSMEs, and investors.

Specialised Forum with 3S Model: Revenue Secretary Arvind Shrivastava underlined GSTAT’s design based on Structure, Scale, and Synergy, ensuring nationwide consistency, efficiency through state benches, and integration of technology with judicial expertise.

Daily GK Update- 25th Sept, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Govt Approves ₹13,890 Crore Procurement of Pulses & Oilseeds in UP and Gujarat for Kharif 2025–26: Union Agriculture Minister Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan approved the procurement of major pulses and oilseeds for the Kharif 2025–26 season in Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat, ensuring ₹13,890.60 crore worth of direct benefits to farmers.Uttar Pradesh will see 100% procurement of 2,27,860 MT urad (₹1,777.30 cr) and 1,13,780 MT tur (₹910.24 cr), along with moong, sesame, and groundnut, while Gujarat will have procurement of urad, soybean, groundnut, and moong.

The procurement process will be conducted in a transparent, digital, and farmer-friendly manner, with Aadhaar-based biometric/facial authentication and POS machines (350 in UP, 400 in Gujarat) to prevent middlemen interference.Farmers must pre-register through NAFED and NCCF and sell their crops at MSP only via the e-Samriddhi and e-Samyukti digital portals, ensuring direct payment into their bank accounts.

 

2. Govt partnered with Zepto to enhance employment opportunities: Government of India partners with Zepto to boost youth employability on the National Career Service (NCS) Portal, aiming to strengthen the connection between employers and job-seekers.Zepto to provide 10,000 job postings during the MoU period, creating structured urban employment opportunities for youth, women, and first-time job seekers.Collaboration promotes formalisation and upskilling, linking gig workers with e-Shram registration, social security schemes, and future employability opportunities.

 

3. 25 September – Antyodaya Diwas: Antyodaya Diwas is observed every year on 25 September to honour the vision of uplifting the poorest and most marginalised sections of society.The day commemorates Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya, a leader and thinker who advocated thephilosophy of “Antyodaya” (welfare of the last person) in society.The observance aims to raise awareness about poverty alleviation, inclusive development, and social welfare programs across India.Various government initiatives and campaigns, including rural development programs, skill training, and welfare schemes, are highlighted on this day to empower the underprivileged.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. 25 September – World Pharmacists Day: World Pharmacists Day is observed every year on 25 September to recognize the vital role pharmacists play in healthcare.The day was established by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) in 2009 to raise awareness about pharmacy’s contribution to global health.Theme 2025 – Think Health, Think Pharmacist

 

2. India’s Role in Palestine Statehood Recognition: India’s position on Palestinian statehood remains crucial in global diplomacy. Over 150 UN member states now recognise Palestine. India was an early supporter, recognising Palestine in 1988. Since then, India has balanced its support for Palestine with diplomatic ties to Israel. Recent conflicts in 2023 have challenged India’s stance and raised questions about its ethical and foreign policy priorities. India recognised the Palestine Liberation Organisation in 1974. It formally recognised Palestinian statehood in 1988. This was a moral decision reflecting India’s anti-colonial values and support for self-determination. India has backed many UN resolutions supporting Palestinian rights and condemning Israeli settlements. It has also provided humanitarian aid and educational support to Palestinians.

 

3. China’s New K Visa Challenges US H-1B Tech Talent: The introduction of China’s K visa in 2025 marks shift in the global competition for science and technology talent. This move comes amid tightened US restrictions on the H-1B visa, which has traditionally allowed American tech firms to hire skilled foreign workers. China’s new visa policy aims to attract young foreign professionals in STEM fields, potentially altering the global landscape of innovation and research. The US government imposed stricter rules on the H-1B visa programme to address domestic political pressures. These changes include higher fees and prioritising higher-paid workers. While intended to protect American jobs, such curbs risk harming the US technology sector by limiting access to global talent. Countries like India, which supply many H-1B applicants, face challenges due to these restrictions.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

 

DEFENCE

 

1. Mazagon Dock Signs MoU with Tamil Nadu to Develop World-Class Greenfield Shipyard under Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047: Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL) signed an MoU with the Tamil Nadu Government to develop a world-class greenfield shipyard on India’s Eastern Coast under the Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047.The agreement was signed between Shri Biju George (Director, Shipbuilding, MDL) and Dr. Darez Ahamed, IAS (MD & CEO, Guidance Tamil Nadu), the state’s nodal agency for investment promotion.Following the announcement, MDL shares rose by 0.36%, trading at ₹2,946.10 on BSE, with the stock touching an intraday high of ₹2,995.00 against a 52-week high of ₹3,775.00.

 

SPORTS

 

1. ICC Suspends USA Cricket Membership Amid Governance Failures: The International Cricket Council (ICC) suspends USA Cricket membership with immediate effect (Sept 23, 2025) after repeated breaches of obligations under ICC’s Constitution, including governance failures and reputational damage.Despite suspension, USA’s national teams will continue to participate in ICC events and prepare for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympics, with administration temporarily overseen by ICC.A Normalisation Committee will monitor USA Cricket, outlining reforms needed in governance, operations, and compliance for membership restoration.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. India to Establish DBNet Stations in Delhi-NCR and Chennai for Real-Time Weather Forecasting under Mission Mausam: The National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), and New Space India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of the Department of Space (DoS) signed an MoU in New Delhi to set up two Direct Broadcast Network (DBNet) stations — one in Delhi/NCR and another in Chennai — under the Mission Mausam project.DBNet stations will provide near-real-time satellite data from LEO satellites like Oceansat, NOAA, and MetOp, enabling faster, high-resolution weather forecasts, cyclone monitoring, and climate research with reduced latency.The processed DBNet data will be shared globally via WMO’s Information System – 2.0, strengthening India’s role in international weather forecasting, disaster risk reduction, and global climate monitoring efforts.

 

2. Technology for Efficient Water Management Summit 2025: The Government of India, led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has launched a series of six Departmental Summits to integrate grassroots vital information about national policy-making. One of these, the “Sujalam Bharat” Summit, focuses on water management. Coordinated by NITI Aayog and anchored by the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS), the summit aims to gather feedback on water policies from diverse regions and stakeholders. Recently, the Central Water Commission (CWC) organised a virtual workshop titled “Technology for Efficient Water Management”. The event brought together representatives from states across India, including Leh, Tamil Nadu, Arunachal Pradesh, and Odisha. Participants ranged from gram panchayat members and Water User Associations to experts from institutions like the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad. The workshop was chaired by Shri Atul Jain, Chairman of CWC, with key inputs from Shri Yogesh Paithankar, Member (WP&P), CWC, and Ms Archana Verma, AS & Mission Director of the National Water Mission (NWM).

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. S&P Global Retains India’s FY26 GDP Forecast at 6.5%: S&P Global retains India’s GDP forecast at 6.5% for FY26, citing strong domestic demand, increasing government investment, and benefits from tax reforms.Inflation outlook revised downward to 3.2% for FY26 due to a sharper-than-expected drop in food inflation, providing room for monetary policy adjustments.RBI likely to cut rates by 25 bps in FY26, with the next Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting scheduled from September 29 to October 1; repo rate currently at 5.5%.

 

2. NPCI & Qatar National Bank Launch UPI Payments Across Qatar to Boost Tourism and Retail: NPCI International Payments Ltd and Qatar National Bank have partnered to enable UPI QR code-based payments across Qatar via POS terminals, with Qatar Duty Free becoming the first merchant to go live.This initiative will allow millions of Indian travellers, the second-largest group of visitors to Qatar, to make real-time, cashless transactions, reducing currency exchange hassles and boosting convenience.The move is expected to benefit Qatar’s retail and tourism sectors, increase merchant transaction volumes, promote interoperability, and expand UPI’s global acceptance network.

 

3. India’s Core Industries Grow 6.3% in August 2025, Led by Steel, Coal, and Cement: India’s eight core industries grew 3% in August 2025, the highest in 13 months, driven mainly by steel (+14.2%), coal (+11.4%), and cement (+6.1%) output.The Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI), which makes up 40.27% of the IIP, showed cumulative growth of 2.8% during April–August 2025-26, compared to last year.While fertilizers (+4.6%), petroleum refinery products (+3.0%), and electricity (+3.1%) registered moderate growth, crude oil (-1.2%) and natural gas (-2.2%) declined in August.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Andhra Pradesh Wins Best State Award Under ‘Mera Resham – Mera Abhiman’ for Excellence in Silk Farmer Development: Andhra Pradesh wins Best State Award under the ‘Mera Resham – Mera Abhiman’ programme by the Central Silk Board for promoting awareness and development among silk farmers and reelers.Award presented on 76th Central Silk Board Foundation Day in Bengaluru, by officials including Padmini Singla, Shivakumar, and MP Ambika Lakshminarayana. Recognition follows previous achievements, including winning the Best Tableau Award during Independence Day 2025, marking another proud moment for the state’s sericulture efforts.

 

2. Gram Panchayats Receive National Awards for e-Governance 2025: Gram Panchayats honoured with National Awards for e-Governance (NAeG) 2025 under a new category for grassroots-level digital service initiatives, presented at the 28th National Conference on e-Governance in Visakhapatnam by Dr. Jitendra Singh.

Award-winning Panchayats:

·       Gold: Rohini Gram Panchayat, Maharashtra – Rs.10 lakh

·       Silver: West Majlishpur Gram Panchayat, Tripura – Rs.5 lakh

·       Jury Awards: Palsana Gram Panchayat, Gujarat & Suakati Gram Panchayat, Odisha – financial incentives included. Rohini Gram Panchayat, Maharashtra adopted a fully paperless e-Office system, providing 1,027 online services, 100% household digital literacy, real-time grievance redressal, and bulk SMS outreach for citizen engagement.West Majlishpur Gram Panchayat, Tripura implemented Citizen Charter–driven governance with online access to certificates, trade licenses, property records, and MGNREGS job cards, ensuring accountability and transparency.

3. UK PM Keir Starmer Honoured with ‘Living Bridge’ Award for Strengthening India-UK Ties and Sealing FTA: UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer received the ‘Living Bridge’ honour for championing India-UK bilateral ties and finalising the India-UK Free Trade Agreement (FTA); the award was accepted on his behalf by Minister Seema Malhotra at the House of Lords.The Living Bridge Awards 2025, organised by the India Business Group (IBG), also recognised GMR Group, G P Hinduja, KPMG UK chair Bina Mehta, and the University of Southampton for strengthening India-UK ties.The India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) aims to double bilateral trade to USD 120 billion by 2030, pending UK parliamentary ratification next year.The awards highlight individuals and organisations promoting UK-India prosperity, investments, and cultural ties, reflecting PM Narendra Modi’s vision of a special friendship between the two nations.

Daily GK Update- 24th Sept, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Government Sanctions 25 Lakh Additional LPG Connections under PMUY, Total Reaches 10.58 Crore: The Union Government sanctioned the release of 25 lakh additional LPG connections under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) for the financial year 2025-26, taking the total connections distributed under the scheme to 10.58 crore.Launched in 2016, PMUY aims to provide LPG connections to women from poor households without any upfront costs for installation, first refill, hose, regulator, or stove, fully funded by the government and oil marketing companies.As of July 2025, the scheme has delivered over 10.33 crore LPG connections, and in August, the government approved a targeted subsidy of ₹300 per 14.2 kg cylinder and increased eligible refills to 9 per year.For the latest 25 lakh connections, the government will spend ₹676 crore, including ₹512.5 crore for deposit-free connections, ₹160 crore for the targeted subsidy, and ₹3.5 crore for project management and administration.

 

2. CAG Report 2022-23: 16 States in Revenue Surplus, Uttar Pradesh Tops with ₹37,263 Crore: According to the CAG report on State Finances 2022-23, 16 out of 28 States were in revenue surplus, with Uttar Pradesh topping the chart at ₹37,263 crore, followed by Gujarat (₹19,865 crore) and Odisha (₹19,456 crore).The fiscal responsibility path prescribed by the XV Finance Commission required States to have zero-revenue deficit or achieve revenue surplus during 2022-23; revenue receipts of surplus States exceeded their revenue expenditure.The 12 revenue-deficit States included Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal, with a combined deficit of ₹2,22,648 crore.The Finance Commission grants for bridging revenue deficits in 2022-23 amounted to ₹86,201 crore, covering 39% of the aggregate revenue deficit, with the largest shares going to West Bengal, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh.

 

3. Vandana Gupta Takes Charge as Controller General of Communication Accounts: Ms Vandana Gupta, a 1990 batch IP&TAFS officer, has assumed charge as the Controller General of Communication Accounts in New Delhi.She has held significant roles in Maharashtra, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat Circles, and at the DoT Headquarters as well as the Department of Posts.On central deputation, she served in key positions including Principal Director at GASAB (CAG), Joint Secretary in MoWCD, JS in NCW, and Controller of Finance at GGSIPU.

 

4. IndusInd Bank Appoints Viral Damania as New CFO, Ending Interim Arrangement: IndusInd Bank appointed Viral Damania as its new Chief Financial Officer (CFO), filling the position left vacant since January after whistleblower CFO Gobind Jain’s resignation.Damania brings over 27 years of experience, having served as CFO of Bank of America India and previously worked with Citibank NA across India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and PwC.With this appointment, the interim responsibilities of Santosh Kumar as special officer – finance & accounts end, and he will continue as Deputy CFO of the bank.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. India and Brazil Launch Maitri 2.0 to Boost Agri-Innovation and Global Food Security: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) launched Maitri 2.0, the second edition of the Brazil–India Cross-Incubation Programme in Agritech, in New Delhi with participation from senior officials and diplomats.M. L. Jat emphasized the 77-year-old India–Brazil partnership, highlighting their cooperation in BRICS, G20, and the ICAR–EMBRAPA MoU for strengthening the agri-food value chain.Maitri 2.0 was described as a two-way learning platform fostering innovation, co-creation, and inclusive collaboration for global food security.

 

2. India and Morocco Sign Defence Cooperation MoU to Strengthen Strategic Partnership: India and Morocco signed an MoU on Defence Cooperation in Rabat, providing a framework for collaboration in defence industry, joint exercises, training, and capacity building.The agreement includes a comprehensive roadmap covering counter-terrorism, maritime security, cyber defence, peacekeeping, military medicine, and expert exchanges.Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh announced the opening of a new Defence Wing at the Indian Embassy in Rabat, showcasing India’s defence capabilities such as drone and counter-drone technologies to support Morocco’s requirements.

 

3. Amita Chaudhury Becomes First Woman of Indian Origin to Chair UNEP FI Global Sustainable Insurance Board: Amita Chaudhury was appointed as the first woman of Indian origin to chair the UNEP FI Global Sustainable Insurance Board, leading the Principles for Sustainable Insurance (PSI) initiative.With over 20 years of global leadership experience across Singapore, London, and India, Chaudhury is recognized for championing sustainability, diversity, and business transformation, and has held senior roles including at Unilever.Her appointment breaks the glass ceiling for Indian women in global finance leadership and serves as an inspiration for aspiring professionals, highlighting her dedication to delivering business value while creating a positive impact for people and the planet.

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Praveen Kumar and Praveer Ranjan Appointed as New DGs of ITBP and CISF: The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet approved the appointment of Praveen Kumar, a 1993 batch IPS officer (West Bengal cadre), as the new Director General of ITBP, succeeding Rahul Rasgotra, who retires on September 30, 2025.Praveen Kumar, currently Special Director in the Intelligence Bureau, will serve as ITBP chief until his superannuation on September 30, 2030, bringing expertise in intelligence, border management, and counter-insurgency. Praveer Ranjan, a 1993 batch IPS officer (AGMUT cadre), has been appointed as Director General of CISF, replacing Rajwinder Singh Bhatti, who retires on September 30, 2025. Ranjan, with experience in industrial security and public safety, will serve as CISF chief until his superannuation on July 31, 2029, strengthening CISF’s role in protecting critical infrastructure nationwide.

 

2. Israel Successfully Tests “Iron Beam” Laser System to Strengthen Missile Defense: Israel successfully tested “Iron Beam,” a high-power laser system developed by Elbit Systems and Rafael, designed to destroy incoming missiles. Iron Beam will complement existing missile defense systems like Iron Dome, David’s Sling, and Arrow, and is expected to be operational by the end of 2025. The laser-based system offers a low-cost alternative to traditional interceptors, which cost around $50,000 per rocket, targeting primarily short-range missiles and drones.

 

SPORTS

 

1. Smriti Mandhana Smashes Fastest ODI Century by an Indian, Breaking Virat Kohli’s Record: Smriti Mandhana scripted history by smashing the fastest ODI century by any Indian, reaching the milestone in just 50 balls against Australia at Arun Jaitley Stadium, New Delhi. She broke Virat Kohli’s 2013 record of a 52-ball century against Australia, becoming the fastest Indian (men’s or women’s) to score an ODI hundred. Mandhana played a blistering knock of 125 runs off 65 balls, including 17 fours and 5 sixes, completing her century with a six over midwicket. Her innings, coming while chasing Australia’s record 412/7, also placed her century as the second-fastest in women’s ODI history, behind Meg Lanning’s 45-ball ton.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. IILM University Gurugram in collaboration with AIMS Launch Experiential Learning Lab to Drive MSME Innovation Across India: The School of Management, IILM University, Gurugram, in collaboration with the Association of Indian Management Schools (AIMS) Delhi-Haryana Chapter, has launched the MSME Experiential Learning Lab to empower Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Haryana and across India. The initiative is designed to provide hands-on mentorship, live projects, and innovation-driven training to help MSMEs overcome business challenges and achieve sustainable growth. Designed as a problem-solving hub, the Lab turns business challenges in areas such as digital transformation, sustainability, and sales into opportunities for innovation and growth.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. UPI Settlement Rules to Change from November 3: From November 3, 2025, UPI settlement rules will change to make processing faster and smoother by separating authorised transactions and dispute settlements. Authorised transactions will be processed in 10 daily cycles (9 am to 9 pm, in two-hour windows), while dispute-related settlements (refunds or reversals) will be handled in two dedicated cycles: midnight–4 pm and 4 pm–midnight. The revised framework does not affect RTGS cut-off timings, reconciliation reports, GST reports, or other existing settlement procedures.

For consumers, payments at shops, online platforms, and peer-to-peer transfers will continue as before, but refunds and reversals will now be processed in predictable, dedicated dispute cycles.

NPCI aims to reduce bottlenecks, improve operational efficiency, and cut risks of settlement delays, benefiting banks with less congestion and users with faster transaction updates.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1. Ministry of Ayush Launches National Dhanwantari Ayurveda Awards to Honour Excellence in Ayurveda: The Ministry of Ayush has launched the National Dhanwantari Ayurveda Awards to recognise outstanding contributions in the field of Ayurveda and inspire both experienced and young practitioners. The awards will be presented annually in five categories: Ayurveda Bhushan (Rs 5 lakh), Ayurveda Ratna, Ayurveda Gaurav, Ayurveda Yuva, and Ayurveda Prashasti Patra (Rs 1 lakh each), along with citations and trophies. The awards aim to encourage excellence, promote competition, and motivate professionals in Ayurveda practice, education, and research. The initiative highlights the importance of Ayurveda in preventive healthcare, chronic disease management, and holistic well-being, strengthening its national and global visibility. Eligible Ayurvedic professionals can apply online through the Ministry of Ayush website, with winners selected by a dedicated committee after reviewing all entries.

Daily GK Update- 23rd Sept, 2025

 

NATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. BRO’s Project Vijayak Marks 15th Raising Day in Kargil with ₹1,200 Crore Expansion Plan: Project Vijayak of BRO celebrated its 15th Raising Day at Kargil, Ladakh (21 Sept 2025), marking 15 years of resilience with infrastructure works worth ₹1,200 crore as it steps into its 16th year.

Since its inception in 2010, the Project has built 1,400 km of roads and 80 major bridges, including the record reopening of Zojila Pass in just 31 days in April 2025, boosting connectivity and operational readiness.The celebrations featured Sainik Sammelan, cultural events, prayers, a bike rally to Drass War Memorial, painting competitions, and the inauguration of Vijayak Memorial, honouring both troops and local community ties.Future plans include widening key roads, new tunnels/bridges, geotextile use, slope stabilisation, digital monitoring, and eco-friendly construction, ensuring greater sustainability and high-altitude connectivity.

 

2. Rural Development Ministry Signs MoUs with NIRD&PR and 4 States to Boost DAY-NRLM Interventions: The Ministry of Rural Development signed five MoUs with NIRD&PR, Hyderabad and four SRLMs (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Telangana) to strengthen interventions under DAY-NRLM.The MoU focuses on capacity building, leadership training, multi-thematic resource pool creation, and documenting best practices.It will provide technical and strategic support to strengthen community institutions, enhance livelihoods, and promote digital innovations and FNHW interventions.

 

3. 28th National Conference on e-Governance 2025 Kicks Off in Visakhapatnam: The 28th National Conference on e-Governance (NCeG) 2025 was held in Visakhapatnam, organised by DARPG and MeitY in collaboration with the Government of Andhra Pradesh.The theme of this year’s conference is ‘Viksit Bharat: Civil Service and Digital Transformation’, focusing on innovative digital governance and public service reforms.The two-day event will feature 6 plenary sessions, 6 breakout sessions, and around 70 speakers sharing experiences and best practices across various sub-themes. It will be inaugurated by Dr Jitendra Singh and CM N. Chandrababu Naidu.

 

4. Piyush Goyal Launches IPRS 3.0 to Benchmark Industrial Parks and Boost India’s Industrial Competitiveness: Union Minister Piyush Goyal launched IPRS 3.0 in New Delhi, an upgraded Industrial Park Rating System developed by DPIIT with support from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to benchmark industrial parks.IPRS 3.0 introduces new parameters such as sustainability, green infrastructure, logistics connectivity, digitalisation, skill linkages, and enhanced tenant feedback to strengthen India’s industrial ecosystem.Industrial parks will be categorised as Leaders, Challengers, and Aspirers based on performance across key indicators, providing investors with transparent information and fostering healthy competition among States and UTs.

The initiative helps States and UTs showcase best-performing parks, identify improvement areas, attract investments, generate employment, and make India a more sustainable, inclusive, and globally competitive investment destination.

 

INTERNATIONAL UPDATES:

 

1. Kochi hosts 5th World Teak Conference 2025 on sustainability: Kochi host the 5th World Teak Conference (WTC) at the Grand Hyatt, marking the first time India is hosting the event with 350+ delegates from 40 countries.Themed “Sustainable Development of the Global Teak Sector – Adapting to Future Markets and Environments”, the conference will discuss socioeconomic trends, genetics, silviculture, technology, environment, and trade in the teak industry.The event is jointly organised by KFRI (under KSCSTE), MoEFCC, TEAKNET, and ITTO Japan, with technical support from FAO, IUFRO, and MAFF Japan, serving as a platform for policymakers, researchers, traders, and farmers.

 

2. Trump Unveils ‘Gold Card’ Visa Programme to Attract Wealthy Immigrants, Replacing EB-1 and EB-2 Visas: Trump launches ‘Gold Card’ visa programme aimed at attracting wealthy global individuals, offering US residency in exchange for high payments through “Gold” and “Platinum” cards.The Trump Gold Card costs $1 million and provides residency, while the Platinum Card priced at $5 million allows holders to spend up to 270 days in the US without taxes on foreign income.A corporate scheme allows businesses paying $2 million per employee to secure US residency, with options to transfer access via the “Trump Corporate Gold Card” and annual maintenance fees.The Commerce, State, and Homeland Security Departments must implement the programme within 90 days, including application processes, expedited review, fee structures, and rigorous vetting.The Gold Card is set to replace EB-1 and EB-2 visas, which currently grant permanent residency to individuals with extraordinary abilities, with additional vetting fees of $15,000 for applicants.

 

3. ISLRTC to Celebrate Sign Language Day 2025 in New Delhi: Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre (ISLRTC), to organise Sign Language Day 2025 programme in New Delhi under the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, highlighting the importance of sign language.International Day of Sign Languages is observed on 23rd September by the UN to raise awareness about the role of sign language in realising the human rights of people who are Deaf.

Theme 2025: “No Human Rights Without Sign Language Rights”, emphasising equality, inclusion, and dignity for persons who are Deaf.

 

4. 22 September – World Rhino Day: World Rhino Day is observed every year on 22 September to raise awareness about the need to protect the world’s five rhinoceros species.The day highlights the threats of poaching and habitat loss that endanger rhino populations globally.The five species celebrated are White Rhino, Black Rhino, Greater One-horned Rhino, Sumatran Rhino, and Javan Rhino.

 

 

OTHER UPDATES:

DEFENCE

 

1. Indian Coast Guard Commissions Adamya-Class Fast Patrol Vessel: The Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) ‘Adamya’ was commissioned at Paradip Port, Odisha on 19 September 2025. It is the first of eight Adamya-class Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs) designed and built indigenously by Goa Shipyard Limited. This milestone marks India’s growing maritime strength and commitment to ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ with over 60% indigenous content. The vessel will operate under the ICG Region (North East) from Paradip, strengthening coastal security and surveillance. ICGS Adamya is 51 metres long and displaces about 320 tons. It is propelled by two 3000 KW diesel engines enabling speeds up to 28 knots. The ship features the first indigenously developed Controllable Pitch Propellers and gearboxes. These provide superior manoeuvrability and operational flexibility. Over 60% of the ship’s components are sourced from Indian manufacturers, showcasing self-reliance in defence shipbuilding.

 

SPORTS

 

1. Anandkumar Velkumar Becomes India’s First Speed Skating World Champion at 2025 Championships in China: Anandkumar Velkumar won gold in the men’s 42km marathon at the 2025 World Speed Skating Championships in China, also securing two golds and a bronze, becoming India’s first-ever speed skating world champion.The 22-year-old athlete began his journey on a cement badminton court near his home, achieving his international breakthrough in 2021 with a silver at the Junior World Championships and a bronze at the World Games.

 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

1. Dhordo Village Becomes Fully Solar-Powered In Gujarat: Dhordo village in Kutch district, Gujarat, has recently become fully solar-powered. Recognised globally by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation as the ‘Best Tourism Village’, Dhordo now joins three other solar villages in Gujarat. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to dedicate this achievement on 20 September during the ‘Samudra Se Samriddhi’ event in Bhavnagar. This milestone marks Gujarat’s leadership in sustainable and clean energy. Under the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, every household in Dhordo has been equipped with solar rooftops. A total of 81 homes now generate their own electricity with a combined capacity of 177 kilowatts. This project aims to produce nearly 2.95 lakh units of electricity annually. It helps reduce electricity bills and provides an additional income source by selling surplus power to the grid.

 

BANKING AND FINANCE

 

1. Piyush Goyal Releases Guidebook on Mapping of 12,167 HSN Codes to Strengthen Trade and Policy Coordination: Union Minister Piyush Goyal released the “Guidebook on Mapping of HSN Codes” in New Delhi, prepared by DPIIT, to facilitate better trade and policymaking.The guidebook allocates 12,167 HSN Codes across 31 Ministries and Departments, helping establish product-level linkages and supporting sectoral growth guided by domain expertise.Mapping HSN codes with respective ministries will simplify business coordination, improve efficiency, reduce compliance burdens, and strengthen India’s position in trade negotiations.

 

2. India and ADB Sign $125 Million Loan to Boost Urban Livability and Climate Resilience in Assam: India and ADB sign $125 million loan agreement to improve urban livability and climate resilience in six district headquarters and Guwahati, Assam, benefiting around 3.6 lakh residents.Key infrastructure investments include six water treatment plants with a combined capacity of 72 million litres per day and 800 km of distribution pipelines across Barpeta, Bongaigaon, Dhubri, Goalpara, Golaghat, and Nalbari.Stormwater management in Guwahati will be enhanced through flood diversion channels, upgraded drainage systems, and a nature-based retention pond to reduce flood discharge and improve groundwater recharge.The project will strengthen urban governance via institutional reforms, capacity building, real-time monitoring systems, and the establishment of the Assam State Institute for Urban Development in collaboration with IIT Guwahati.

 

3. RBI Cancels Datta Finance’s CoR Over Violations in Digital Lending Operations: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has cancelled the Certificate of Registration (CoR) of New Delhi-based Datta Finance and Trading Pvt. Ltd. for irregularities in its digital lending operations.The NBFC was found violating RBI’s guidelines on outsourcing of financial services and the code of conduct in digital lending.The company had outsourced its core decision-making functions to service providers, which is against RBI norms.

 

4. Bank of Baroda Launches eRUPI P2P Digital Gifting on bob इ Pay UPI App: Bank of Baroda (BoB) has launched eRUPI Person-to-Person (P2P) digital gifting on its bob इ Pay UPI app, becoming the first in the banking industry to offer this feature.Powered by NPCI’s e-RUPI platform, the feature allows customers to send personalised, purpose-specific, prepaid digital vouchers to family, friends, or other beneficiaries, interoperable across all UPI platforms.Vouchers can range from ₹1 to ₹10,000, are non-transferable, and unused vouchers are automatically refunded to the sender; there is no limit on the number of vouchers issued, subject to daily UPI transaction limits.

 

AWARDS AND HONOURS

 

1.  Legendary Actor Mohanlal to Receive Dadasaheb Phalke Award 2023 for Iconic Contribution to Indian Cinema: Legendary actor Mohanlal to receive the Dadasaheb Phalke Award 2023 for his iconic contribution to Indian cinema, as announced by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.Mohanlal’s cinematic journey spans multiple languages including Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Hindi, inspiring generations with his versatility, talent, and dedication.The actor has previously been honoured with Padma Shri (2001) and Padma Bhushan (2019) and won the Best Feature Film Award as a producer for Vanaprastham.The award will be presented at the 71st National Film Awards ceremony, recognising his outstanding contribution to the growth and development of Indian cinema.